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Biomedical subjects

M Cohen

Publications and source records attributed to M Cohen.

At least 1,009 records · Page 56Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

The effects of small-bowel resection or bypass on the rat skeleton.

The bones of adult rats became progressively osteopenic 1 to 5 weeks following jejunoileal bypass or resection. These changes were accompanied by increased levels of metaphyseal enzyme activities as well as by loss of histochemically identifiable osteoid. Osteoid tissue and the ability to mineralize skeletal collagen were recovered more rapidly and fully in the resection group than in the bypass group. Metaphyseal alkaline phosphatase concentrations increased in both groups coincident with the elevated lysosomal enzymes levels, and the skeletons showed a calcium deficit (low Ca/HOPr ratio) within the first 3 weeks. In resected rats the osteopenia and bone blood chemistry were consistent with hyperparathyroidism secondary to impared Ca absorption. In bypassed rats the results suggest that the osteopenia might be related to the release of a "resorptive factor" from the excluded intestinal segment.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1975

SI units.

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Chemistry, Clinical↗
PubMed1975

Clinical measurement in psychoanalysis: an approach.

Measurement of the complex phenomena in psychoanalysis is approached by defining interrelated elements in the analytic situation and specifying the range of their variation in scales which can be both generalized and made specific for an individual patient. Using this approach in transcripts of psychoanalytic sessions, we rate painful emotion, impairment of defensive maneuvers, and activation of threatening conflictual fantasies. This preliminary study involved rating of tape-recorded sessions by psychoanalytically oriented judges. Quantitative estimates appeared to relate in many ways to qualitative fluctuations in the patient's state. Such an approach may be helpful in developing more effective clinical theory about emotions, defensive processes, and transference fantasies.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[2 cases of respiratory assistance with a membrane oxygenator].

The authors report two cases of artificial ventilation with the assistance of a membrane oxygenator that was used, on the one hand, in the case of a 'malignant pneumopathy' and, on the other hand, in the case of a cardio-respiratory failure after a complete mending of a tetralogy of Fallot. Recovery was obtained in the second case. They specify the method and the watching of anti-coagulation. They insist upon the merit of a re-injection of oxygenated blood into the ascending aorta. They recall the necessity to lay down instructions according to very strict criteria, by taking into account the degree and the visceral repercussions of hypoxia and the reversibility of lung lesions in so far as it is a matter of a very heavy palliative therapy upon whose efficiency it is difficult to pass a judgment.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Human cardiac transplantation. Apropos of a case followed for more than 6 years].

A cardiac transplantation was performed on November 28, 1968. This was the only one undertaken at Marseilles. After a survival period, now exceeding 6 years, the patient has had an almost normal activity. The course of this patient, the follow-up elements, the incidents and complications during this period were analysed. It was insisted upon the interest of following up the coagulation tests for the preclinical detection of rejection or menacing rejection. Practically uninterrupted heparin treatment during the 6 years might have been an element for this prolonged survival.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1974

Greater frequency of viral respiratory infections in asthmatic children as compared with their nonasthmatic siblings.

A longitudinal clincal and microbiologic surveillance was conducted from October to May, 1971-72, on 16 children with infectious asthma and 15 of their nonasthmatic siblings. Asthmatic children experienced a significantly greater frequency of viral respiratory infections than did nonasthmatic ones (5.1 vs. 3.8 per subject). This increased incidence appeared to be largely the result of a greater number of rhinovirus infections. While respiratory infections of identical etiology that occurred concurrently in an asthmatic and his sibling were equivalent in severity, illnesses were longer (but not significantly so) in asthmatic children.

Asthma↗
PubMed1974

Epidemiological and biochemical studies on thiamine-less dwarf-colony variants of Staphylococcus aureus as etiological agents of bovine mastitis.

Dwarf-colony (D) variants of Staphylococcus aureus are relatively widespread etiological agents of bovine mastitis in Israel. D strains grow on ordinary solid nutrient media with pinpoint, transparent colonies. An epidemiological study indicated that these variants are more communicable than normal (N) S. aureus strains. Biochemically, several types of metabolic defects have been demonstrated among the D strains: strains from one herd were pantothenate-less, most of the other isolates were thiamine-less, and a few of them were both thiamine-and pantothenate-less. Among the thiamineauxotrophs were a few (from one herd) which were unable to concentrate thiamine-thiazole, whereas all of the other strains required thiamine-pyrimidine (HMP) in the form of pyrophosphate (HMP-PP). At least some of these D strains were defective in three functions: concentrative uptake of HMP, phosphorylation of HMP, and phosphorylation of HMP-monophosphate. Since mutants with normal growth occurred readily, we assumed that the information for these three functions exists on a polycistronic operon. Quantitative requirements for HMP-PP varied highly among the D strains, and other data also indicated that HMP-PP-requiring strains had not developed from a common source.

Animals↗