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Biomedical subjects

M Burke

Publications and source records attributed to M Burke.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Sample size determination for bioequivalence assessment using a multiplicative model.

In bioequivalence studies Cmax and AUC serve as the primary pharmacokinetic characteristics of rate and extent of absorption. Based on pharmacokinetic relationships and on empirical evidence, the distribution of these characteristics corresponds to a multiplicative model, which implies a logarithmic normal distribution in the case of a parametric analysis. Hence, consideration is given to exact and approximate formulas of sample sizes in the case of a multiplicative model.

Methods↗
PubMed1992

Fatal necrotizing esophagitis due to Penicillium chrysogenum in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Although blue-green molds of the genus Penicillium are ubiquitous in the human environment, invasive penicilliosis is uncommon and primarily encountered among immunosuppressed patients. A patient with HIV infection who died of severe necrotizing esophagitis caused by Penicillium chrysogenum is reported and the relevant English language literature on human penicilliosis is reviewed. Although infectious esophagitis is commonly associated with AIDS, Penicillium esophagitis has not been described in such patients.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1992

Spinal cord infarction caused by cartilage embolus to the anterior spinal artery.

Cartilaginous embolization of spinal vessels is a rare cause of spinal cord infarction. A 63-year-old woman developed sudden onset of painful, fatal paraparesis following a valsalva-like maneuver. Autopsy demonstrated recent nonhemorrhagic infarction of the caudal thoracic spinal cord secondary to complete occlusion of the anterior spinal artery by cartilage. The literature pertaining to 28 previously reported cases is briefly reviewed.

Cartilage↗
PubMed1992

Behavioural, biochemical and histological effects of trimethyltin (TMT) induced brain damage in the rat.

To assess the nature and extent of behavioural, biochemical and histological changes induced by trimethyltin (TMT), rats were treated with a single injection of TMT over a dose range of 6, 7 and 8 mg/kg i.p. Behavioural observations were performed at a minimum of 21 days after the administration of TMT. The behavioural consequences of TMT were hyperactivity in the open-field test, increased locomotor activity and deficits in passive and active avoidance behaviour, T-maze alternation and Morris Water Maze behaviour. The behavioural changes were dose dependent and were accompanied by a degree of pathological damage to the hippocampal pyramidal cells which was particularly apparent at the highest dose. The main biochemical effects of TMT involved deficits in the serotonergic and GABA-ergic systems and a decrease in M1 and M2 binding sites in the hippocampus. These results suggest that the toxic interaction of TMT with the hippocampus and other limbic brain regions may be responsible for its effect on learning and memory.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Vertical changes in high-angle Class II, division 1 patients treated with cervical or occipital pull headgear.

Before, after, and 2 years after treatment serial radiographs of two samples of patients with high mandibular plane angle Class II, Division 1 nonextraction who were treated were evaluated retrospectively. One sample comprised patients treated with cervical headgear (CHG), and the other was treated with occipital headgear (OPHG). No significant differences were found when mandibular plane angle or facial height changes, anterior or posterior, were compared. Regarding vertical changes, only maxillary molar height, relative to both sella-nasion and palatal plane, and occlusal plane angle changes were significantly different when cervical and occipital-pull headgear were compared. In both groups of patients, responses to treatment were highly variable and only subtle vertical differences were apparent between mean changes in the cervical and occipital-pull samples.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia: the clinical and radiological features of seven cases and a review of the literature.

The clinical and radiological features of seven cases of bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) are presented and the literature is reviewed. Six of these cases were idiopathic, one patient had rheumatoid arthritis. Detailed respiratory function tests were available in four cases and showed a restrictive defect with impaired gas transfer. The majority of chest radiographs showed consolidation with no zonal preponderance. One case with unilobar consolidation was mistaken for malignancy. Another case with interstitial shadowing was thought to have cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis. In those cases with consolidation, it was mainly peripheral. Six of the cases showed good response to oral steroid therapy. Open lung biopsy was the principal means by which tissue was obtained for diagnosis. BOOP should be included in the differential diagnosis of multifocal consolidation. The condition is usually responsive to steroid therapy, so it is important to confirm the diagnosis histologically.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Somatic therapy for major depressive disorder: selection of an antidepressant.

Major depressive disorder is a major health concern. It adversely affects the patient, the family, and society. While the consequences can be devastating and life-threatening, this condition has an excellent prognosis when properly identified and treated. Somatic therapy plays a pivotal role in inducing and maintaining a remission and preventing recurrent attacks. There are now five major classes of antidepressants which differ in terms of their clinical spectra of antidepressant activity, their safety and tolerability, their likelihood of pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interactions with concomitantly prescribed drugs, ease of administration, and physician confidence, which is in large measure a reflection of the extent and quality of their human exposure database. The proper selection and management of antidepressant pharmacotherapy is based on an understanding of these differences.

1-Naphthylamine↗
PubMed1991

Hospitals voice concerns over details of rural network plan.

In a broad new effort to stimulate rural hospital care delivery, the Health Care Financing Administration is funding demonstration projects that could "grow" health care networks in remote areas. But providers are cautious about participating in the Essential Access Community Hospital (EACH) program until final rules are published.

Health Planning Support↗