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Biomedical subjects

M Ferrari

Publications and source records attributed to M Ferrari.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Eosinophil-mediated cellular cytotoxicity induced by zymosan-activated serum.

The aim of the present work was to develop an in vitro model of eosinophil cytotoxicity which mimics numerous in vivo situations characterized by complement activation through the alternative pathway. Our results demonstrate that eosinophilic granulocytes from patients with parasitic diseases and blood eosinophilia were able to damage chicken red blood cells when incubated with zymosan-activated serum (ZAS) as assessed by a 51Cr release assay. The phenomenon was independent of the presence of antibodies directed against the target cells and related to the quantity of ZAS added to the wells. As target cell lysis is totally or partially inhibited by catalase, sodium azide and potassium cyanide, an involvement of toxic oxygen derivatives as cytolytic mediators was suggested.

Azides↗
PubMed1986

[Fluorocarbons as artificial blood substitutes: an electron microscopy study].

In spite of the great interest in developing a perfluorocarbon (PFC) blood substitute with a wide range of applications, the in vivo and in vitro knowledge of the interactions between PFCs and cells, from the ultrastructural point of view is limited up to now. In this framework, our observation confirmed the PFC particle uptake by rat hepatocytes in vivo as well as in vitro. The absence of endocytosis by rat and guinea pig myocytes in vivo, to be confirmed by in vitro experiments, could favour a safe use of PFCs as components of cardioplegic solutions.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

A study on the sensitivity of bovine rotavirus to some chemical agents.

The behaviour of bovine rotavirus, strain 81/36 F, to some chemical agents was studied. The chemicals tested were all more or less effective, depending on their concentration and time of exposure under room temperature. It is suggested therefore, that they could be used as disinfectants in the case of rotaviral contamination.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Isolation of cytophatic strains of rotavirus from pigs.

Twenty-two rotavirus isolates were recovered from piglets suffering from diarrhea. The isolates readily propagated in MA-104 cell cultures where they induced typical cytopathic effects (CPE) and possessed the physicochemicals properties of the members of rotavirus genus, Family Reoviridae. The electron microscopy study, conducted in MA-104 infected cells, revealed virus particles which possessed the peculiar morphology of rotavirus. The isolates were neutralized by a reference porcine rotavirus antiserum: all were devoid of hemagglutinating activity for red cells of swine, cattle, sheep, rabbit, chicken and guinea pig.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Dacryoscintigraphy: execution and examination technic in normal subjects].

After instillation of 0.013 ml of 99 mTc (equal to 60 microcuries), the authors performed a dacryoscintigraphy of the lacrymal ducts in 32 patients. The patients, between 6 and 80 year old, were divided in 4 age groups. None of them suffered from any diseases in the lacrymal apparatus or rhinopharynx. By this technique the authors studied the physiologic flow of tears, which varied with age and morphology of the ducts. They come to the conclusion that this non-invasive semeiological technique is much helpful in quantitative or qualitative study of the lacrymal ducts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Social quotients of children with phenylketonuria before and after discontinuation of dietary therapy.

The records of 16 early-treated children with phenylketonuria (PKU) whose low-phenylalanine diets had been discontinued at an average age of 5.5 years were reviewed for evidence of deterioration in functioning. Measures of their medical and social status, namely, serum phenylalanine levels and Vineland Social Quotients, before and after diet discontinuation were investigated via repeated measures analyses of variance. Social quotients decreased significantly following discontinuation and were inversely correlated with serum phenylalanine levels.

Child↗
PubMed1986

Variations in absorption of theophylline from two sustained-release products.

The intrasubject variability in the absorption of two sustained-release theophylline products was investigated in eight healthy volunteers, aged 27 to 38 years. Each subject randomly received 500 mg of Somophyllin-CRT on two days and 600 mg of Theo-Dur on two other days. At least one week separated each of the study days. Blood samples were collected at frequent intervals after each dose over a 24-hour period. Serum theophylline concentrations were assayed in duplicate by means of an enzyme immunoassay. The serum theophylline concentration-time curves were used to calculate the peak serum concentrations, the time to peak concentration, and the area under the curves for each subject. The intrasubject variability of these values was great with both drugs, but Theo-Dur demonstrated greater variability than did Somophyllin-CRT.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The myocardial levels of the antiarrhythmic drugs: clinical relevance.

Valuable knowledge has been recently achieved in the field of pharmacokinetics of antiarrhythmics, but few data are still available about myocardial concentrations attainable by such drugs, especially as far as the clinical implications of the binding mechanisms and the relationships with plasma levels are concerned. According to the "modulated receptor theory", not only beta-blockers or verapamil but also class I agents should act by a receptor mechanism. In general, antiarrhythmics attain myocardial levels largely higher than the plasmatic concentrations and the non-specific binding greatly exceeds the specific one. Moreover, some relevant causes of lack of correlation between plasma levels and drug response (such as active metabolites, acid-base or ionic disorders, ischemia, receptor changes etc.) are not removed by the determination of myocardial level, which is quite unpractical and does not offer clear advantages in comparison to the conventional plasma monitoring.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

A serologic survey of rotavirus infection in pigs.

Neutralizing antibodies to rotavirus were found in 97.18% of the serum samples obtained from pigs from representative regions of Italy. The antibodies are distributed fairly uniformly throughout the swine population with all age groups being equally involved.

Aging↗
PubMed1985

Substrate-product relation of 1-hydroxylase activity in primary hyperparathyroidism.

The synthesis of the active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25-(OH)2D), is thought to be relatively insensitive to the serum concentration of its precursor, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D). We compared the effect of oral administration of 25-OH-D3 (50 micrograms per day for one month) on serum concentrations of calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone, 25-OH-D, and 1,25-(OH)2D in five healthy adults and in six patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. In normal adults the mean (+/- S.D.) serum level of 25-OH-D rose from 18 +/- 9 to 136 +/- 47 ng per milliliter; no significant changes were observed in the other serum levels. In contrast, comparable increases in the levels of circulating 25-OH-D in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism caused a consistent slight rise in serum calcium and phosphate levels, a partial suppression of parathyroid hormone, and a sharp increase in the level of 1,25-(OH)2D. During this period a significant positive correlation was found between serum concentrations of 25-OH-D and 1,25-(OH)2D (P less than 0.001). These results provide evidence that in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, levels of circulating 1,25-(OH)2D may be more dependent on the prevailing serum concentrations of 25-OH-D than they are in normal adults.

25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-Hydroxylase↗
PubMed1985

A comparison of rotavirus strains of bovine, simian and porcine origin.

Three rotavirus strains of bovine, simian and porcine origin, respectively, were compared. The 3 viruses induced a classic rotaviral infection in newborn, conventionally reared calves. The cross neutralization tests revealed an antigenic identity of simian and porcine rotaviruses and a slight serologic correlation of these two viruses with the bovine rotavirus strain. However, in reciprocal cross protection tests carried out in calves, the simian rotavirus antiserum afforded weak protection to challenge infection with either the porcine or the bovine viruses. By contrast, the protective level of the bovine and the porcine rotavirus antisera was relatively high. It was speculated that the 81/36F bovine rotavirus could be considered, tentatively, as an antigenic reassortant rotavirus strain.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Noninvasive determination of the anaerobic threshold in canoeing, cross-country skiing, cycling, roller, and ice-skating, rowing, and walking.

The relationship between velocity (V) and heart rate (HR) was determined in four canoeists, 42 cross-country skiers, 73 cyclists, nine ice-skaters, 10 roller-skaters, 32 rowers, and 20 walkers. The athletes were asked to increase their work intensity progressively, from low to submaximal velocities; HRs were determined by ECG in roller-, ice-skating, and walking, or read on a cardiofrequency meter in canoeing, cross-country skiing, cycling, and rowing. In all the athletes examined the linearity of the V-HR relationship was maintained up to a submaximal speed (deflection velocity, Vd), beyond which the increase in work intensity exceeded the increase in HR. Vd and anaerobic threshold (AT), determined through blood lactate measurements, were coincident in 19 athletes (6 cross-country skiers, 3 cyclists, 2 roller-skaters, 3 rowers, and 5 walkers). Vd was correlated with the average speeds maintained in walking (20 km, n = 13, r = 0.88), cross-country skiing (15 km, n = 20, r = 0.80; 30 km, n = 8, r = 0.82; 12 km, n = 7, r = 0.86; 11 km, n = 7, r = 0.86) and cycling (1,000 m flying-start, n = 68, r = 0.83), thus showing that AT is a limiting factor in these aerobic events.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Plasma levels and myocardial content of verapamil, norverapamil and two N-dealkyl-metabolites in man.

The plasma levels and myocardial content of verapamil and its metabolites norverapamil, N-dealkylverapamil and N-dealkylnorverapamil were determined in 15 patients with valvular [3] or ischaemic [12] heart disease. The mean myocardial plasma concentration ratio (M/P) was 7.05 for verapamil, 11.45 for norverapamil, 8.93 for N-dealkylverapamil, and 11.33 for N-dealkylnorverapamil, with great interpatient variability. The highest M/P ratios of verapamil were generally found in patients with the lowest plasma levels, suggesting that saturable tissue uptake may occur.

Adult↗