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Biomedical subjects

M Boiron

Publications and source records attributed to M Boiron.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Survey of anthracyclines derivatives in haematology (author's transl)].

Anthracyclines, such as daunorubicin (DNR), rubidazone (RBD) and adriamycin (ADR) are intercalating drugs used in cancer chemotherapy. They inhibit synthesis of DNA and RNA, break DNA and inhibit mitochondrial oxidative chain. Their antitumoral experimental activities depend upon type of drug, tumor and route of administration. After i.v. administration, the drug is present in all tissues except central nervous system. Its disappearance from the plasma is biphasic with a long terminal half life, justifying intermittent chemotherapy. Anthracyclines metabolism occurs mainly in liver micrososomes, and 90% metabolites are excreted in the bile. The main toxicity is cardiac, as a congestive heart failure which appears when a cumulated drug dose is overcome. In man only, a few derivatives have been studied, compounds with activity and no cardiotoxicity are still in research. Action of malignancies depends on type of derivative. We use DNR since 1967, it is a remarkable active drug in induction treatment of AML, it is the only active drug on acute promyelocytic leukemia, and it increases number of remissions in all of adult patients and severe forms of children ALL. Adriamycin (ADR) is active on solid tumors (osteosarcoma, breast and thyroid cancers) and lymphomas. With rubidazone (RBD) we obtain 2/3 of remissions in acute monoblastic leukemia, and it is easier to use than DNR and equally active on AML. RBD is also active on severe cases of lymphomas (lymphosarcomas and Hodgkin's disease). A new compound DEA 14 DNR seems interesting: experimental antitumor activity is high (compared to DNR, RBD and ADR) and it appears to possess activity on solid tumors in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[The action of antilymphocyte serum in severe aplastic anemia (author's transl)].

The etiology of aplastic anemia is unknown. A stem cell lesion caused by a toxic or a virus or a microenvironment defect are the main hypothesis. An auto-immune origin has been recently suspected but never proved. To demonstrate the auto-immune origin of the disease. We have treated 17 patients with severe aplastic anemia with antilymphocyte serum (ALS). Nine patients showed no improvement and seven patients died within two months of infectious or hemorrhagic complications. In contrast, eight patients had a prompt rise of granulocytes and reticulocytes counts. Although the hematological reconstitution is not complete. This eight patients are still alive between 4 months and 15 months after treatment. This study shows that A.L.G. may have a beneficial effect in the treatment of patients with severe aplastic anemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Prognosis and treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Study of 650 patients.

The complete hematological remission (CHR) rate, duration of remission and survival were studied in relation to age, peripheral blast cell (PBC) count, presence or absence of tumor masses, cytological type, and treatment in 650 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Prognostic factors were considered separately and divided into prognostic classes. Age and PCB count correlated with both the rate and the duration of CHR. This correlation was still observed for more recent treatment schedules though it appears to be becoming progressively less significant. Meningeal relapses were more common in patients less than 1 year old and in those with a high PCB count. It is suggested that stratification of patients according to such factors as age, PCB count, presence or absence of tumor, and cytological type might be necessary for the design of new treatment protocols and for the evaluation of their results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Characterization of the viral-type nucleotide sequences detected in the RNA of human leukaemic cells by probes of murine and simian origins (author's transl)].

Molecular hybridization techniques were used for searching nucleic acid sequences homologous to murine and simian oncornaviral genomes in the RNA of various categories of human leukaemic cells. We report attempts to characterize the sequences that were detected in defined categories of leukemias. It is shown that: i) although there is some correlation between the two probes used in our study with regard to the positivity or the negativity of the tests for the same leukaemic cases, there are also some discrepancies since some of the cases are positive with one probe and negative with the other; ii) the common sequences of the two probes when isolated, were ineffective to detect any complementary sequences in leukemic cases which were scored as positive when the entire probes were used; iii) the complementary sequences detected in three positive cases of acute myelogenous leukemias by a recycled probe are additive and therefore most probably distributed along the viral genome.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Treatment of severe aplastic anemia with antilymphocyte globulin and androgens.

The etiology of aplastic anemia is unknown. A stem cell lesion caused by a toxin, virus or microenvironment defect is the main hypothesis. An autoimmune origin has been recently suspected. In an attempt to demonstrate the autoimmune origin of the disease, 17 patients with severe aplastic anemia were treated with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG). Nine patients showed no improvement, developed infectious or hemorrhagic complications and died within 1 to 7 months. In contrast, eight patients had a prompt rise of granulocyte and reticulocyte counts. Although the hematological reconstitution is not complete, these eight patients are still alive between 11 months and 24 months after treatment. This study shows that ALG may have a beneficial effect in the treatment of patients with severe aplastic anemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Multiplication of murine C-type viruses in mouse teratocarcinoma cell lines].

The host-virus interactions of several murine C type viruses with cell lines established in vitro from a mouse teratocarcinoma were studied. The cells used in this study were the multipotential stem cells, or embryonal carcinoma cells, and the differentiated cells derived from a same tumor.

AKR murine leukemia virus↗
PubMed1977

[Allogenic bone marrow grafts (author's transl)].

Bone marrow transplantation is a major therapeutic approach for treatment of patients with severe aplastic anemia or acute leukemia refractory to chemotherapy. It is possible only if an HLA matched sibing is found. ABO compatibility is not necessary. The conditionning regimen includes high doses of cyclophosphamide associated or not with a 1 000 rads total body irradiation. In acute leukemia, the two year percentage survival is 17%, in aplastic anemia it is 40%. Complications are immunologic : rejection, graft versus host disease and persistent severe immune deficiency.

Bone Marrow Cells↗
PubMed1977

[Automatic analysis of gastrographies by means of optical digital equipment (author's transl)].

The present paper is concerned with problems of automatic analysis of radiograms, specially cinegastrographies. This study is connected with the utilisation of an interactive system including optical digitizer with its units of control and visualization. This system can explore the radiologic film in its current size of 30 X 40 cm. The particular interest of this application is extracting several parameters characterizing the size and the shape of the stomach. A middle axis can be extracted by computing, from this one a spatio-temporal diagram can be obtained. From this methodology of representation, several states of gastric motility could be characterized.

Analog-Digital Conversion↗
PubMed1976

Clinical study of rubidazone (22 050 R.P.), a new daunorubicin-derived compound, in 170 patients with acute leukemias and other malignancies.

Rubidazone was used as sole chemotherapy in 170 adults and children with acute leukemia and sarcoma. When rubidazone was employed to treat the first attack, complete remission was achieved in : 1) 40 out of 70 patients (57%) with AML; 2) two out of six patients with AML where previous chemotherapy had failed; 3) four out of five patients with ALL; 4) 12 out of 14 patients with acute monoblastic leukemia. When used to treat relapse, rubidazone produced complete remission in : 1) 14 out of 31 cases of AML; 2) 18 out of 39 cases of ALL; 3) 2 out of 3 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Treatment of a case of rhabdomyosarcoma was unsuccessful. In the treatment of acute myeloblastic and monoblastic leukemias, it may be concluded that rubidazone induces a higher rate of complete remission than any other previously reported drug which was used alone. It also achieves remission rates similar to those resulting from a combination of daunorubicin and Ara-C. Furthermore, when compared with daunorubicin, rubidazone allows better control of the induction of aplasia.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1975

[Isoelectric variants of the principal polypeptide (p 30) of different strains of murine oncornaviruses].

The major murine oncornavirus polypeptide p 30 (30,000 daltons), which bears the conventional group-specific (gs) determinants, can be separated by isoelectric focusing into four classes, with isoelectric points (pI) of 5.5, 5.9, 6.7 and 7.1. All the Moloney stocks tested have a pI 5.9 p 30, while p 30's with three to four different pI values are found to coexist in other stocks, with the pI 6.7 form predominating in Gross virus stocks.

Friend murine leukemia virus↗