Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Brandt

Publications and source records attributed to M Brandt.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Peculiarities of cavernous hemangiomas in childhood].

Cavernous angiomas are histologically benign hamartomas, showing no potential for metastasis. Clinically, patients present with convulsions, haemorrhage or signs of mass effect. Although many cases exhibit calcifications on X-ray examination, computed tomography is the main diagnostic instrument, resulting in a rise in the number of cases often not detected by angiography and enabling earlier diagnosis in much younger patients. Early diagnosis is imperative, since patients are otherwise exposed to the continuing threat of rupture of the vascular anomalies. Since cavernous angiomas are operable, prognosis is usually good.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Toxicology screening in acute spinal cord injury.

The validity of self-reported intoxication at time of spinal cord injury (SCI) was examined for 88 cases at admission to an acute SCI center by comparing self-reports with serum and urine analyses. Serum ethanol greater than 50 mg/dl was the most frequently found substance (observed in 40% of the cases) followed by urine analysis evidence of cocaine (14%), cannabinoids (8%), benzodiazipines (5%), and opiates (4%). Evidence of substances with abuse potential was found in urine for 35% of the sample. While 62% of the sample had either serum ethanol greater than 50 mg/dl or a positive urine analysis, only 42% of the sample reported being under the influence of some substance at the time of SCI. Although the relationship between these two measures was statistically significant, self-report and toxicology analyses were discordant in 34% of the cases. These results suggest that routine drug testing at admission to an SCI center will produce both false-negative and false-positive results if substance presence alone is interpreted as evidence of intoxication.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Septic shock with multiple organ failure in the trauma surgery intensive care unit].

Septicaemia was recorded from 17 in 160 cases of multiple trauma. The classical signs of clinical sepsis were found to be no early markers. However, alveolar, cellular, and humoral alterations were recordable from broncho-alveolar lavage fluid four days prior to clinical manifestation of septicaemia. Early and late phases of septicaemia, too, could be differentiated from each other by alveolar alterations.

Acute-Phase Reaction↗
PubMed1987

Inhibition of 3(17)beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas testosteroni by steroidal A ring fused pyrazoles.

Several 2,3- and 3,4-steroidal fused pyrazoles have been investigated as potential inhibitors of NAD(P)H-dependent steroid oxidoreductases. These compounds are proven to be potent, specific inhibitors for 3(17) beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas testosteroni with Ki values of 6-100 nM. In contrast, the activities of 3 alpha,20 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from Streptomyces hydrogenans, steroid 5 alpha-reductase from rat prostate, and 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from rat liver were unaffected by micromolar concentrations of these compounds. Product and dead-end inhibition studies indicate an ordered association to the beta-dehydrogenase with the cofactor binding prior to substrate or inhibitor. From the results of double inhibition experiments, it is proposed that inhibition occurs through formation of an enzyme-NAD+-inhibitor ternate. On the basis of pH profiles of Vm/Km, Vm, and 1/Ki and of absorbance difference spectra, a hypothetical mechanism of inhibition by the steroidal pyrazoles, drawn by analogy from the inhibition of liver alcohol dehydrogenase by alkylpyrazoles [Theorell, H., & Yonetani, T. (1963) Biochem. Z. 338, 537-553; Andersson, P., Kvassman, J. K., Lindström, A., Oldén, B., & Pettersson, G. (1981) Eur. J. Biochem. 113, 549-554], is reconsidered. The pH studies and enzyme modification experiments by diethyl pyrocarbonate suggest the involvement of histidine in binding of the inhibitor. A modified proposal for the structure of the enzyme-NAD+-steroidal pyrazole complex is proposed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1987

[Moyamoya syndrome in neuroanesthesia].

Cerebrovascular moyamoya, occurring as a result of a sudden cerebrovascular insufficiency, represents an occlusive process - usually bilateral - at the termination of the internal carotid artery and the circulus arteriosus cerebri (circle of Willis). In this disease, a web of small collateral blood vessels in the post-stenotic area is seen in carotid angiography. We report on a female of 35 years of age with moyamoya confirmed by cerebral angiography whose anamnesis was typical of the condition. Surgical treatment consisted of anastomosis from the left superficial temporal artery to a cortical artery to enhance blood flow through the moyamoya network on the left side. The anaesthetic procedure followed by us is presented as an example of anaesthetic management of all surgical interventions in patients with moyamoya. The following factors are considered to be important: Avoidance of hypertensive as well as of hypotensive phases normoventilation; sufficient protection against mental stress; closely meshed long-term supervision. (In German literature, the "moyamoya syndrome" is also known as Nishimoto-Takeuchi-Kudo-Suzuki's-disease).

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Total hip replacement with Müller prosthesis and ICLH double cup. 2- to 6-year results of a prospective comparative study.

A prospective comparative study was made of patients in the age-group 60-79 years with osteoarthritis of the hip treated with the Müller total hip prosthesis (n = 155) and the ICLH double-cup prosthesis (n = 149). The patients were comparable with regard to sex, mean age, and body weight, and the preoperative radiographic appearance of the hips was th same in the two groups. The mean operating time was significantly shorter in the Müller group, whereas the operative blood loss and the operative complications were statistically equal. No deep infections occurred in either group. The incidence of systemic complications was low and no difference between the two groups was seen. The patients are followed up for an average of 48.5 months (range: 27-75 months). Dramatic improvement in hip function was seen postoperatively in both prosthetic groups. The Müller group had more favorable ratings than the ICLH group for pain, walking ability, hip motion, and total hip score at all follow-ups, from 3 weeks to 5 years after the operation. However, the differences were rather small and did not reach a significant level at any registration. The acetabular radiolucent zones and heterotopic bone formation were statistically equal in the two groups. No revision operations have been done in the Müller group. Two Müller prostheses have shown radiographic signs of mechanical loosening. Thirteen ICLH prostheses (8.7%)--all in female patients--have been reoperated (P less than 0.001), 12 owing to mechanical loosening and one because of pain and stiffness.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Ultrasound-guided fine needle puncture of the abdominal organs: indications, results, risks].

2072 patients underwent ultrasonically guided fine-needle biopsy. 1384 patients could be assessed with regard to the final diagnosis. 854 patients underwent fine-needle biopsy of the liver, 322 of the pancreas and 218 of retroperitoneal lesions. The effective sampling rate was 97% for liver biopsies, 86% for pancreas biopsies and 87% for the biopsy of the retroperitoneum. The sensitivity for the detection of malignancies was 90% in liver biopsies, 69% in pancreatic biopsies and 85% in biopsies of the retroperitoneum. The specificity of cytological findings was 100%. Complications occurred in 13 cases. There were two fatalities due to of bleeding, resulting in a complication rate of 0.6% and a lethality of 0.1% of all biopsied patients. The biopsy of the liver proved most dangerous with a complication rate of 1.4%. The bleeding risk of a haemangioma (2.5%) was nearly the same as the bleeding risk of a malignant liver tumour (1.5%).

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

Quinolones affect thymidine incorporation into the DNA of human lymphocytes.

The incorporation of [3H]thymidine into DNA was increased in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated human lymphocytes exposed to four of the new quinolone derivatives (ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, and A 56620) at concentrations achievable in clinical situations. However, proliferation of phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes was not influenced by ciprofloxacin at concentrations of 0.5 to 10 micrograms/ml.

DNA↗
PubMed1986

The manganese(II) economy of rat hepatocytes.

The liver is known to play a central role in regulating the content of manganese in the rat. Experiments with isolated hepatocytes have demonstrated a specific high-affinity transport system for Mn(II). Manganese that is transported into hepatocytes is partitioned between the cytosol and noncytosolic compartments. The cytosolic ion is tightly bound by macromolecules. After uptake of Mn(II), incubation of hepatocytes in the absence of Mn(II) or in the presence of chelating agents fails to release the metal unless the plasma membrane is disrupted.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the leptomeninx. Clinical, neuroradiological and pathological aspects.

Report of an eight-year-old boy presenting with untreatable focal epilepsy and slowly progressing hemiparesis combined with personality changes. Continuous diagnostic efforts eventually resulted in the diagnosis of a primary intracranial rhabdomyosarcoma several months later. The delay in making the correct diagnosis was due to the fact that the malignant process originated as a diffuse involvement of the leptomeninx, and only in later stages a tumor mass developed. Nosology and histogenesis of primary intracranial rhabdomyosarcomas are discussed.

Arachnoid↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical and therapeutic aspects of pelvic vein thrombosis in pregnancy and puerperium].

Deep pelvic thrombophlebitis means a severe complication of pregnancy and puerperium and requires an adequate well-timed treatment. Over a period of 10 years 32 pregnant women with thrombosis of deep pelvic veins have been attended. Treatment of choice is the application of heparin in adequate high dosage. Therapy by streptokinase is indicated in individual case only. 90 per cent of our cases treated in this way have successfully been cured.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Differing postnatal development of the somatostatin- and luliberin- systems in the male and female rat.

By means of light-microscopic immunohistochemistry the perikarya of the luliberin-(LRF-) and somatostatin systems of neonate rats were found to be in differing stages of development. At a time point when the LRF-producing neurons had obviously attained their final shape and size, the somatostatin-immunoreactive perikarya were still in a postnatal phase of maturation. Whereas the number of the latter perikarya increases with advancing age, the number of LRF-immunoreactive perikarya decreases significantly from postnatal day 7 onward. Both peptide-hormone systems do not project concomitantly and to the same extent to their principal neurohemal regions in the organum vasculosum laminae terminalis (OVLT) and the median eminence (ME). In all presently studied stages of development, despite considerable individual variations in one age group, among the components of the LRF-system the OVLT displays a more intense immunoreactivity than the ME. The somatostatin system, however, projects to the OVLT with a conspicuous temporal delay compared to the ME, and, furthermore, in the OVLT the pattern of immunoreactivity characteristic of adult rats is not yet attained at postnatal day 21. Evidence for differences in the immunoreactivity between male and female animals was restricted to the LRF-system. Finally, the results obtained on the stria terminalis speak in favour of the fact that the long-range extrahypothalamic projections of the somatostatin system also undergo postnatal maturation. In the stria terminalis, somatostatin-immunoreactive fibers can be demonstrated initially on postnatal day 7. They attain their full immunoreactivity on postnatal day 21. Furthermore, in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis an intermittent cytoplasmic immunoreactivity is observed, which is limited to the animals of postnatal day 7 and disappears completely during the further course of development.

Animals↗