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Biomedical subjects

M Cooke

Publications and source records attributed to M Cooke.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Theophylline estimation-a comparative evaluation of a gas chromatographic method and a high-performance liquid chromatographic method.

A comparative evaluation of a gas-liquid chromatographic (GLC) assay and a high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) assay for the determination of plasma theophylline levels has been carried out. Both methods are reliable, accurate, and technically simple and appear to be specific for theophylline. The HPLC system is more sensitive (sample volume 25 micrliter) than the GLC system (sample volume 500 microliter) and is therefore suitable for the estimation of theophylline in microsamples. The HPLC system also has better precision (coefficient of variation: within-batch 2.0%, between-batch 3.0%) than the GLC system (coefficient of variation: within-batch 3.5%, between-batch 5.6%). Good correlation (r=0.964) was found between plasma theophylline levels (n=75, observed range 4-186 mumol/l) determined by each procedure. The results of this study indicate that, of the two systems investigated, HPLC is the method of choice.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1968

Limy bile.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of the seminar method to improve clinical teaching.

The effects of a seminar method to improve the teaching of ward attending physicians were evaluated. Forty-six attending physicians from four institutions were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The method was evaluated to assess its effects on attending physicians' performances and attitudes, and impact on learners. Evaluation methods included ratings of videotapes of ward rounds, teachers' subjective assessments of both their teaching performances and their experiences in the study, and trainee ratings. Videotape ratings, the teachers' own assessments, and the trainees' assessments of the attending physicians' impact on learning were significantly different, favoring the experimental group (p less than 0.05). It is concluded that the seminar method can provide the basis for effective and feasible approaches for improving clinical teaching by attending physicians.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Controversies in the management of HIV-related illnesses.

The care of patients who have HIV infection requires technical competence, skill in clinical decision making, a commitment to continuing self-education, the ability to collaborate with medical and community-based service providers, and attention to the psychological and ethical aspects of patient care. General internists bring these attributes to their work and will be increasingly involved in meeting the challenges presented by the AIDS epidemic. Controversial issues in the management of HIV illness include: assessment and management of latent syphilis in patients with intercurrent HIV infection; risk assessment and postexposure zidovudine prophylaxis of health care workers after occupational accidents; determination of the risk of reactivation tuberculosis in HIV-infected individuals; and treatment or nontreatment of infections with the Mycobacterium avium complex in symptomatic patients. Patients illustrating these management problems are presented by progressive disclosure; the points made in discussion by a panel of general internists and AIDS specialists are presented.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Implementing evidence-based practice for urinary catheterization.

Nursing development units (NDUs) are ideal centres for the critical examination of clinical nursing practice. In addition, staff are enabled to clarify appropriate and effective methods of care and interventions based on evidence to date (Department of Health (DoH), 1993, 1998; English National Board (ENB), 1996, 1997; Centre for Policy in Nursing Research, 1997). In July 1996, the staff within the cardiology NDU at Addenbrooke's NHS Trust looked at the potential for various projects that were central to practice. One concerned the management of urinary catheters. A pilot study was initiated, one outcome of which was the design of a project checklist based on Sackett et al's definition of evidence-based practice (EBP) (Sackett et al, 1997). In this article, the aims and intentions of the project are evaluated in relation to the problems associated with implementing evidence. In addition, the framework of the White Paper (DoH, 1998) is examined against the need for an organizational Infrastructure, which is required to enable achievement of the outcomes of EBP. The benefits of the project are outlined, both in the changes to practice and for the unit. Recommendations for other professionals are also offered, as there are few recorded experiences in the literature of implementation of EBP, the process framework required and the costs involved.

Clinical Nursing Research↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A description of the adoption of the 'Fresh start' smoking cessation program by antenatal clinic managers.

This paper reports the dissemination by the Cancer Education Research Program (CERP) of a previously tested smoking cessation program called 'Fresh start' to 23 antenatal clinics. The program was specifically designed for use by staff in antenatal clinics. The aim of the study was to investigate the factors that influenced midwifery managers' adoption of the program. Clinics were randomly assigned to groups that received the program by simple dissemination (mail-out), or intensive dissemination (a mail-out, plus personal contact with midwifery facilitators). A case history approach was used to investigate the variables which influenced a midwifery manager's decision to adopt the program. The results indicated that intensive dissemination improved program adoption and that program components were selected to fit the physical and social context within antenatal clinics. Managers believed the main barriers to the implementation of the program were: the negative reactions of clients; insufficient time available for smoking cessation interventions; lack of support from professional colleagues; inability to provide follow-up to clients; staff turnover; and poor access and storage of materials.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗