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Biomedical subjects

M Corbett

Publications and source records attributed to M Corbett.

81 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Target blood pressure for patients with type 2 diabetes is difficult to achieve in the setting of a busy diabetes clinic.

BACKGROUND: Target blood pressure control in patients with type 2 diabetes should be 130/85 mmHg or less; however, it is not clear how achievable this target is in clinical practice. AIM: To assess the adequacy of blood pressure control in patients with type 2 diabetes attending a busy outpatient clinic. METHODS: One hundred and eight patients with type 2 diabetes were assessed for the presence of hypertension using a cut-off value of 130/85 mmHg. Antihypertensive treatment and diabetic complications were evaluated. RESULTS: Hypertension was present in 67% of patients, in whom 90% were receiving anti-hypertensive treatment. Forty-nine per cent of the treated patients achieved target blood pressure. Of the undertreated patients, 55% were on one antihypertensive agent, 30% were on two agents and 15% were on three or more agents. The corresponding figures for the adequately treated patients were 28%, 31% and 41%, respectively (p=0.03). CONCLUSION: Adequate blood pressure control was underachieved in this patient group underlying the difficulty in treating blood pressure to target values in patients with type 2 diabetes in the setting of outpatient diabetes clinics. A more aggressive strategy, in particular the use of multiple antihypertensive agents should be adopted.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of anaemia in patients with diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND: Anaemia is an increasingly recognised entity in patients with diabetes mellitus. AIMS: We aimed to determine the prevalence of anaemia in our population of patients with diabetes, and to examine the factors associated with anaemia. METHODS: The haemoglobin (Hb) levels in a consecutive series of patients attending for annual review of their diabetes over a three-month period were measured. Patients were classified as anaemic as per the WHO criteria. RESULTS: During the period of study, 270 patients attended for review. Eleven per cent of males and 16% of females were anaemic. Seventy four per cent of anaemic patients had a serum creatinine <110micromol/l and 72% of anaemic patients had a calculated creatinine clearance of >60ml/min. CONCLUSIONS: Anaemia was relatively common in patients attending for routine outpatient diabetes clinic review. The high prevalence of anaemia supports the routine screening for anaemia in the diabetes out-patient clinic, including in those without overt nephropathy.

Anemia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Malnutrition: trials and triumphs.

Severe malnutrition is uncommon but often fatal, particularly in very young infants or when oedema is present. Another major contributor to mortality is undiagnosed infection. Three pilot studies have recently been performed in severely malnourished patients in therapeutic feeding centres in sub-Saharan Africa. In each, a practical management problem was addressed and a potential solution tested. Three conclusions were reached: young breastfeeding infants were best managed using a supplemented suckling technique; routine antibiotics from admission reduced mortality; and in adults with oedematous malnutrition, therapeutic diets with a lower-than-usual protein:energy ratio were effective in reducing mortality and permitting catch-up weight gain.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surgical management of exertional compartment syndrome of the lower leg. Long-term followup.

Forty-six limbs in 28 patients were surgically treated for exertional compartment syndrome. One group of 16 patients (26 limbs) underwent a fasciotomy for exertional anterior compartment syndrome (Group 1). A second group of 12 patients (20 limbs) underwent a fasciotomy for exertional deep posterior compartment syndrome (Group 2). Patients in Group 2 experienced symptoms for a significantly longer time than those in Group 1:16 versus 6.8 months (P < 0.01). All three of the pressure measurements used in this study (resting pressure, 1 minute after exercise, and 5 minutes after exercise) were significantly higher in both groups than in normal controls (P < 0.01). The 1 minute after exercise values were significantly higher in Group 1 (mean, 36.5) than in Group 2 (mean, 29.1) (P < 0.01). In Group 1, 25 of 26 limbs (96%) had excellent results. In Group 2, 13 of 20 limbs (65%) had satisfactory results (5 excellent and 8 good) and 7 (35%) had unsatisfactory results (4 fair and 3 poor). Those patients who had an unsatisfactory outcome did so within 6 months. Patients in Group 1 had a significantly higher rate of satisfactory results than those in Group 2 (P < 0.05).

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Levamisole in rheumatoid arthritis -- a double-blind study.

Levamisole was used in a double blind trial in 24 patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Each patient received either levamisole 150 mg daily, or placebo for a period of 6 months in addition to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory therapy. Ten patients, 8 of whom were taking levamisole, failed to complete the trial. Clinically 3 or 4 patients on levamisole who completed the study showed improvement whereas 5 were considered improved on placebo. The high incidence of side effects, (rashes, gastrointestinal upset, stomatitis and depression) in the levamisole treated group indicates that this drug, in the dose used, was too toxic for the management of severe RA. A much lower incidence of side effects is reported with recent recommendations using much lower daily or even weekly dosage.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The perceived racism scale: a multidimensional assessment of the experience of white racism among African Americans.

The experience of racism is a complex, multidimensional phenomenon. At present, there are few instruments that attempt to capture the experience of racism in all of its complexity. For this study, a new instrument, the Perceived Racism Scale, has been constructed to assess the experience of racism in African Americans in a multidimensional manner. The scale not only provides a measure of the frequency of exposure to many manifestations of racism (including individual and institutional, overt and covert, attitudinal, behavioral, and cultural), but takes a step forward in more comprehensively measuring the experience of racism by assessing emotional and behavioral coping responses to racism. These responses are measured with respect to exposure to racism in three situational domains: on the job, in academic settings, and in the public realm. Measurement of responses to a fourth domain, that of exposure to racist statements, is also included. It is hoped that the Perceived Racism Scale will facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of the experience of racism among African Americans and, through its use in research and clinical settings, will ultimately move us closer to reducing the prevalence and potentially untoward effects of racism.

Adaptation, Psychological↗