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Biomedical subjects

M Boiron

Publications and source records attributed to M Boiron.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Clinical trials with diglycoaldehyde (NSC-118994): review and reasons for withdrawal from clinical trial.

All Phase II studies with diglycoaldehyde with leukemia and solid tumors have been reviewed. The dose schedules employed ranged from 1.5 to 2.0 g/m2/day for 3 to 5 days. The most common side effects have been gastrointestinal (nausea and vomiting), which occurred in 22% of the patients. Renal toxicity (rise in BUN, creatinine, and urinary proteins) was seem in 17% of the patients treated. Other infrequent toxicities include hypocalcemia (9%) and local complications such as phlebitis. Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, positive Coombs' test and impairment in coagulation profile were also reported. In contrast to the hints of therapeutic efficacy described during Phase I trials, in phase II trials no activity was noted among 96 patients with solid tumors and only minimal antileukemic action among 49 other patients. These disappointing Phase II trials coupled with prominent toxicities have prompted the decision to terminate further clinical testing. This report summarizes all clinical observations as an example of circumstances which curtail clinical testing of anticancer drugs.

Aldehydes↗
PubMed1980

[Acute monoblastic leukaemia. Clinical data and therapeutic results in 74 patients (author's transl)].

Seventy-four patients with acute pure monoblastic leukaemia treated between 1970 and 1978 were studied retrospectively. The disease was usually hyperleucocytic and tumoral in character. It occurred with equal frequency in subjects of both sexes and at all ages, with peaks at the two extremes of life. Rubidazone gave a high percentage (75%) of complete remissions, but the prognosis remained sombre, with a mean survival time of 200 days. The incidence of meningeal relapses was reduced by prophylactic measures at central nervous system level, but gingival and cutaneous relapses were frequent. The possibility of bettering the present modest therapeutic results by more intensive chemotherapy is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Biochemical characterization of endogenous type C virus information in differentiated and undifferentiated murine teratocarcinoma-derived cell lines.

Undifferentiated teratocarcinoma cells express sixfold-higher levels of endogenous xenotropic type C virus-related RNA than differentiated cells. Three species of polyadenylated viral RNA (35S, 24S, and 14S) have been identified in the undifferentiated teratocarcinoma cells. Paradoxically, neither viral particles nor viral proteins have been detected in these cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

5-Fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and mitomycin (FAM) combination chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer.

Sixty-two patients with advanced measurable gastric cancer were treated with a combination chemotherapy program of 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and mitomycin (FAM). Forty-two percent of patients achieved an objective partial response. The median duration of remission was 9 months and the median survival for responding patients, 12.5 months. The median survival for nonresponding patients was 3.5 months; all patients were dead by 8 months after initiation of therapy. The median survival of all 62 patients treated with FAM was 5.5 months. An analysis of possible prognostic variables including initial performance status, resectability of the primary gastric tumor, and histologic differentiation of the neoplasm failed to account for differences in patient response and survival. The FAM regimen was well tolerated, producing only moderate bone marrow suppression. These results show that patients with metastatic gastric cancer can be effectively palliated with FAM chemotherapy. The efficacy of this regimen should now be tested in patients with less advanced stages of this disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Acute monoblastic leukemia: a clinical and biologic study of 74 cases.

Seventy-four cases of pure acute monoblastic leukemia (AMol) have been retrospectively studied. All patients were treated at Hospital Saint-Louis between 1970 and 1978. Diagnosis was based on morphological and cytochemical features according to the FAB classification. This type of leukemia occurred at any age and in both sexes, with a high frequency of extramedullary involvements. Hyperleukocytosis was very frequent and was significantly correlated with increased blood and urine levels of lysozyme, with renal failure and hypokalemia, and with coagulation abnormalities. AMol still has a poor prognosis, despite a best remission rate (75%) obtained with rubidazone, since the duration of complete remission was short. Central nervous irradiation prolonged remission and prevented meningeal relapses, while 6 meningeal relapses occurred in the patients not irradiated. The high frequency of the extramedullary relapses, including gum and skin, emphasized the question of persistant blast cell sanctuaries after achievement of bone marrow remissions. A more intensive induction with several drugs active against monoblasts could be more efficient and prolong the duration of complete remissions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Acute leukemia in childhood: present status of 100 cases after 7 years of complete remission (author's transl)].

Amongst 1,200 leukemie children treated between 1958 and 1971, 60 are in complete remission for more than 10 years and 100 for more than 7 years. There were 96 acute lymphoid and 4 acute myeloid leukemias. Ten patients who have relapsed in the past have not done so lately. The F/M sex ratio is 1.5. Poor prognostic features were initially absent in 2/3 of cases. In 1/3 there was associated hyperleucocytosis and/or tumours. 93 children are in remission, their treatment having been stopped for 1 to 12 years. Five children relapsed and 4 are in a second remission for more than 2 years. Two children died in remission: one from a hepatocarcinoma and one from cardiac failure. These patients have been shown to have the following: 1) normal growth; 2) normal puberty: 8 patients have been able to reproduce, giving 10 children, one with multiple malformations; 3) school achievement and later socioprofessional behaviour has been normal. The patients have often sought a medical or paramedical career. Sequelae are minimal, psychological problems being minimal in the child. With the protocols used, mean remission curve shows a plateau after 9 years and complete definitive care is achieved in 92 per cent of patients surviving at 7 years. The very distant future outlook is not known. No other malignant haematological disease has occurred but one child died from a carcinoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Quantitative cineradiologic study of antral motility].

The quantitative determination of antral motility from X-ray pictures was studied in 12 normal fasting subjects whose average age was 25. A sequence of 10 pictures was obtained while the subjects were lying prone, in apnea during 30 sec, and after drinking a barium sulfate suspension. The sinus and antral surfaces were quantitatively determined by a videoplanimeter. The antral area decreased from a relaxed state to 50 p. 100 in 10.4 +/- 2.8 sec and completed emptying in 23.1 +/- 3.6 sec. The maximal surface included a portion of the sinus and was evaluated in a range of 5.5 to 12 cm2. The relaxed period was very short. A coefficient to evaluate the contractile efficiency of the antrum is given by the product of total surface variation per gastric period.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Complete remission of acute leukemia for more than seven years. A report on 100 children (author's transl)].

A total of 1200 children were treated for leukemia between 1958 and 1971, and 100 of these cases have had an uninterrupted remission for more than seven years: 10 children who relapsed at an early stage have had no further relapses; 93 are alive and in remission after discontinuation of treatment for between 1 and 12 years. Five of the children relapsed and four of these are in remission again. Two children died, one from a hepatocarcinoma and the other after cardiac failure of late onset. A study of these children showed that: 1 - growth rate was normal, 2 - puberty occurred at a normal age, and procreation was possible as 10 children were born from parents who had recovered after having leukemia, 3 - school-work and subsequent social and occupational behaviour were satisfactory, 4 - late psychological repercussions were absent or mild. Long-term prognosis appears to be good, and no other blood disorder has been reported in those cases that have recovered from the leukemia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

[Refractory sideroblastic anaemia of primary and acquired appearance (author's transl)].

This anaemia begun at the age of 40 years. The patient died 17 years later. There was no leukaemic transformation. The authors describe the enzyme abnormalities found in the red cells (increased urosynthetase) and/for of raised serum iron levels in relatives, such that the truly acquired and apparently primary nature of this blood disease must be brought into question.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Total body irradiation in bone marrow transplantation. Hôpital Saint-Louis results.

Total body irradiation was used in 22 patients as part of their conditionning regimen for bone marrow transplantation. Nine patients with acute leukemia received 1 000 cGy TBI in addition with chemotherapy. None of them survived and the main cause of death was interstitial pneumonitis (50%). 4 patients received 1 000 cGy with a lung shielding of 500 cGy. Two patients with acute leukemia died of leukemia and sepsis, two patients had aplastic anemia, one is surviving, the other died of severe GVHD and infectious complications. Nine patients with severe aplastic anemia strongly immunized by previous blood transfusions received 800 cGy TBI with a lung shielding of 400 cGy. No rejection was observed and 7 patients (63%) are currently alive. One patient died of interstitial pneumonitis probably related to CMV infection, one of subacute necrotizing hepatitis, two of severe acute GVHD. It is concluded from this study that TBI remains the best immunosuppressive conditioning regimen even in strongly immunized patients. It may be a contributing factor of the incidence and severity of interstitial pneumonitis. A reduction of the dose ot the lung to 400-500 cGy seems to decrease the severity of this complication.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1978

[Initial pattern and evolution of Hodgkin's disease with pulmonary involvement (author's transl)].

Between 1972 and 1975, we treated 20 patients suffering from Hodgkin's disease with initial pulmonary involvement. They all had mediastinal involvement. After 6 months of multi-agent chemotherapy: --4 of the 20 patients entered in complete remission and have stayed free of disease up to now. --8 had kept persistent pulmonary and mediastinal involvement; in spite of further and repeated chemotherapy courses, none of them was put in complete remission. --8 still had lymph node involvement but no more pulmonary involvement; out of these 4 received mantle radiotherapy which resulted in 3 complete remission, and 4 received chemotherapy alone which entailed only one complete remission. On the whole, the percentage of complete remission is 40%. The overall actuarial survival is 40%. No relapse has occured in patients entered in complete remission. These results lead us to underline that, when pulmonary involvement disappears after 6 months of chemotherapy, no pulmonary relapse occurs; the prognosis depending on the sterilization of lymph nodes. On the opposite, when there is still pulmonary involvement after 6 months of chemotherapy, it persists in spite of different and repeated chemotherapy schedules.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Prognostic factors in chronic granulocytic leukemia. A study of 798 cases.

Between 1959 and 1973 were analyzed the records of 798 patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia. Mean survival (MS) for the entire group is 42 months. 342 patients have been followed closely during and after development of blastic transformation. Presence of following symptoms at the time of diagnosis: asthenia, weight loss, bone pain, fever, sweats and digestive disorders is of poor prognosis significance (MS: 36 months, no sign: MS 75 months) (P less than 0.001). Spleen size is also a prognostic factor. MS are respectively 70, 52 and 35 months if initial splenomegaly is moderate (less than 3 cm), marked (less than 6 cm) or tumoral (greater than or equal to 6 cm). Thrombocytopenia (less than 15,000/mm3 or thrombocythemia (greater than 1 million/mm3) have a poor prognosis with median survival 22 months and 28 months. If peripheral blast cells (hemocytoblasts + myeloblasts) exceed 5%, the prognosis is worse; beyond 10% MS is 26 months. In contrast certain factors have better prognosis: hemoglobin greater than or equal to 14 g/100 ml, young age (less than 20 y.) MS: 62 months), female sex and an initial WBC count below 25 x 10(3)/mm3 (MS: 70 months).

Adult↗