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Biomedical subjects

M C Marti

Publications and source records attributed to M C Marti.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Abdomino-perineal amputation: socio-occupational reintegration and late postoperative complications].

The major social, professional and organic sequelae of abdomino-peritoneal amputation are underestimated. A study covering 274 abdomino-perineal amputations performed between 1965 and 1981 served to determine the degree of social and professional reintegration in 64 patients who underwent surgery at age below 60. No patient was without sequelae. The leading complications are genital (87%) and urinary (30%). 65% of patients who had undergone surgery resumed work, but 26% were unable to work and are on national insurance. Specific "stoma care consultation" can help to reintegrate the patients who have undergone surgery and lessen their handicap by means, for example, of stoma irrigation.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

Antibiotic prophylaxis in large bowel surgery: results of a controlled clinical trial.

A prospective, randomized clinical trial was undertaken to compare the value of a combination of two antibiotics for the prevention of postoperative septic complications after large bowel surgery. In group I the patients received three doses daily for 2 days of 80 mg gentamicin and 600 mg clindamycin, intravenously. Patients in group II received three doses daily for 2 days of 80 mg gentamicin and 500 mg metronidazole. Antibiotic administration was started in the operating room before the surgical procedure. The two antibiotics were administered by separate venous routes. One hundred and seven patients were allocated to either one of the two groups. Both groups were equally matched for gender, age, and surgical procedure. Bacteriologic specimens were taken in the wound as soon as the peritoneum was closed. They were immediately incubated for identification by aerobic and anaerobic cultures and sensitivity determinations. Cultures of one or more organisms were positive in 63 of 107 specimens. There was no difference between the two groups. No death occurred as a result of intra-abdominal complication, no reoperation was required, and in no case did peritonitis occur. Six wound abscesses and three delayed stitch infections were observed: five in group I and two in group II. Five clinical anastomotic leakages were observed (5.1%): two in group I and three in group II. They did not require treatment and healed spontaneously. Furthermore, five radiologic anastomotic leakages were present in 45 patients who received a control barium enema. No side effects were noted with metronidazole of with clindamycin. No clinical evidence of ototoxicity or nephrotoxicity was observed in patients receiving gentamicin. There is no statistically significant clinical difference between the combination of gentamicin and metronidazole or gentamicin and clindamycin. Both combinations are effective in preventing wound sepsis in large bowel surgery. Metronidazole and clindamycin were equally effective in preventing postoperative anaerobic infections. No resistance of anaerobic organisms to metronidazole was observed.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Pharmacokinetic study of a cephalosporin: cefoperazone in patients with a Kehr drain].

Cefoperazone is a semi-synthetic cefalosporine for parenteral use which has an excellent activity against a wide range of grampositive and gramnegative bacteria, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter, Proteus indole positive and Serratia marcescens. The pharmacokinetics of the new antibiotic have been studied in patients who had undergone cholecystectomy and choledochotomy for lithiasis and who required T-tube drainage of the bile duct. Five patients were anicteric and one was icteric. Mean serum concentration of cefoperazone determined by a microbiological method) measured after a two-hour intravenous perfusion of 2 g cefoperazone was 198.6 microgram/lm; this level is higher than the mean level measured in normal subjects (134 microgram/ml) but lower than the mean level measured in patients with hepatic insufficiency (208 microgram/ml). Apparent half life of elimination was longer (mean 4.1 hours) in the patients than in controls (mean 1.6 hours) and compares with that of patients with hepatic insufficiency (mean 4.3 hours). The distribution volume and renal clearance are similar to that in healthy volunteers and patients with hepatic insufficiency. Extrarenal clearance of cefoperazone was significantly lower in our patients (15.8 ml/min), as it is in patients with hepatic insufficiency (7.3 ml/min), than in the control group (59.4) ml/min). Cefoperazone concentrations in the bile were 10-20 times higher than those in the serum; in the icteric patient the concentrations achieved were still higher than the MIC values for organisms commonly encountered in the bile. These results open the way to the use of cefoperazone to treat infectious biliary diseases, particularly angiocholitis, which need a high biliary antibiotic concentration.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Colonic volvulus].

A study of 62 cases of acute volvulus of the colon occurring in 45 patients is reported. A plan of management is discussed. Thanks to early diagnosis and treatment the mortality rate was improved and compares favourably with data in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Follow-up of patients operated on for diverticular diseases].

Clinical follow-up of 118 patients who had undergone emergency of elective large bowel resection for diverticular disease proves that surgery prevents recurrences of acute diverticular disease and is curative of the complications of the disease. No reoperation was necessary for complications of diverticulitis. Healing was achieved subjectively and objectively in 44.9% of patients. Wound healing defects are, however, too frequent. Large bowel motility disorders were present in 55.1% of our cases; they can be corrected by dietetic and pharmacologic measures.

Diverticulum, Colon↗
PubMed1981

[Therapy of purulent peritonitis. Documentation of 78 cases and experience with taurolin (author's transl)].

From three different surgical departments 78 patients with purulent peritonitis are analyzed according to cause, origin, and extent of peritonitis. Operative therapy is presented. As additional antibacterial therapy the new chemotherapeutic agent, Taurolin, with antiendotoxin-effect is used. The postoperative course (temperature exceeding 38 degrees C, secondary wound healing, day of discharge, and serious complications) is correlated with pre- and intraoperative parameters; for instance, 1. postoperative fever occurs in one half of the patients, more frequently following perforation of stomach and duodenum; 2. every second patient shows secondary wound healing, this happens even more often in peritonitis arising from biliary disease or appendicitis; 3. in 29.5% of the patients serious complications arise, especially in patients with peritonitis originating in stomach, small intestine or large bowel; 4. overall mortality of 11.5% is surpassed in patients with peritonitis originating from small intestine or large bowel. The so-called peritonitis-index (calculated on the basis of pre- and intraoperative factors) shows a significant difference between survivors and patients dying during the postoperative course. In 80% of the 78 patients with purulent peritonitis taurolin was effective as a substitute for the usual antibiotics.

Adult↗