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Biomedical subjects

M Blumenthal

Publications and source records attributed to M Blumenthal.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Neodymium-YAG laser iridotomy in angle closure glaucoma: preliminary study.

A prospective short-term preliminary clinical study to evaluate the efficacy and immediate complications of Q-switched Nd-YAG laser iridotomy in the treatment of acute and chronic angle closure glaucoma is described. The follow-up period ranged from four to 10 months. Of 40 eyes treated 36 (90%) required a single lasing session for patency (19, one application; 17, two applications), and four eyes (10%) required two sessions. Closure of the iridotomy site following Nd-YAG lasing due to pigment epithelium proliferation occurred in 10% of eyes, an incidence remarkably lower than that of argon laser iridotomy. Transitory closure or diminution of a prior patent iridotomy during the first hour after lasing was observed in 6.7% of eyes. Patency was again noted up to three weeks later and remained unchanged. Immediate postoperative complications included a marked increase in ocular pressure (42% of eyes), minimal transitory bleeding, and transitory localised corneal oedema at the lasing site. Persistent iridocorneal adhesion at the lasing site was noted in three eyes, and localised lenticular opacities, of non-progressive type, were observed in one eye.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Optic nerve trauma with prolonged blindness followed by visual-evoked potential.

An accidental deep intraorbital penetration of a radio antenna tip damaged the optic nerve and caused immediate amaurosis in a 19-year-old female with normal funduscopic, electroretinographic and computerized tomographic orbital findings. A small visual-evoked potential (VEP) recorded within 2 h of injury and in the following days revealed persistent electrical nerve conduction despite loss of vision and afferent pupillary reaction. The VEP constituted the only anticipating sign for the visual recovery which occurred after 3 days. Further increase of the VEP amplitudes preceded the visual improvement, resulting, finally, in 6/24 visual acuity with only lower nasal quadrant scotoma and slight optic disk pallor.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Red phosphorus as a cause of corneal injury. A case report.

A 15-year-old pupil was injured by an explosive mixture of red phosphorus powder and potassium chlorate causing seeding of multiple foreign bodies upon superficial and deep corneal layers. Unlike the few fulminant cases reported in the English literature our case had a benign course and outcome, without any late complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Second chronological supplement to the Carcinogenic Potency Database: standardized results of animal bioassays published through December 1984 and by the National Toxicology Program through May 1986.

This paper is the second chronological supplement to the Carcinogenic Potency Database, published earlier in this journal (1,2,4). We report here results of carcinogenesis bioassays published in the general literature between January 1983 and December 1984, and in Technical Reports of the National Cancer Institute/National Toxicology Program between January 1983 and May 1986. This supplement includes results of 525 long-term, chronic experiments of 199 test compounds, and reports the same information about each experiment in the same plot format as the earlier papers: e.g., the species and strain of test animal, the route and duration of compound administration, dose level and other aspects of experimental protocol, histopathology and tumor incidence, TD50 (carcinogenic potency) and its statistical significance, dose response, author's opinion about carcinogenicity, and literature citation. We refer the reader to the 1984 publications for a description of the numerical index of carcinogenic potency (TD50), a guide to the plot of the database, and a discussion of the sources of data, the rationale for the inclusion of particular experiments and particular target sites, and the conventions adopted in summarizing the literature. The three plots of the database are to be used together, since results of experiments published in earlier plots are not repeated. Taken together, the three plots include results for more than 3500 experiments on 975 chemicals. Appendix 14 is an index to all chemicals in the database and indicates which plot(s) each chemical appears in.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Chronological supplement to the Carcinogenic Potency Database: standardized results of animal bioassays published through December 1982.

This paper is a chronological supplement to our earlier publication, "A Carcinogenic Potency Database of the Standardized Results of Animal Bioassays." We report here results of carcinogenesis bioassays published in Technical Reports of the National Cancer Institute/National Toxicology Program between July 1980 and December 1982, and the general literature between July 1981 and December 1982. This supplement includes results of 280 long-term, chronic experiments of 114 test compounds, and reports the same information about each experiment in the same plot format as the earlier paper: e.g., the species and strain of test animal, the route and duration of compound administration, dose level and other aspects of experimental protocol, histopathology and tumor incidence, TD50 and its statistical significance, dose response, author's opinion about carcinogenicity, and literature reference. While a number of appendices are provided to facilitate use of this supplement, we have not duplicated here the material published earlier. Instead, we refer the reader to the earlier publications (Peto et al. and Gold et al.) for a thorough description of the numerical index of carcinogenic potency (TD50), a guide to the plot of the database, and a discussion of the sources of data, the rationale for the inclusion of particular experiments and particular target sites, and the conventions adopted in summarizing the literature. For 44 of the 114 chemicals reported in this second plot, results of earlier experiments are also given in the first plot; since only 1981-1982 results are reported here, the first plot is required for these repeated compounds. In this paper we also give corrections for errors that appeared in the earlier publication.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Cefsulodin levels in the human aqueous humor.

Subconjunctival administration of cefsulodin sodium (100 mg), but not systemic administration (500 mg), provided therapeutic concentrations in the primary aqueous humor of 22 patients who underwent cataract surgery. Therapeutic concentrations of cefsulodin persisted in the aqueous humor for at least five hours after subconjunctival administration of the agent.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Postoperative corneal astigmatism in cataract extraction: diamond knife versus Beaver blade.

Postoperative corneal astigmatism was studied in two groups of patients who had cataract extraction. The technique in both groups was identical except for the knife used for the partial-thickness limbal incision. In 49 patients the incision was performed with a Beaver blade and in 35 patients, with a diamond knife. Six weeks postoperatively the astigmatism was 1.27 +/- 0.90 diopters (D) in the diamond knife group, and 2.85 +/- 1.78 D in the Beaver blade group (P less than 0.0001). Sixty-one percent of the Beaver blade cases had with-the-rule astigmatism and 8% had no astigmatism. Thirty-one percent of the diamond knife cases had with-the-rule astigmatism and 26% had no astigmatism. At six months, the astigmatism was equal in both groups and practically identical to that found six weeks postoperatively in the diamond knife group. We conclude that incision of the limbal tissue with a diamond knife is associated with lower postoperative astigmatism and a more stable refractive state than incision with a Beaver blade.

Astigmatism↗
PubMed1985

Retinal function in mucolipidosis IV.

In an 18-month-old girl affected by mucolipidosis IV (ML IV) with mild corneal clouding, normal retinal activity was documented by electroretinogram (ERG) and slightly delayed optic pathway conduction was revealed by visual evoked potential (VEP). Re-examination 9 years later disclosed severe retinal alterations resulting in atrophy with reduced photopic and missing scotopic ERG components and flat VEP. These fundoscopic and electrophysiologic deteriorations in ML IV suggest progressive rod-cone impairment similar to tapetoretinal dystrophy.

Corneal Opacity↗