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Biomedical subjects

M Englert

Publications and source records attributed to M Englert.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Electrophysiologic effects of intravenous xamoterol in patients with sinus node dysfunction.

The electrophysiologic effects of xamoterol were studied in ten patients with electrophysiologic evidence of sinus node dysfunction. A significant shortening of mean sinus cycle length, maximal corrected sinus-node recovery time, and the mean of the three longest corrected sinus-node recovery times was observed after intravenous administration of 0.1 mg/kg of xamoterol. The atrioventricular (AV) conduction time and the effective and functional refractory periods of the AV node were shortened as the effective refractory period of the atrium. These effects suggest that xamoterol could be tried safely for the treatment of patients with moderate symptoms due to sinus-node disease.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1990

Relationships between catastrophic cognitions and body sensations in anxiety disordered, mixed diagnosis, and normal subjects.

Clark's (Behaviour Research and Therapy, 24, 461-470, 1986) cognitive model proposes that panic attacks result from the catastrophic misinterpretation of certain body sensations. The present study examined correlations between feared body sensations and catastrophic cognitions. It was hypothesized that regardless of diagnostic status meaningful correlations between sensations and cognitions would be obtained. Three groups--anxiety disordered patients (n = 33), nonanxiety disordered patients (n = 57), and normals (n = 60)--completed the Agoraphobic Cognitions Questionnaire and the Body Sensations Questionnaire. Results generally supported the hypothesis and the cognitive model of panic and anxiety. Limitations of the correlational methodology are discussed, and treatment implications are noted.

Agoraphobia↗
PubMed1989

Diastolic function and modifications of left ventricular architecture in ultraendurance athletes.

Although diastolic function is altered in left ventricular hypertrophy due to aortic stenosis or systemic hypertension, it has been shown to be normal in athletes. To analyze the reason for this discrepancy, we have studied left ventricular masses and volumes and diastolic flow velocities in 13 ultraendurance athletes and in 8 sedentary subjects as a control group by M-mode (TM), two-dimensional (2D) and Doppler echocardiography. Significant differences in the measurements of mass and volume have been found depending upon the method used. Considering that two-dimensional echocardiography is more appropriate for estimations of LV mass and LV volume, especially when the shape of the left ventricle is modified, overestimation of LV mass and underestimation of LV volume in ultraendurance athletes by TM could be explained by an elongation of LV cavity in athletes. Doppler velocimetry showed similar results in athletes and control subjects. We suggest that those LV configurational changes partly explain the preservation of diastolic function in athletes by restoring in diastole the energy stored in systole.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Placebo-controlled study of lisinopril in congestive heart failure: a multicentre study.

A double-blind randomised, parallel, placebo-controlled study was performed in patients with congestive heart failure, at 13 centres in 10 countries, to assess the efficacy and safety of lisinopril, a new angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. After a 2-week run-in period, 130 patients receiving digoxin and/or diuretics were randomised to 12 weeks of treatment with lisinopril 5 mg daily (87 patients) or with placebo (43 patients), with an option to increase lisinopril dosage to 10 or 20 mg. Patients treated with lisinopril improved significantly more than placebo-treated patients (p less than 0.05) for all clinical parameters except oedema and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea. Left ventricular ejection fraction rose by 8% in lisinopril patients compared to 2% in the placebo group, while the cardiothoracic ratio and echocardiographic end systolic diameter fell in the lisinopril group (p less than 0.01) but not in the placebo group. Exercise duration was greater in the lisinopril group at all timepoints, and the increase in exercise duration at 12 weeks was greater by more than 2 min in the lisinopril group as compared to the placebo group (p less than 0.01). Changes in clinical and noninvasive parameters such as the New York Heart Association status, were well correlated with changes in exercise duration. Four patients in the lisinopril group and three in the placebo group died in this study, and there were 31 adverse clinical experiences in the 87 lisinopril-treated patients compared to 13 in the 43 placebo-treated patients. We conclude that lisinopril in doses of 2.5-20 mg/day is well tolerated and effective in patients with heart failure who are receiving digitalis and diuretics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Reproducibility of electrophysiologic parameters of extrinsic sinus node function in patients with and without sick sinus syndrome.

In a group of 50 patients we investigated the daily reproducibility of the resting heart rate (RHR), the maximal corrected sinus node recovery time (CSNRTM), the pacing rate at which the CSNRTM occurred (OP), and the sinoatrial conduction time (SACT) during basal state. The study population was divided into two groups according to the presence or absence (as evidenced during the initial electrophysiologic study) of sinus node disease: group I included 35 patients with normal sinus node function, and group II included 15 patients with sick sinus syndrome. The electrophysiologic study was repeated approximately at the same hour and under similar conditions after an interval of at least two days (mean: 3.2 days for group I and 4.7 days for group II). The results showed good reproducibility with the exception of RHR in group I which slightly but significantly decreased in the second electrophysiologic study. The daily variations of the sinus node parameters appeared to be of similar levels in the two groups except for the CSNRTM; this parameter showed wide variations in single values in both groups, more marked in group II than in group I. Furthermore, if the CSNRTM and/or SACT were normal, it was likely that they would remain normal whatever the electrophysiologic status of the patient. Inversely, the change of status from abnormal to normal CSNRTM or SACT was not uncommon in patients with electrophysiologic signs of sinus node disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Pretreatment of rats with anticollagen IgG renders them resistant to active type II collagen arthritis.

Intravenous administration of 24 mg of affinity-purified rat anticollagen IgG induced a polyarthritis in recipient rats within 48 hr. This polyarthritis was transient and hind paw diameters returned to normal values within 12 days. IgG and C3 could be detected on the articular cartilage by immunofluorescence up to 16 days after antibody administration. Administration of 24 mg of rat anticollagen IgG to these antibody-treated rats did not induce a second phase of polyarthritis. In addition, recovered rats that had been pretreated with antibody were resistant to arthritis when Type II collagen was administered intradermally. In these rats, serum anticollagen IgG levels were significantly lower than in control rats which were not treated with antibody. Pretreatment of rats with anticollagen IgG did not have an effect on the severity or the incidence of adjuvant-induced arthritis. In addition, pretreatment of rats with anticollagen IgG did not have an effect on the development of a humoral response to ovalbumin.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Evolution of intrathoracic airway mechanics during lung growth.

Elastic recoil pressure of the lungs (Pst(L)), maximum expiratory flow rates (MEF), critical transmural pressure of the collapsible flow-limiting segment (Ptm'), and S-segment conductance (Gs) have been determined in 40 healthy subjects, 7-18 yr old. Pst(L), measured at different lung volumes (fractional) from the expiratory quasi-static pressure-volume curves, increases progressively with age. MEF's, at different lung volumes, are closely related to total lung capacity (TLC); the ratios MEF/TLC, at all lung volumes, are independent of age. Ptm' is also independence of age and body height, most values lying between 0 and -15 cmH2O; this finding suggests that the locus and the behavior of the collapsible segment do not change during growth. Gs, in absolute value, increases with growth but, when adjusted for lung size, Gs decreases steadily with age and body height. These relations suggest that, from childhood to adolescence, the air spaces grow disproportionately more than the airway system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Impairment of pulmonary function in acute pancreatitis.

Arterial blood gas levels, lung volumes, and diffusing properties for carbon monoxide were measured in 22 patients with uncomplicated acute pancreatitis who had no clinical or radiographic evidence of pulmonary involvement. Mild arterial hypoxemia (less than 75 mm Hg) was present in four patients. The mean values of inspiratory lung volumes were clearly reduced, and the diffusing properties were sharply altered; the mean value for the diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide per unit of lung volume (Krogh's constant [KCO]) was 78 percent of predicted. Four patients with a low KCO in the first four days after an acute episode had normal values when reevaluated one week later. These findings suggest the occurrence, even in mild acute pancreatitis, of transient pulmonary injury mainly localized at the level of the capillaries, leading to decreased gas transfer.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

[Supervision of patients with artificial heart valves (author's transl)].

Valvulotomy mortality is 2--5% depending on the age and the condition of the myocardium. Ball valves, disk valves and biological prostheses are most commonly used. The most important complications of valve prostheses include bacterial endocarditis, loosening of the artificial valve, hemolytic anemias and thromboembolism. Presently, the Hancock prosthesis gives the best results. Thrombus formation, the most frequent complication of ball and disk valves--sometimes in spite of anticoagulation--does not occur with the biological prosthesis. Strict anticoagulant therapy and supervision is therefore not necessary. Should the Hancock prosthesis continue to prove satisfactory, it is to be hoped that resistance to early operation will be overcome and that the most important cause of failure, valvulotomy in an irreversible damaged heart, will thus be eliminated.

Anemia, Hemolytic↗
PubMed1977

An automatic device for single-breath CO diffusing capacity in dogs.

We describe a very simply operated system by which single-breath CO diffusing capacity (DLCO) can be measured in anesthetized dogs. All controls and the automatic system are operated pneumatically. Cams forming an integral part of the pistons of the inspiratory and expiratory syringes activate push buttons which control the valves, enabling dead spaces to be flushed, a specific volume of air to be injected into the dog's lungs, and expiratory samples to be taken. Our results, due account being taken of the dogs' weight, are in the upper range of normal values published in earlier studies; the reproducibility of the method is good.

Animals↗