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Biomedical subjects

M D Altschule

Publications and source records attributed to M D Altschule.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Elevated levels of plasma lipofuscins in patients with chronic renal failure.

The fluorescence excitation and emission spectra observed in plasma from patients with chronic renal failure were reproduced by the generation of soluble lipofuscins in normal plasma samples by incubation with mixtures of L-dopa, dopamine, L-norepinephrine, L-epinephrine, 3-hydroxy-DL-kynurenine and 3-hydroxy-anthranilic acid for 24 h at 37 degrees C. Relative fluorescence intensity measurements consistently showed elevated plasma levels of the soluble lipofuscins in chronic renal failure: the means (n = 27) were 73.9 +/- 33.4 (SD) and 71.1 +/- 14.8 at emissions 413 nm and 445 nm respectively, in contrast to those of normal plasma samples (n = 11), 18.2 +/- 5.3 and 23.1 +/- 5.6. The maximum or shoulder at approximately 413 nm represents soluble lipofuscin that can be generated from 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid and the maximum or shoulder at approximately 445 nm represents soluble lipofuscins derived from the precursors listed above and probably from other related precursors. Gravimetric measurements also showed elevated levels of melanins in the plasma samples of patients with chronic renal failure: 2.72 +/- 0.38 mg/ml (n = 16), as compared to normal values: 1.70 +/- 0.10 mg/ml (n = 6). In individual patients haemodialysis reduced the fluorescence intensities to a range of 65-99% and the melanin levels to a range of 86-99% of the pre-dialysis values.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

A clinical experience with ADSOL preserved erythrocytes.

This study was undertaken to determine how ADSOL (adenine, glucose, mannitol and sodium chloride) preservative affects the 24 hour post-transfusion survival values of human erythrocytes during storage at 4 degrees C. for 35, 42 and 49 days. The results show that acceptable 24 hour post-transfusion survival values were observed only after storage at 4 degrees C. for 35 days.

Adenine↗
PubMed1987

Hypothermia-induced reversible platelet dysfunction.

Baboons that were subjected to systemic hypothermia at 32 C had an arm skin temperature of 27.3 C and bleeding time of 5.8 minutes. With local warming of the arm skin to 34 C, the bleeding time was 2.4 minutes. In normothermic baboons with arm skin temperature of 34.6 C, the bleeding time was 3.1 minutes. Local cooling of the arm skin to 27.6 C produced a bleeding time of 6.9 minutes. Increasing the skin temperature of the arm in hypothermic baboons to 38.9 C and in normothermic baboons to 40.1 C reduced bleeding times to 2.1 and 2.3 minutes, respectively. In both hypothermic and normothermic baboons there was a negative and significant correlation between the bleeding time and the arm skin temperature and the thromboxane B2 level in the shed blood obtained at the template bleeding time site. There was a significant positive correlation between the thromboxane B2 level in the shed blood and the arm skin temperature. Both in-vivo and in-vitro studies have shown that the production of thromboxane B2 by platelets is temperature-dependent, and that a cooling of skin temperature produces a reversible platelet dysfunction. Data also suggest that when a hypothermic patient bleeds without surgical cause, skin and wound temperature should be restored to normal before the administration of blood products that are not only expensive but may also transmit disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Increased levels of serum lipofuscin derived from 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid in patients with chronic renal failure.

Normal Caucasian male sera incubated with 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid to generate soluble lipofuscin were studied together with unincubated serum samples from uremic Caucasian males, using the methods of Schwertner & Hawthorne in order to identify a fluorescent substance found by them to increase in uremic sera. Ethanol extracts of uremic sera, of normal sera containing this soluble lipofuscin and of same normal serum blanks were prepared. Reversed-phase thin-layer chromatograms of the extracts developed with methanol-water (40:60, v./v.), displayed one significant spot per sample, with RF values of 0.89 +/- 0.02. The spots showed blue fluorescence in 366 nm ultraviolet light. Aqueous solutions of the spots from uremic sera and from 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid-incubated normal sera produced closely similar fluorescence excitation shoulders and maxima at approximately 321 nm and emission maxima at 402 +/- 3 nm with significantly higher intensities than the normal. Thin-layer chromatograms of the ethanol extracts were also prepared on silica gel G developed with ethanol. The uremic, the 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid-incubated normal sera and the normal blank sera showed identical patterns in 366 nm light. The findings demonstrate that serum lipofuscin derived from 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid either in vivo or in vitro yields the fluorescent substance or component separated by ethanol extraction and reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography and that this serum lipofuscin present at low concentration in normal sera increases in uremic sera.

3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acid↗