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Biomedical subjects

M Bertrand

Publications and source records attributed to M Bertrand.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Surgical treatment of Prinzmetal variant angina. Coronary artery by pass and plexectomy (author's transl)].

Aorto-coronary by pass, widely accepted in the treatment of patients with coronary artery disease is still controversial in the treatment of Prinzmetal variant angina. Recurrence of attacks, occlusion of grafts and post-operative infarction were frequent by described and seem to be related with the persistence of coronary spasm. Authors propose the association of myocardial revascularization and coronary denervation by resection of periaortic plexi. Results of 50 surgical plexectomies associated with coronary by pass appear far better than by pass alone (mortality 4%, myocardial necrosis 4%, persistence of attacks 4%).

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of a valine load test on plasma alpha-keto acids in Friedreich ataxia.

To test the physiological significance in vivo of our previous in vitro finding of reduced valine dehydrogenase (VDH) activity in patients with Friedreich's Ataxia, we subjected ataxic patients and controls to an oral valine load test (1.0g) and measured the levels of branched chain alpha-keto acids in the plasma for 24 hours. We demonstrated a significantly higher peak for a alpha-keto isovaleric acid in Friedreich's Ataxia and a general trend towards higher than control values in all other alpha-keto acids measured, and at all times in the experiment. These changes are compatible with the postulated defect in regulation of the activity of VDH in this illness, but because of their small amplitude, they also indicate that a VDH deficiency is not the genetic defect in Friedreich's Ataxia.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Beta blockers and their effects on lipoproteins, phospholipids, apoproteins A and B, in whole plasma and the different fractions.

Plasma levels of cholesterol (C), triglycerides (TG), phospholipids (PL) (in total plasma, very low density [VLDL], low density (LDL), and high density [HDL] lipoproteins) and of two apolipoproteins (apo-B and apo-A) were studied in 13 hyperlipidemic patients suffering from hypertension and/or stable angina and treated by metoprolol or propranolol. Propranolol reduced the low density and high density lipoprotein phospholipids by 26% and 11%, respectively, and increased the very low density phospholipids by 24%. Metoprolol had only a transient effect on high density lipoprotein phospholipids. VLDL apolipoprotein-B was markedly increased by propranolol (67%), whereas apolipoprotein-A was slightly (8%) increased during metoprolol treatment. The reduced low density lipoprotein phospholipids and the increased high density lipoprotein apo-A correlated with the plasma concentration of propranolol and metoprolol, respectively. These results suggest that the comparative effects of beta-adrenoreceptor blocking agents on lipoprotein metabolism should be considered in their long-term use in patients with risk factors for hypertension and myocardial infarction.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1982

[False aneurysms extending from true aneurysms of the left ventricle].

Over a 10 year period, four cases of post myocardial infarction pseudo-left ventricular aneurysm were observed, two directly arising from the infarct (postero diaphragmatic patients had pseudo-aneurysms which arose inferiorly from true anteroapical aneurysms and underwent surgical resection. Apart from the histological features, a certain number of diagnostic signs merit review: --A clinical course marked by a number of phases (myocardial infarction--pericardial syndrome--true aneurysm complicated or not by arrhythmias--period of stabilisation followed by deterioration due to rapid progression of cardiac failure). -- "Angiographic-like" ultrasonic and isotopic methods complement left ventriculography which confirms the parietal aneurysm and may show three very suggestive signs of pseudo-aneurysm: a narrow communication with the true aneurysm; delayed and prolonged filling of the bulge; inferior extension with localization by pericardial adhesions. Surgery is imperative, the main problem being the extent of resection of the true aneurysm. This is related to the rigid or calcific character of the neck of the pseudo-aneurysm.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1979

Quantitative determination of plasma oxyphenbutazone by gas-liquid chromatography with selective nitrogen detection.

A sensitive and specific gas chromatographic method, using the nitrogen-phosphorus detector for the detection and determination of oxyphenbutazone extracted from plasma is described. The method involves extraction and back-extraction steps followed by derivatization of both oxyphenbutazone and the internal standard with trifluoroacetic anhydride. The procedure permits the rapid and specific routine determination of oxyphenbutazone in plasma with a detection limit of 0.5 microgram/ml. The procedure is linear over the range of concentrations encountered after administration of a single oral therapeutic dose. No interference from the biological matrix is apparent. The suitability of the method for the analysis of biological samples was tested by studying the variation with time of oxyphenbutazone plasma concentrations in normal human volunteers over a period of several biological half-lives.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1979

A microcomputer-based stimulator for clinical and experimental investigations in cardiac electrophysiology.

A cardiac stimulator is described which combines the ease of operation required in clinical investigations, particularly endocavitary studies of cardiac arrhythmias, and the versatility needed in a research context. This instrument uses a microcomputer to control two independent optically-isolated stimulation ports which can be addressed either independently or jointly to stimulate at two different sites. The main software module operates as a cascade of ten real time pulse generators with individually presettable parameters: amplitude, duration, period, initial delay, periodic and cyclic modifiers, triggering mode, etc. A simple interactive procedure allows the operator to define a stimulation protocol either by accessing the generator structure directly, or by calling any of five pre-programmed stimulation protocols. With this combination, the instrument can provide a large variety of pulse patterns. The operator can intervene at any time during stimulation to change parameter values or modify the pulse pattern. Concurrently with stimulation, the instrument generates time-codes to help relate cardiac responses recorded on paper chart and magnetic tape, and reference them to specific events. The instrument can be readily expanded by the addition of parallel microprocessor modules; other real time tasks such as acquisition and processing of cardiac responses can thus be incorporated.

Cardiac Pacing, Artificial↗
PubMed1979

[Multicenter epidemiological survey of primary myocardiopathies. Apropos of 380 cases].

A retrospective study of adult congestive cardiomyopathy was carried out; the admission criteria being heart failure with cardiomegaly after the exclusion of known causes of heart failure. Coronary artery disease was excluded by forming two sub groups, one with proven normal coronary arteries at angiography or autopsy and the other with only assumedly normal coronary arteries. The results concern the study of the incidence of this disease which has been regularly seen over the last 10 years in departments with a large number of referrals of cardiomyopathy. --Professional factors are analysed to see if there is a higher incidence amongst the working classes. --Other factors are analysed by comparison with three control groups: normal, coronary and valvular disease, and diabetes which may be a predisposing factor, but not the serum cholesterol which is decreased in these patients. There is a significant association with smoking and alcoholism and the main biological sign of the latter condition, macrocytosis. This is also found in both coronary sub groups. The isolation of this alcohol factor in the genesis of congestive cardiomyopathy implies the possibility of reversing or stabilising the myocardial damage after its withdrawal, so changing the severe diagnosis associated with this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Gas chromatographic determination of amitriptyline, nortriptyline and perphenazine in plasma of schizophrenic patients after administration of the combination of amitriptyline with perphenazine.

A specific and sensitive gas-chromatographic technique using a common extraction procedure for the quantitative determination of amitriptyline, endogenous nortriptyline and perphenazine in plasma of schizophrenic patients receiving therapeutic doses of a combination of amitriptyline and perphenazine (Etrafon) has been developed. The lower limits of detection are 20 ng/ml for amitriptyline, 1 ng/ml for nortriptyline and 5 ng/ml for perphenazine. Amitriptyline is estimated with a flame ionization detector. Nortriptyline is quantitated using an electron capture detector after converting it to its heptafluorobutyryl derivative by reaction with the appropriate anhydride. Perphenazine is also determined using an electron capture detector after forming its stable, trimethylsilyl derivative by reaction with N,O-bis-(trimethylsilyl)-acetamide. In individual patients, the steady-state plasma levels ranged from 44 to 215 ng/ml for amitriptyline, from 49 to 270 ng/ml for nortriptyline and from less than 5 to 20 ng/ml for perphenazine. Steady-state plasma levels data on amitriptyline, nortriptyline and perphenazine in 23 patients treated with Etrafon are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Nanogram-range determination of plasma imipramine by gas-liquid chromatography using a selective nitrogen/phosphorus detector.

A sensitive and specific gas chromatographic method for the quantitative determination of plasma concentrations resulting from a single normal therapeutic dose of imipramine has been developed and is descriged. After extraction into a mixture of n-heptane/isoamyl alcohol (98.5:1.5), imipramine is well separated from its main metabolite, desmethylimipramine, and both compounds are detected using a selective detector operating in the N/P mode. The procedure permits the rapid routine quantitative analysis of relatively small plasma volumes (1-2 ml) containing as little as 1-2 ng of imipramine. No interference from the biological matrix is apparent. The suitability of the method for the analysis of biological samples was tested by studying the time of course of imipramine plasma concentrations in normal human volunteers, after administration of a single therapeutic dose.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1978

Some effects of living conditions upon the pattern of growth in the stumptail macaque (Macaca arctoides).

Somatometric and weight measurements of stumptail macaques (Macaca arctoides) bred in various environmental conditions are presented. Environmental parameters may influence the pattern of growth in slowing down the 'growth rate' of monkeys bred in restricted laboratory environment as compared with monkeys bred in 'optimal' captive conditions: their subadult and adult linear dimensions are smaller.

Animals↗