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Biomedical subjects

M Bergmann

Publications and source records attributed to M Bergmann.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Morphological and biochemical studies on the innervation of the testis of Salamandra salamandra (L.) (Amphibia, Urodela).

The innervation of the male gonad of Salamandra salamandra was studied by fluorescence microscopy using the glyoxylic acid method, acetylcholinesterase histochemistry, electron microscopy using glutaraldehyde/osmium tetroxide and chromate/dichromate fixation, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection of biogenic amines in homogenates of the testicular tissue. Noradrenaline has been found to be the prevailing neurotransmitter in the testicular nerves; dopamine could be identified only in minor concentration. The relatively scarce noradrenergic innervation is mainly restricted to the connective tissue septa between the immature and the mature part of the testis and between the mature part and the glandular tissue. Most of the fluorescent fibers have a close connection to blood vessels. After chromate/dichromate fixation the nerve profiles contain in most cases small vesicles with electron-dense reaction products, indicating the presence of catecholamines. Varicosities are to be found near the capillaries, in the vicinity of vascular (in the wall of arterioles) and non-vascular (near the testicular surface) smooth muscle cells; no relationships were found between nerve fibers and glandular (steroid hormone-secreting) or germinal cells. Cholinergic fibers could not be identified, non-adrenergic/non-cholinergic fibers were present only in very small numbers.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1983

The immature part of the testis in Salamandra salamandra (L.) (Amphibia, Urodela).

The immature part of the testis in the European fire salamander, Salamandra salamandra, consists of cephalo-caudally orientated zones of primary spermatogonia, secondary spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes and spermatids associated with follicle cells. Germ cells and follicle cells are arranged in lobules separated from each other by a vascularized connective tissue. Primordial germ cells are dispersed throughout the testicular stroma, preferably near the efferent ductules. They possess a multilobated nucleus, irregularly arranged mitochondria, nuage material, and a few lipid droplets. Primary spermatogonia are characterized by a more spherical nucleus, a coronal distribution of cell organelles--mainly mitochondria--small amounts of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, and lipid droplets. Secondary spermatogonia exhibit an irregular distribution of cell organelles with increased amounts of vesicular profiles of smooth endoplasmic reticulum; they are highly interdigitated and connected by intercellular bridges. In this stage degenerative processes may take place. Primary spermatocytes are provided with basal bodies and peripheral microtubules. Secondary spermatocytes and spermatids will be described elsewhere. Follicle cells and their projections surround each germinal cyst. Their nucleated parts are commonly localized in the central part of the lobule. Follicle cells and lobule boundary cells are very similar to fibrocytes. Already in the primary spermatocyte zone, both cell types show ultrastructural features indicating a setting in glandular activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Effects of acute and chronic haloperidol treatment on the concentrations of immunoreactive beta-endorphin in plasma, pituitary and brain of rats.

Haloperidol (0.03-3 mg/kg) dose-dependently increased the plasma concentrations of immunoreactive beta-endorphin (ir-beta-END) without changing the concentrations of ir-beta-END in the adenohypophysis or the neurointermediate pituitary of rats. Elevated levels of ir-beta-END in plasma were also found after chronic treatment with haloperidol (1 mg/kg per day) for 3 weeks. The long-term treatment, however, caused a selective increase (60%) of the ir-beta-END concentrations in the neurointermediate pituitary without changing that in the adenohypophysis. Significantly elevated levels of ir-beta-END were also found in the hypothalamus and the septum. Gelchromatographic separation of the plasma components reacting with the beta-endorphin antiserum revealed that both the acute and chronic haloperidol treatment increased the plasma concentrations of immunoreactive material with the molecular size of beta-endorphin and beta-lipotropin. This indicates that, at least, part of ir-beta-END released by haloperidol into plasma is of adenohypophyseal origin, since no material with the molecular size of beta-lipotropin has been found in the neurointermediate pituitary.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The fine structure of the testis wall in Salamandra salamandra (L.) (Amphibia, Urodela).

In mature fire salamander testes examined in early spring, smooth muscle cells can as a rule be observed in the connective tissue which underlies the peritoneal epithelium covering the testis. These smooth muscle cells show a variable degree of differentiation that ranges from fibroblast-like cells in the cranial immature parts of the testis to contracted smooth muscle cells with bundles of myofilaments in the caudal (regressive) glandular tissue, indicating a close relationship to the spermatogenic cycle. The monolayered peritoneal epithelium consists of one cell type only, which is extremely flattened in most parts of the testis and columnar in the glandular tissue. The height of the epithelium may partly be due to the non-contracted resp. contracted state of the underlying muscle cells. The muscle cells are possibly involved in sperm discharge.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The zone of mature spermatozoa in the testis of Salamandra salamandra (L.) (Amphibia, Urodela).

The zone of mature spermatozoa in the testis of the european fire salamander, Salamandra salamandra, consists of numerous lobules embedded in a vascularized connective tissue. Most of the lobule boundary cells show features of SH-secreting cells (an increased amount of smooth ER, globular mitochondria with tubular cristae), whereas other retain a fibrocytic appearance. The mature spermatozoa within the lobules seem to be at least partly phagocytized and digested by the often highly vacuolized Sertoli cells. Lobules open into efferent ductules lined by a monolayered epithelium, whose cells are highly interdigitated. The capillaries of the interlobular connective tissue possess enlarged luminal and basal surfaces.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Investigations of the influence of sodium salicylate on the gastric mucosa of the rat (author's transl)].

1. The investigation of the influence of sodium salicylate in therapeutic doses (100 mg/body weight/day) on the gastric mucosa of 60 rats revealed at the acute phase of the experiment morphological lesions of the superficial epithelium in term of an acute gastritis. At this stage neutral and acid mucopolysaccharides of gastric mucus were reduced. 2. Contrary to this, in long-term experiments epithelial changes and reduction of the mucous content of the cells were no longer detectable.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Psychological factors in duodenal ulcers].

With the aid of a clinical questionnaire and the I-N-R-personality test of Eysenck (as modified by Böttcher), we examined 127 male patients with clinically and radiologically proven ulcer compared to 145 age-matched persons without gastric affections. The features extraversion, neuroticism (emotional lability) and rigidity were determined and the question of an association with symptoms, age at onset of disease as well as occupational and familial factors statistically analyzed. With high significance, duodenal ulcer patients are more often emotionally labile and psychically more rigid. In the event the disease manifests under the age of 30, in ulcer patients introversion too is pronounced with highly significant frequency. Those patients complaining of conflicts with collaborators, lack of sleep, occupational overexertion, noise, draught at work place, present, compared to others without these complaints, a frequently emotional lability with high significance.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[The lumbodorsal incision (Lurz) (author's transl)].

After description of the anatomy of the regio lumbalis the technique and the problems of the lumbodorsal incision (Lurz) are discussed. The method is recommanded for operations at the kidney and the upper ureter. 75 from 104 operated patients could be controlled and the results are demonstrated. The indications of the lumbodorsal incision in kidney operations are discussed critically. The little trauma and good conditions for an undisturbed postoperative course are pointed out.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

[Echographic investigation of normal and pathological voiding (author's transl)].

A new urodynamic method is described which is based upon the principle of measuring the anteroposterior diameter of the urinary bladder during micturition by ultrasound. A 4 MHz transducer is placed vertically on the abdominal wall 6 to 7 cm above the symphysis and kept in a constant position by means of a special device. The continuously decreasing bladder diameter during micturition is recorded by M-mode echography (Echopan K, Siemens) and plotted as a diameter-time curve. Normals can be differentiated from patients with a subvesical outflow obstruction or a neurogenic disturbance of bladder emptying. For quantification the mean velocity of bladder diameter shortening during the first 30 seconds of micturition is calculated and correlated with the maximal uroflow (r = 0,77). Therefore a rough quantitative measurement of micturition seems to be possible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Carcinoma of the prostate as a late complication of prostatectomy].

In 8 patients after removal of a benign adenoma of the prostate (4 enucleations, 4 transurethralresections) 4-12 years later carcinoma of the prostate developed. In 2 cases bonemetastases were already present. The patients returned with obstructive problems and were resected transurethrally, once more. After the histological examinations the postoperative treatment consisted of subcapsular orchidectomy followed by Oestrogen-therapy. It seems that the incidence of carcinoma of the prostate after removing of a benign adenoma is less frequent than expected from the frequency of carcinoma. It is recommended to follow the patients for years and to inform them of this possible development.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

[Diagnosis and therapy of stomach cancer].

In a random test of 95 patients with carcinoma of the stomach who were gastroscopised during 1974 to 1977 a sex distribution of 2:1 for men to women was found. The male patients had more frequently an adenocarcinoma, the female patients more frequently a solid carcinoma. The patients with carcinoma of the stomach had more frequently a chronic atrophic gastritis than a control group of patients with functional gastropathy. The precanceroses, such as the atypical intestinal metaplasia were found only among the carriers of carcinomas, but in no case in the control group. The curative operability was given in the antrum carcinomas in 72%, in the corpus carcinomas only in 30% of the cases. Despite a higher age average the operability of women was more favourable than that of men in a not different distribution of the carcinomas to corpus and antrum. The necessary early recognition of the carcinomas for the improvement of the results of therapy is emphasized.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

[Gastritis and stomach ulcer].

Patients with ventricular ulcer (n = 109) were examined endoscopically and bioptically concerning the frequency of an at the same time existing gastritis. It was shown that stomachs with ulcer practically without any exception, i.e. in 96 per cent, had a pangastritis. In the endoscopic comparative group without focal lesions (n = 231) a gradually less pronouncedly expressed gastritis is present than in patients with ulcer. Patients with gastric ulcer and such persons with endoscopical negative dyspepsia (endoscopic comparative group) have common the more pronounced appearance of the gastritis in the antrum (antritis) than in the corpus. Gastric ulcers appeared in males at the age from 30 to 49 years twice as often as in females. The latter showed an approximately linear increase of the frequency of corpus ulcers between 20 and 69 years. In antrum ulcers like in duodenal ulcers the males dominate at the age from 20 to 59 years, whereas the females prevail in the 7th decennium.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Chronic gastritis in stomach cancer].

In a random test of 128 patients with neoplasms of the stomach and in a control group of 170 persons corresponding to age without any focal lesion at the stomach the connection between carcinoma of the stomach and the chronic gastritis was tested. The carcinoma of the stomach is always accompanied by chronic gastritis. The chronic atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia is significantly more frequent than in control persons. We found the chronic atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia more frequently than in the adenocarcinoma (environmental carcinoma) than in the solid carcinoma. The clear dependence of age of the carcinoma of the stomach is confirmed; particularly great increase of the frequency of the carcinoma in the male in the fourth to the seventh decennium of life, in which case males more frequently have an adenocarcinoma, females, on the other hand, a solid carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

[Duodenitis].

In 211 bulboscopies 108 normal findings, 29 duodenal ulcers, 44 cases of scar bulb, 4 times erosions of the bulb and 26 times a bulbitis alone (macroscopically) were found. The macroscopic findings duodenitis were confirmed histologically in 85%, the macroscopic findings normal bulbous mucous membrane only in 30% of the cases. In patients with the histological findings duodenitis the bulbous mucous membrane was endoscopically regarded as normal in 70% of the cases. Patients with duodenitis more frequently have an antrum gastritis and less frequently a corpus gastritis than a control group corresponding to age without any macroscopic changes at the stomach and duodenal bulb. On account of its clinico-therapeutic importance is referred to the fact to demarcate the peptic corrosive bulbitis (bulbitis with bulboscopically probable lesion) from the bulbitis without bulboscopic lesion.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1979

[Classification of stomach and duodenal ulcers].

The working classification of the ulcerous disease after Melikova is suitable for the differentiated demonstration of the gastric and duodenal ulcers. In connection with this principle of subdivision essential features of the disease, such as localisation of the ulcer, clinical course, morphological characteristics of the ulcer and the ulcer-carrying organ, gastro-intestinal functional parameters and complications of the ulcer are demonstrated.

Duodenal Ulcer↗