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Biomedical subjects

M Berger

Publications and source records attributed to M Berger.

At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Blood amine acid levels in patients with insulin excess (functioning insulinoma) and insulin deficiency (diabetic ketosis).

Blood amino acid concentrations were determined in the postabsorptive state in nine patients with insulin excess (functioning insulinomas), nine juvenile-type diabetics with insulin deficiency (diabetic ketosis due to insulin withdrawal), six juvenile diabetics in moderate metabolic control, and five healthy control subjects. Blood branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) levels were elevated in diabetic ketosis and decreased in patients with insulinomas. Blood concentrations of BCAA were significantly correlated to blood glucose levels, and in diabetics they were also correlated to blood ketone bodies, serum free fatty acids, and glycerol levels. These data indicate an inverse relationship between circulating effective insulin levels and blood BCAA concentrations. It is suggested that blood levels of BCAA might represent an indicator of insulin-dependent alterations of protein metabolism.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1978

Primary penile reanastomosis.

Two cases of penile amputation with the techniques of reanastomosis are presented. Other techniques are briefly reviewed. A microvascular anastomosis of the dorsal vessels or nerves does not appear to be necessary, although gentle thorough reconstruction of the urethra and corpora obviously is.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Non-glucoregulatory hormones (T4, T3, rT3, TSH, testosterone) during physical exercise in juvenile type diabetics.

Non-glucoregulatory hormones (T4, T3, rT3, TSH and testosterone) were studied by radioimmunoassay in juvenile-type diabetics in moderate control and in ketosis due to insulin withdrawal and in age matched "normals" during a mild prolonged exercise test. The basal serum hormone levels revealed the following findings: Serum testosterone was markedly lower in diabetics than in normals ( 177 +/- 24 resp. 618 +/- 52 ng/dl). This is in contrast to other studies, but it may reflect decreased testicular function due to an early, clinically not apparent atherosclerotic disease. Serum T3 was significantly lower in diabetics than in normals (110 +/- 16 resp. 145 +/- 19), suggesting an early "low T3-syndrome" in juvenile-type diabetics. However, increased serum rT3 levels were not observed, and serum T4 and TSH were normal. Mild prolonged exercise had no major effects on these nonglucoregulatory hormones. In juvenile-type diabetics the degree of metabolic control had no influence on the response of the mentioned hormones. However, an increased cortisol/testosterone ratio in ketotic diabetics in the basal state with a further increase during exercise was demonstrated, indicating an aggravation of the catabolic state in these patients during exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The genesis of the diastolic murmur of complete heart block. Phono-echocardiographic observations.

A 72-year-old man with calcific aortic stenosis and complete heart block was noted to have an intermittent diastolic murmur. Using combined echocardiography and phonocardiography, it was demonstrated that the murmur occurred while the mitral valve was closing. This suggested that antegrade flow across a closing mitral orifice is of etiologic importance in the production of the murmur. Atrial sounds were also recorded and probably have a similar etiology. It is postulated that reduced ventricular compliance resulting in a more rapid rate of mitral valve closure was of etiologic importance in the genesis of the murmur.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Extrapancreatic glucagon and glucagonlike immunoreactivity in depancreatized dogs. A quantitative assessment of secretion rates and anatomical delineation of sources.

The anatomical sites and the rates of extrapancreatic secretion of glucagon and of glucagon-like immunoreactivity (GLI) were assessed in dogs 2 h after pancreatectomy by catheterization of the gastrosplenic and mesenteric veins. Glucagon release from the gastrosplenic area approximated one-fourth that of a normal pancreas and rose from 0.25 to 1.0 ng/kg per min during arginine stimulation. Intestinal glucagon secretion was small and did not respond to arginine, suggesting that the stomach is the only important extrapancreatic source of glucagon. Glucagon concentrations attained by gastrosplenic secretion were in close proportion to those obtained during the administration of exogenous glucagon, indicating similar clearance rates of extrapancreatic and pancreatic glucagon, approximating 10 ml/kg per min.GLI secretion (0.3 ng eq/kg per min) was limited to the intestinal area and was transiently stimulated by arginine and exogenous glucagon. Base-line GLI clearance approximated 1 ml/kg per min. No insulin secretion could be detected. Gastrointestinal glucose uptake rose from 0.56 to 2.2 mg/kg per min after glucagon administration suggesting that as much as 10% of total glucose production can be taken up by the gastrointestinal tract. In two dogs both the stomach and pancreas were removed. Intestinal glucagon release remained small and did not increase during arginine administration. By contrast, GLI release was stimulated by both arginine and exogenous glucagon.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Pericardial effusion diagnosed by echocardiography. Clinical and electrocardiographic findings in 171 patients.

Clinical and electrocardiographic findings in 171 patients with pericardial effusion diagnosed by echocardiographic studies were reviewed. In 70 patients the effusion was unsuspected. There were 87 small, 50 moderate, and 31 large effusions. Cardiac tamponade was present in three patients. Congestive heart failure was the most common cause of pericardial effusion and occurred in 37 patients. Other frequently noted conditions included cardiac disease without congestive heart failure, neoplasms, acute nonspecific pericarditis, renal failure, and acute myocardial infarction. A pericardial friction rub was present in 23 patients, two-thirds of whom had moderate or large effusions. Atrial arrhythmias were common. Low voltage occurred in 31 of 136 patients and was more common with large effusions. The ability to distinguish between a small effusion and the quantity of pericardial fluid present normally is a problem requiring further clarification.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Developmental patterns of plasma and testicular testosterone in mice from birth to adulthood.

Male mice were raised in cohabitation with females from birth to 90 days. Testosterone was measured every 10 days in plasma and testes. Sex difference in body weight was related to the pre-pubertal increase of testosterone levels in males. The weight of the seminal vesicle was positively correlated with circulating testosterone levels between 1 and 40 days but not between 50 and 90 days. Testosterone concentrations in the plasma and testes were high at birth: 630 pg/ml and 58.0 +/- 17.7 ng/100 mg; they subsequently decreased during the first days of life and remained low until day 20:240 +/- 110 pg/ml and 0.1 +/- 0.03 ng/100 mg. The testosterone levels then increased rapidly between days 20 and 30 and especially between 30 and 40 reaching their maxima: 5770 +/- 1720 pg/ml and 123.7 +/- 18.3 ng/100 mg testis. This increase was transitory and testosterone levels fell after day 40. By 90 days, the testosterone levels, 440 +/- 65 pg/ml and 43.2 +/- 5.5 ng/100 mg testis, were comparable to those measured at birth. Plasma testosterone and age were positively correlated between 1 and 40 days, and negatively between 50 and 90 days. The first fertile matings occurred at age 40 days.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

The effect of unilateral castration on plasma and testicular testosterone in rabbits from birth to 60 days.

Male rabbits were hemigonadectomized every 10 days from 1 to 50 days of age and were sacrificed 10 days after the operation. Non-operated controls were sacrificed at the same stages. Plasma and testicular testosterone were quantified by radioimmunoassay. Compensatory testicular hypertrophy was not observed in hemicastrated rabbits. Hemicastration has variable effects on testicular and plasma testosterone levels as a function of age. When it is performed at birth, there is a significant increase in testicular and plasma concentrations of testosterone. Similar results are obtained if the operation is performed at 30 days. Unilateral castration performed at 10, 20 and 50 days reduces testicular and plasma testosterone levels. When hemicastration is performed at 40 days or at the adult age, testicular and plasma testosterone levels are not modified.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

[Isolation and characterization of beef thyroid giant RNA].

Total HMW-RNAs were prepared by three different methods (method with phenol, method with NaClO4, method without phenol using Ultrogel AcA 22 filtration). Giant RNAs were obtained in the void volume by filtration on Sepharose 2B. The giant RNAs/total HMW-RNA ratio is higher (6.77%) with the gel filtration method than with phenol or NaClO4 methods (1.41% and 1.00% respectively). The nucleotide composition of these RNAs is DNA-like and the sedimentation constants are approximately 70-100 S.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[McArdle's disease--description based on three own observations (author's transl)].

The paper reports on three observations made by the authors of McArdle's Disease. Characteristic symptoms are a premature tiring of the musculature and painful muscle contractions; in the late stage of the disease, mild muscle atrophy can also occur. The ischemia test is is pathologic. Myoglobinuria often occurs after major strain. Studies by light microscope and the electron-microscope result in an increased glycogen deposit in the muscle fiber. The diagnosis is verfied by the histochemical and biochemical proof of muscle phosphorylase deficiency. Routine histologic investigation of muscle biopsy is not sufficient to identify the disease. Despite the established enzyme defect and the resulting impairment of anerobic energy availability, the genesis of the disease or syndrome has not yet been fully clarified.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Hyperlipidemia in uremic children: response to peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis.

Hemodialysis and hyperlipidemia have been associated in both adults and children. The present study indicates hyperlipidemia in uremic children treated with peritoneal dialysis and implies that the cardiovascular risk felt to exist with hemodialysis also exists in peritoneal dialysis. Thirty-eight children with chronic renal insufficiency or end-stage renal disease were followed serially under varying conditions of medical management, hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and transplantation. Serum triglyceride concentrations in patients on peritoneal dialysis were not significantly different from those in patients on hemodialysis, but both were significantly higher (P less than 0.01) than concentrations in patients on medical management and transplantation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Binding of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone to plasma proteins in rabbits under different physiological conditions].

Percent binding and unbound levels of T and DHT were determined in rabbits of both sexes at the end of intra-uterine life, ten days of age and adulthood. For both hormones, the lowest percent binding were observed in fetus, the highest in immature animals. The percent binding of T and DHT were significantly higher in adult females than in age-paired males. In pregnant mothers the percent binding of T and DHT were lowered.

Animals↗