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M Coleman

Publications and source records attributed to M Coleman.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Clinical correlations of auditory P200 topography and left temporo-central deficits in schizophrenia: a preliminary study.

A number of studies using nontopographic analyses have reported an amplitude decrement of the auditory P200 component in schizophrenics compared to normal controls. Here we report a topographic analysis of the auditory P200 (204-272 ms; peak to baseline) in chronic medicated schizophrenics (N = 11) and normal controls (N = 18) and the correlation between this measure and clinical symptoms in schizophrenia. Exploratory T-statistic mapping (SPM) and "protected" Hotelling's T-squared contrasts of integrated voltages over the entire scalp showed that schizophrenics' P200 component had diminished amplitude in the left temporo-central region. Furthermore, P200 amplitude in the same scalp region during the experimental condition of counting infrequent tones was highly correlated with negative symptoms in the schizophrenic group.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Desferrioxamine therapy in hemodialysis patients with aluminum-associated bone disease.

Aluminum toxicity in dialysis patients is associated with decreased bone turnover and a relative parathyroid hormone (PTH) deficiency. Desferrioxamine (DFO), a chelating agent, has been reported to improve bone histology in aluminum associated, low turnover bone disease in dialysis patients not subjected to parathyroidectomy. Information on the effect of DFO therapy on parathyroid gland function is lacking. In the present study, in addition to changes in bone histology, parathyroid gland function was evaluated in 18 hemodialysis patients with aluminum associated, low turnover bone disease (osteomalacia and aplastic bone disease) before and after one year of DFO treatment (1 to 6 g/week). Parathyroid gland function was assessed by using a calcium free and high calcium (3.5 to 4 mEq/liter) hemodialysis bath.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aluminum↗
PubMed1989

Two syndromes of schizophrenic psychopathology associated with left vs. right temporal deficits in P300 amplitude. Four case reports.

In four schizophrenic patients, we examined the relationship between clinical course, including neuroleptic response, and the following biological and psychological measures: topography of the auditory P300 event-related potential, computerized tomography (CT), Andreasen's positive and negative symptom scales, the Thought Disorder Index, and a neuropsychological test battery. Two previous studies in our laboratory had shown that schizophrenic patients were differentiated from a matched normal control group by a left temporal scalp region deficit in P300 topography. This present report compares two schizophrenic patients with the typical left temporal P300 topography deficit with two schizophrenic patients with a right temporal P300 topography deficit. The two right temporal deficit patients had more positive symptoms, more thought disorder, more severely impaired functioning, earlier age of onset, poorer response to neuroleptic medications, more diffuse cognitive deficits on a neuropsychological testing battery, and poorer premorbid history than the two left temporal deficit patients. There was some evidence for the presence of more CT abnormalities suggestive of frontal lobe pathology in the right temporal deficit patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Focal glomerulosclerosis treated with heparin.

A boy with focal glomerulosclerosis as a result of nephrotic syndrome became unresponsive to corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide. He was given prolonged subcutaneous heparin with reduction in proteinuria, return of corticosteroid sensitivity, and no further deterioration (possibly improvement) in histological appearance. He remained completely well after five years.

Child↗
PubMed1989

High-dose, potentially myeloablative chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation for patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease.

Twenty three patients with Hodgkin's disease were treated with BCNU (carmustine), etoposide, and cyclophosphamide at doses of 450-600 mg/m2, 1500-2000 mg/m2, and 120 mg/kg respectively. Bone marrow refrigerated at 4 degrees C for 2-5 days or cryopreserved at -80 degrees C was used to reconstitute bone marrow function. The median age was 28 (range 16-48), and the median Karnofsky performance status was 70. Nineteen patients had progressive disease while on chemotherapy. The median number of prior regimens was three (1-7), and the median number of prior chemotherapy drugs was 10 (range 4-12). Ten patients had received at least two of the drugs used in this study and four had had all three. Indicator lesions included lung (10), peripheral lymph nodes (9), retroperitoneal nodes (8), liver (3), and chest wall masses (2). Ten patients achieved a complete remission (43.5%; 95% confidence limits 23-64%), and five patients had a partial remission (21.7%; 95% confidence limits 5-39%). The median duration of complete remission was 6 months (range 2-13+ months). Responses were shorter in duration for patients with primary refractory disease. Liver function abnormalities were noted in nine (39%) cases. Post transplant, the recovery time was 18 days (range 11-43) for WBC and 24 days (11-77) for platelets. Two patients died of septic episodes while neutropenic. The median number of RBC units used was seven (range 1-45). Ten patients had evidence of pulmonary dysfunction. In seven patients there was symptomatic improvement with steroid therapy, but three patients who were not treated with steroids died as a result of interstitial pneumonia. Future programs should consider bone marrow transplantation in patients with Hodgkin's disease earlier in the course of disease, at the time of minimal residual disease, and employ newer, potentially less toxic drugs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Fine mapping of chromosome 22 breakpoints within the breakpoint cluster region (bcr) implies a role for bcr exon 3 in determining disease duration in chronic myeloid leukemia.

The chromosomal translocation that fuses the phl gene with the c-abl proto-oncogene appears to be a pivotal step in the pathogenesis of some leukemias. In chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) the breakage within the phl gene is largely confined to a 5.8-kb segment referred to as the breakpoint cluster region (bcr). To determine whether the presence of specific bcr exons on the Philadelphia chromosome has any clinical significance, we have analyzed the bcr breakpoints in 134 patients with CML. As many as five probes were used in this analysis, including a synthetic oligonucleotide probe homologous to the bcr exon 3 (phl exon 14) region. The distribution of breakpoints indicates that, in fact, breakage is largely confined to a 3.1-kb segment lying between bcr exon 2 and exon 4 (phl exons 13-15). In 61 CML patients analyzed within 1 year of diagnosis, the distribution of breakpoints appeared to be random within the 3.1-kb region. However, a significant excess of 5' breakpoints was observed in the total population studied, consistent with previous data showing that patients with 3' breakpoints have shorter disease durations. Analysis using the bcr exon 3 sequence probe indicated it was probably the presence or absence of bcr exon 3 on the Philadelphia chromosome that accounts for some of the variability in disease duration seen in CML. The data suggest that the phl/abl protein product may influence the timing of the onset of blast crisis and imply a continuing role for this protein during the evolution of the disease.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1988

Spatial relationship of chromosomes 9 and 22 at metaphase in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML).

One hundred patients with Ph1-chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) with t(9;22) are included in the present investigation. The position of the Ph1 chromosome in relation to the normal as well as the abnormal chromosomes 9 was localized at metaphase in 1,000 bone-marrow cells. Our study suggests that the rearranged chromosomes, i.e., Ph1 and t(9;22), are closer together than their normal homologues. This impression is based on extensive statistical analysis. The intimate relationship may be due to the fact that they carry reciprocal genetic material responsible for a power of attraction between them. Alternatively, it is tempting to hypothesize that there may be a DNA sequence homology in the bands of chromosomes 9q and 22q involved in the reciprocal translocation perpetuating this relationship in subsequently generating cells during mitotic cell divisions. Furthermore, c-abl and bcr genes might play some role in maintaining the spatial relationship.

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22↗
PubMed1988

Nursing students' stereotypes of married and unmarried pregnant clients.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of information about a pregnant client's marital status on nursing students' initial perceptions of the client, attributions of group stereotypes to the client, predictions of client behavior, data sought, and verbal responses toward the client. Forty-three undergraduate nursing students from a large Midwestern university volunteered to participate. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups, the "married client" or "unmarried client." Subjects viewed a videotape of a nurse interviewing a pregnant client and were administered a series of questionnaires. Following this, they were asked to respond in writing to five statements made by the videotaped client. Videotapes were identical except that one group was told they were viewing an unmarried woman and the other group was told the client was married. Results indicated that students evaluated the married client more positively than the unmarried client. Students' perceptions were consistent with several cultural stereotypes. In addition, students predicted that, if hospitalized, the unmarried client would have greater difficulty than the married client. There were no differences between groups in the information they would seek from the client or in responses towards the client.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Clonal expansion after bone marrow transplantation in a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia.

A patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) having the standard [t(9;22), Ph] translocation is presented where the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome disappeared following bone marrow transplantation (BMT). The Ph chromosome reappeared in host cells after one year of stable hematologic remission. Three additional cell lines, all possessing the Ph chromosome with other abnormalities were consistently present in her marrow cells. Two years after BMT, ninety percent of her dividing bone marrow cells had become leukemic. The patient's clinical status remains unchanged, despite complex cytogenetic findings. The high incidence of multiple aberrant leukemic clones present in this case remains intriguing. Possible mechanisms for this unique transformation after BMT are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Origin of near-haploidy in malignant hematopoietic cells.

Hyperdiploidy is common in neoplastic diseases but severe hypodiploidy or near-haploidy is extremely rare. Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and blast phase of chronic myelocytic leukemia (BC/CML) are the two most common leukemias where metaphases with as low as 23 chromosomes have been reported. Recent studies have indicated that during the course of malignant development, cells undergo numerous changes, however, it is still not known whether malignant transformation proceeds or results from the near-haploid state. Retrospectively, we have examined 100 metaphases with chromosome counts of 23 to 35 in patients with CML who have not yet progressed to the blastic phase, to see whether such metaphases share any common characteristics with published cases. The unusual behavior of chromosomes 8, 17 and the presence of Ph-chromosomes in 85% of the cells are highly unique features in our study. These observations are compatible with those found in BC/CML patients reported earlier. Therefore, it is hypothesized that selective chromosome loss is a gradual phenomenon and one of these near-haploid clones may replace a diploid clone as the dominant component of the population during blast transformation. Several hypotheses are proposed as to the origin of such clones in malignant hematopoietic stem cells.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1988

Melphalan and prednisone plus total bone marrow irradiation as initial treatment for multiple myeloma.

Patients who have received radiation to localized areas of marrow eventually regenerate marrow in the irradiated area, if the dose is 2,400 centigrays (cGy) or less. This trial was designed to deliver a radiation dose of 1500 cGy to all marrow containing sites in patients with multiple myeloma, a technique we refer to as total bone marrow irradiation, or TBMI. Patients with previously untreated myeloma received 12 weeks of melphalan (L-PAM) and prednisone (pred) therapy. Four weeks later, sequential irradiation was administered using the 3-2 technique with rest periods to permit recovery from radiation-induced cytopenia. This was followed by electron beam irradiation of the rib and skull fields. Following completion of TBMI, patients were untreated until relapse. Twenty patients were entered. At entry 5, 8, and 7 patients had low, intermediate and high tumor cell loads, respectively. Two patients had a serum Ca in excess of 12 mg/dl; 3 had an increased creatinine. The median performance (ECOG) was 1. At week 16, immediately prior to TBMI, 5 of the 20 patients fulfilled the Myeloma Task Force criteria for response and 5 others had improved. Six patients did not begin the radiation therapy portion of the protocol. Three had rapidly progressive disease, one persistent leukopenia, one refused radiation therapy and one was withdrawn by his physician. Only 6 of the fourteen patients receiving the radiation treatment phase of the protocol were able to tolerate the intended course of 1500 cGy to all areas. Eight other patients received lower doses. Patients completing the radiation phase of the protocol failed to have further reductions in M-protein or improvement in other parameters beyond those obtained on the chemotherapy phase of the protocol. The median duration of response and survival was 12.0 and 42 months, respectively. We suggest possible reasons for the disappointing results of this trial and conclude that this approach to the primary treatment of myeloma holds little promise.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Production of a polyspecific human monoclonal antibody reacting with an epidermal antigen.

A clone of cells secreting an antibody to an epidermal antigen was generated from a patient with a blistering skin lesion. Although produced by fusion of human lymphocytes to a HAT-sensitive myeloma, this clone of cells did not have characteristics of a hybridoma. A true hybridoma was produced by fusion of this clone to a HATr/ouabain(r) myeloma line. The IgM antibody secreted by this clone reacted with the intercellular region of the epidermis of normal human skin in a manner similar to pemphigus autoantibodies. In addition, in normal human kidney the antibody bound to glomeruli and tubules. It also reacted with an antigen present in the cytoplasm of a wide variety of cell lines including epithelial, lymphoid and myeloid types. No reaction was found with the surface of any of the cell lines, nor with DNA or phospholipid antigens. This monoclonal antibody may define an autoantibody specificity which mediates some autoimmune skin lesions. Its polyspecificity is reminiscent of some other human hybridoma autoantibodies, and its reaction with components of the kidney suggests an alternative pathology for renal disease in such patients.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

A review of epidemiological studies of the health effects of living near or working with electricity generation and transmission equipment.

In the last ten years there has been increasing concern that the extremely low frequency (ELF), non-ionising electromagnetic fields emitted by electrical installations and equipment using alternating current at 50-60 Hertz might have long-term effects on health. Studies of the association between disease and residence near installations transmitting or generating electricity and studies of the health of workers in the electrical industry are reviewed. Most of the investigations relate to cancer, although other conditions such as outcome of pregnancy have been studied. The most consistent finding is that electrical workers appear to be at increased risk of leukaemia, especially acute myeloid leukaemia. The effect is small. Combining the results of eleven separate investigations suggests an 18% increase in the risk of leukaemia (RR = 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09-1.29) which is partly or wholly due to a 46% increase in the risk of acute myeloid leukaemia (RR = 1.46, 95% CI 1.27-1.65). It is not clear whether this increase is specific to certain types of work within the electrical industry. Nor is it possible to determine from the available data if the increase in leukaemia is due to electromagnetic fields or to other factors to which electrical workers are exposed. There is no clear association between cancer risk and residence near sources transmitting electricity, although some data suggest that there may be small increases in leukaemia in those living very close to the sources. The relationship between adverse outcome of pregnancy and exposure to sources of ELF electromagnetic fields needs further investigation. Studies of the possible effects of ELF electromagnetic fields on health are hampered by problems in measuring exposure and by the ubiquity of exposure in the community.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The effect of surgical debulking on the response of patients with ovarian carcinoma to chemotherapy.

The role of debulking surgery as an adjuvant to chemotherapy in advanced ovarian carcinoma was examined. Debulking surgery did not alter the overall response rate to chemotherapy. Surgical resection, though, was associated with an increased percentage of complete pathological remissions, particularly in patients receiving efficacious chemotherapy. Whether debulking surgery is causal or a prognostic factor remains conjectural.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Rett syndrome: a survey of North American patients.

Parents of 63 North American girls with Rett syndrome filled out retrospective questionnaires in a project of the International Rett Syndrome Association, a parent group. No consistent pattern was revealed of possible etiological factors related to environmental insults; however, additional information gathered supported a genetic etiology. The survey included one pair of identical twins and one child with consanguineous parents. There were 46 male sibs and 34 female sibs. These data weigh against any theory relating etiology to a gene on the X chromosome which is lethal to males in utero. Figures were gathered on a number of clinical items. These were: onset of symptoms between 6 and 18 months of age, 83%; autistic withdrawal, 73%; never walked independently, 23%; hyperventilators with abdominal swelling, 63%; night laughter, 83%. The average age of walking of those who walked was 19 months and the average onset of seizure disorders was between 3 1/2 and 4 years of age. This paper ends by discussing the limitations of a parent questionnaire.

Adolescent↗