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Biomedical subjects

M Clark

Publications and source records attributed to M Clark.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Health Locus of Control in problem drinkers with and without liver disease.

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether patients who developed alcoholic liver disease have more awareness of the link between their behaviour and subsequent health than patients with non-alcoholic liver disease and people with drink problems with no liver disease. This study included three groups of patients, alcoholic liver disease (ALD) (n=57), non-alcoholic liver disease (n=77), and problem drinkers with no liver disease attending a London community day treatment centre (ACCEPT) (n=115). Health locus of control differentiates people into two groups, health externals who are individuals who maintain that their health is largely determined by external factors, as opposed to health internals, who believe that their behaviour plays a major role in determining their subsequent health or illness. The results of the Health Locus of Control (HLC) scale administered to the above subjects suggested that the ALD group had limited insight into the relationship between their drinking and subsequent liver disease, compared to the ACCEPT group. It is suggested that alcoholic liver disease patients receive counselling as part of their total management.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Collecting pressure ulcer prevention and management outcomes: 1.

This article, the first of two parts, presents the argument that a combination of efficacy and effectiveness is required to assess fully the impact of interventions such as pressure-redistributing beds and mattresses. The methodology adopted within a multinational, multicentre, prospective, non-randomized cohort study, designed to record the occurrence and characteristics of patients vulnerable to, or with, established pressure ulcers, is described. General demographic data and the characteristics of the pressure ulcers experienced by the 2507 UK subjects recruited to the study across four UK hospitals between July 1996 and May 1998 are presented, with pressure ulcers affecting 218 subjects of whom 100 presented with ulcers on admission to hospital. Fourteen subjects developed severe ulcers, while a further 24 were admitted with full-thickness pressure ulcers. The second part of this article will report further details of the characteristics of the UK sample. Future articles will consider the subjects examined in greater detail and will also discuss the combination of this dataset with similar data collected in the USA.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Collecting pressure ulcer prevention and management outcomes: 2.

The first part of this article (Vol 11(4): 230-8) outlined the argument that a combination of efficacy and effectiveness is required to assess fully the impact of interventions such as pressure-redistributing (PR) beds and mattresses. In addition, it described the methodology of this multinational, multicentre, prospective, non-randomized cohort study designed to record the occurrence and characteristics of patients vulnerable to, or with, established pressure ulcers. This article reports further details of the characteristics of the 2507 UK adult hospital patients recruited to the study. Over 40% (42% n = 1046) of all subjects were considered to be at an elevated risk of developing ulcers (Waterlow score of 15 or greater) (Waterlow, 1985). Many were inactive with 332 (13%) confined to bed alone with a further 262 (10%) confined to bed and their chair. Most (74% n = 1868) were nursed upon PR beds and mattresses, while fewer subjects were provided with a PR seat cushion (n = 547; 27%). Two hundred and fifty-seven subjects (10%) experienced at least one change of bed mattress during their stay in hospital, with two subjects being nursed on five different mattresses during their hospital stay.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Generation and ethnic identity: a typological analysis.

Data bearing on cognitive acculturation, ethnic behavior, and values were gathered from three generations of Mexican and Japanese Americans. Two dimensions of ethnic behavior were identified and named: Anglo Face and Traditional Orientation. Although subcultures and generations differed in value orientation, the values data did not contribute to the identification of ethnic identity types. Typological analysis using Anglo Face, Traditional Orientation, and Acculturative Balance Scale scores identified six types of ethnic identity, two for each generation. Immigrants differ mainly on whether or not they retain Traditional Orientation; later generations differ mainly on Anglo Face. Although there are large differences between generations in Acculturative Balance, the two types within each generation do not differ.

Acculturation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Repositioning to prevent pressure sores--what is the evidence?

The prevention of pressure sores by frequent repositioning of patients is a widely accepted practice. In this article, the author questions whether this should be so and suggests that there may be more effective ways of relieving pressure damage.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Wound care on the Internet.

With public attention firmly focused on 'web' topics, Michael Clark considers the current position and future direction of wound care in his guide to the Internet.

Europe↗