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Biomedical subjects

M Franchi

Publications and source records attributed to M Franchi.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

CT evaluation of myometrium invasion in endometrial carcinoma.

Myometrium invasion (M) is one of the principal prognostic factors in the early clinical stages of endometrial carcinoma and can be evaluated presurgically only by CT, although with conflicting results. We compared CT of 65 patients with early clinical stage endometrial carcinomas with the corresponding anatomopathological findings. Myometrial infiltration of the same degree may present different CT images. Therefore, we identified five fundamental CT patterns, each of which corresponded to one of the three degrees of myometrium infiltration (M1, M2, M3). Furthermore, we defined the infiltration index as the ratio of minimum free myometrium to maximum free myometrium. Overall diagnostic accuracy was 76%; however, for clinical purposes CT provided adequate guidelines for therapeutic decisions in 93% of the cases. These criteria proved to be less reliable in elderly women with atrophic myometria, especially when the neoplasia was polypoid in shape.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Palliative care for intestinal obstruction in recurrent ovarian cancer: a multivariate analysis.

Bowel obstruction is the most common complication in patients with ovarian cancer. Management of this situation is controversial. The aim of our retrospective study was to determine the best approach for managing bowel obstruction in recurrent ovarian cancer. A retrospective analysis of data on 47 patients with intestinal obstruction by ovarian cancer was performed. Twenty-seven patients were submitted to surgery, with 21 intestinal procedures performed, 2 gastrostomy tubes placed, and 4 patients deemed inoperable. Twenty patients were managed medically with Octreotide (mean dosage of 0.48 mg/day), of which 1 patient required a nasogastric tube. Age, performance status, diagnosis of tumor to occlusion time, obstruction site, previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy, presence of ascites, or palpable masses were the variables analyzed. Student's t-test and Pearson chi-square test were used to compare the two different groups of treatment (surgical vs medical therapy). Disease-free-survival curves were plotted according to the Kaplan-Meier method and analyzed by the log-rank test. Cox's proportional hazards model was used for multivariate analysis. Values less than or equal to 0.05 were considered significant. The mean age of the patients was 58.7 years. Perioperative mortality and morbidity were both 22%. All patients died with minimal distress. Performance status results were significantly different between the patients submitted to surgery and patients treated with Octreotide (P= 0.03). No significant differences were found in the other variables analyzed. In multivariate analysis, only type of treatment emerges as a strong predictor of poor outcome (P < 0.001). Both surgery and Octreotide therapy are able to control distressing symptoms in end-stage ovarian cancer. Survival was significantly longer in the surgical group, and surgical palliation should be considered first in patients with good performance status.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Oral ondansetron and intravenous dexamethasone in the prevention of cisplatin-induced emesis. A phase II trial in women.

Fifty-eight previously untreated patients with gynecological cancer, assigned to cisplatin-based chemotherapy (40-80 mg/m2), received the following antiemetic treatment: day 0, oral ondansetron 8 mg 3 times/day + intravenous dexamethasone 16 mg; days 1-7, oral ondansetron 8 mg twice/day. In cycle 1 complete or major control (0-2 emetic episodes) was achieved in 94.6% of the patients in the acute phase (day 0) and in 89.2% in the delayed phase (day 1-7). In the subgroup receiving cisplatin > or = 75 mg/m2 the effect on acute and delayed emesis decreased significantly with subsequent courses. Reversible side effects were observed in 8.9% of the cases. Oral ondansetron was efficacious, well tolerated and is worth testing further in randomized trials with intravenous therapy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tumour associated antigens CA 15.3 and CA 125 in ovarian cancer.

CA 125 and CA 15.3 antigens were determined by enzyme immunoassay in 78 patients with ovarian cancer for a total of 540 determinations. The antigens were also investigated in sera from 100 women with other gynaecological diseases, 82 lung cancer patients and in 39 pleural fluids of varying origin. CA 15.3 reference values were evaluated in 91 healthy women (cut-off: 25 U/ml). CA 15.3 sensitivity at diagnosis (60%) and for detecting relapse (44%) was lower than that of CA 125 (90% and 64.7%, respectively). However, CA 15.3 does not increase with aspecific mesothelial cell reaction and thus it is more specific than CA 125. Combined use of the markers during follow-up improves early detection of relapse (at least one of the two was positive in 79% of cases). Therefore both CA 15.3 and CA 125 should be routinely determined for the detection and monitoring of ovarian cancer.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intertwined Sharpey fibers in human acellular cementum.

We had carried out a detailed morphological study on the human acellular extrinsic fiber cementum (AEFC) in order to support the exclusively extrinsic origin of matrix collagen bundles. Mesial and distal cervical third of fresh premolars from young individuals were examined. Semi-thin and thin section clearly show the Sharpey fibres entering in the cementum at right-angle to the root surface and coursing throughout the cementum to the cemento-dentinal junction. On their way to the dentin the Sharpey fibres divide into smaller bundles which, coursing obliquely or tangentially, intersect with others deriving from neighbouring Sharpey fibres. Both de-proteinated and decalcified samples observed at SEM present Sharpey fibres along the fractured surfaces entering and running trough the cementum perpendicularly to the root surface. Fibril bundles are seen branching out from the main body of a single Sharpey fibre and coursing obliquely or perpendicularly to the original fibre. These morphological evidences obtained both at TEM and SEM further confirm that in AEFC fibril bundles running parallel or obliquely to the root surface are branches of Sharpey fibres and not intrinsic cementum fibres.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Peri-implant medullary cisternae at the interface of bone-smooth surface titanium endosseous implant.

A histological and ultrastructural study was carried out on the spongy bone response to smooth titanium oral implant surfaces. The samples obtained both from monkeys and from patients at various times from the implant insertion revealed that the bone-implant integration developed through different morphological aspects. The implant surface appeared in contact with medullary lacunae, as well as with osteoid tissue or directly with bone matrix. The complementary ultrastructural techniques employed have shown that the medullary lacunae appeared as wide and flattened cisternae delimited by a continuous single layer of flattened cells forming a thin lamina adhering to the implant and an endosteal lamina facing the bone surface. For their position and flattened shape we named them peri-implant medullary cisternae. The presence of blood vessels, reticular cells and myeloid cells in their lumen suggested that these peri-implant medullary cisternae were functional sites of new bone formation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

NaOCl and EDTA irrigating solutions for endodontics: SEM findings.

Premolars roots of humans were manually instrumented with K-type files and irrigated with different solutions to evaluate the rate of cleaning of endodontic surface. Root canals irrigated with 0.9% saline solution or H2O2 (10 volumes) showed the presence of predentin and amorphous smear layer. Thick smear layer was always present on endodontic walls rinsed with 5% solution of NaOCl. Specimens treated with 0.2% solution of EDTA showed partially clean dentinal tubules orifices and remnants of a thin smear layer. Occasional uninstrumented areas of the same roots presented smear layer remnants and predentin with calcified bacteria. The root canals irrigated with NaOCl and EDTA solutions alternated after each instrument showed at the dentin surface thick smear layer: only few dentinal tubules orifices were visible. Endodontic surface of root canals irrigated with NaOCl during instrumentation and finally rinsed with EDTA solutions showed the most homogeneous ultrastructural pictures: partially clean dentinal orifices were detectable in the whole canals.

Bicuspid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Infections in obstetric-gynecologic surgery: chemo-antibiotic prophylaxis and therapy. A bibliographic review].

The Authors review, on the basis of their experience, the literature data concerning chemo-antibiotic prophylaxis in gynaecological surgery. Prophylaxis is widely employed although some important aspects are still under evaluation: bacterial selection and resistance, benefit in case of abdominal hysterectomy or elective Cesarean section, risk of pseudomembranous colitis. The most effective drugs are Piperacillin/Mezlocillin given in a single dose preoperatively. The same drugs are useful in the treatment of postsurgical infections.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnostic reflections on lung lymphangioleiomyomatosis].

Two cases of histologically proven pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis were studied by means of an adequate combination of the current imaging modalities. After an anatomical survey of the secondary pulmonary lobule, the authors discuss the pathologic appearance, the pathogenetic factors (mainly hormones), and the diagnostic problems concerning this pathologic condition. Finally, the authors emphasize the decisive role of high-resolution CT (HRCT) in the evaluation of pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis.

Adult↗