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Biomedical subjects

M Berg

Publications and source records attributed to M Berg.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Pancreatic polypeptide-producing tumors. Report on two cases.

Histochemical, chemical and clinical features of two malignant endocrine pancreatic tumors were studied. Both tumors contained pancreatic polypeptide (PP)-immunoreactivity in the majority of tumor cells. In addition, one tumor contained a few scattered serotonin-fluorescent cells and the other scattered gastrin-immunoreactive cells. Pancreatic polypeptide hypersecretion was established from both tumors. Serotonin was produced by one tumor and gastrin was secreted by the other. No PP-associated endocrine symptoms were present, whereas the hypergastrinemia may have caused a bleeding duodenal ulcer in one patient. Although both tumors were highly malignant the clinical courses in the two patients were very different; one patient died within a few months whereas the other is alive 2 years after the diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Peroperative studies of S-calcitonin in thyroid and peripheral venous samples from patients with normal C-cells, C-cell hyperplasia, and medullary carcinoma on the thyroid.

The calcitonin (Ct) secretion was studied during surgery in 11 patients with benign thyroid and/or parathyroid disorders and in six patients with familial medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (MCT) and C-cell hyperplasia (CCH). The preoperative diagnosis of MCT and CCH was established by S-Ct determinations before and after pentagastrin provocation. During surgery blood samples were collected from thyroid and peripheral veins before and after injection of 0.6 micrograms pentagastrin . kg-1 in the inferior thyroid artery. In the control group the thyroid venous concentration of S-Ct increased from 395 +/- 42 pmol . l-1 to 2,692 +/- pmol . l-1 after intra-arterial (i.a) pentagastrin. The basal value for S-Ct in thyroid venous samples from patients with MCT and CCH was distinctly elevated in five of six patients. After pentagastrin stimulation a very prompt and striking S-Ct peak in thyroid venous samples was demonstrated (range 11,500-2,700,000 pmol . l-1), which in all cases widely exceeded that in the control group. Varying responses were registered in peripheral vein samples. S-Ct values obtained in the present investigation constitute valuable information for the interpretation of S-Ct values obtained in thyroid venous catheterization studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

School-based prenatal services: can similar outcomes be attained in a nonschool setting?

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether enhancement of hospital-based prenatal care of adolescents results in pregnancy outcomes comparable to those found in adolescents receiving care at school-based clinics. An initial study comparing hospital clinic and school clinic programs administered by the St. Paul Maternal and Infant Care Project (MIC) from 1973-1976 indicated that delivered teens from the high school clinics had earlier and more frequent prenatal visits and fewer low birth weight babies than delivered adolescents who received care at hospital based clinics. After the initial study of 1976, MIC hospital based services for the adolescents were enhanced to include additional educational and support services. A follow up study, (1976-1979) was subsequently conducted, using criteria similar to the previous study, to compare the results of hospital and school-based programs for pregnant teens. The follow up data demonstrated that the School Group initiated care much earlier and had significantly more prenatal visits than the Comparison Group, but the Comparison Group demonstrated a dramatic improvement in both areas when compared to the first study. Rates of obstetrical complications and infant outcomes were more similar for both groups than in the initial study, supporting the premise that while the school provides a superior setting for provision of prenatal services, similar services at nonschool sites can be greatly enhanced and can demonstrate significant improvement in obstetrical outcomes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Borderline psychopathology as displayed on psychological tests.

Despite the surge of interest in borderline psychopathology in psychiatric quarters, contributions from the perspective of psychological testing have been few. A brief delineation of the range of borderline psychopathology is offered. Broad trends in the test performance of patients within the borderline range are described with regard to: intelligence and cognitive operations, thought and language, reality testing, organization of affect, configuration of defenses, structure of the object world, dynamics and the interpersonal aspects of the test process.

Affect↗
PubMed1983

[Microsurgical neurolysis of the 8th cranial nerve in cochleo-vestibular disorders using an extended transtemporal approach].

A series of 17 patients suffering from progressive cochleovestibular disturbances (8), severe attacks of Menière's disease (5), progressive or sudden sensori-neural deafness (2), vestibular neuronitis (1) or unbearable tinnitus (1) is reported. The eighth cranial nerve was exposed from its root at the brainstem to its exit into the fundus of the internal auditory canal (CAI), by an extended middle fossa approach. The surgical technique and the intraoperative observations are described. All cases showed morphological abnormalities such as neuro-vascular compression of the nerve by arterial or venous vessels, either at the brainstem or laterally at the CAI. Horizontal or vertical dislocations of the nerve were also noticed. Traction, compression or even strangulation of the nerve fibres or of their accompanying vessels may be co-factors of the functional disturbances. Striking improvement of the vestibular disorders was recorded following neurolysis of the eighth nerve, showing that retrolabyrinthine abnormalities may be possible causes of Menière's disease and other supposedly labyrinthine disorders. The preliminary results regarding hearing and tinnitus were hitherto unsatisfactory. This fact may be explained by the, as yet, imperfect technique of neurolysis.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

[Hearing defects after purulent meningitis (author's transl)].

80 children in the age of 4 to 20 years who got over a purulent meningitis in infancy or childhood were examined by means of several audiological methods. Two children (2,5 percent) were found to be deaf. In 4 cases (5 percent) deafness was detected only unilateral not preferring the right or left ear. Hearing impairment after the eights cranial nerve damage was found in four children. 4 children suffered from severe to profound hearing defects on one side or bilateral. No correlation could be found between incidence and severity of the hearing defects to the total dose of the antibiotics that were penicillin, ampicillin and gentamycin. Before the background of the literature reported on this subject and the presented results hearing impairment after purulent meningitis seems to be more likely a sequela of inflammation than a toxic side-effect of the antibiotics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Therapeutic effects of foscarnet sodium and acyclovir on cutaneous infections due to herpes simplex virus type 1 in guinea pigs.

The therapeutic effects of topically applied foscarnet sodium and acyclovir on cutaneous infections due to herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) were studied in guinea pigs. Foscarnet cream (3%) reduced both the cumulative vesicle score and the time for healing when HSV-1 strains C42 and 79 were tested. The application of foscarnet in cream form resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in skin virus titers and vesicle scores at concentrations ranging from 0.05% to 3%. Infections due to HSV-1 strain 79, but not those due to strain C42, were sensitive to treatment with 5% acyclovir in polyethylene glycol ointment. Topical application of 3% acyclovir in dimethyl sulfoxide on infections due to HSV-1 strain C42 resulted in a reduction in the skin virus titers, lesion scores, and the time for healing. Acyclovir, in both polyethylene glycol and dimethyl sulfoxide, was consistently less active than foscarnet cream in these animal experiments.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1982

Psychological testing of the borderline patient: a guide for therapeutic action.

The diagnostic ambiguity and difficulties of treating borderline patients call for refined idiographic understanding. Psychological testing can make a significant contribution to treatment of borderline individuals at all phases of the clinical process. First, during the initial consultation, an accurate taxonomical identification can be made which also elucidates the chaotic functioning of these patients. Second, choice of treatment modality and strategy can be made on a more informed basis as a result of test report inferences concerning ego functions and object relations. Third, the management of the ongoing treatment process can be guided by test-report elaborations of ego weaknesses, vulnerability toward particular transference distortions, and predilection toward inducements into specific countertransference traps.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Tinnitus after microsurgical interventions at the internal auditory canal (author's transl)].

The preoperative and postoperative complaints of tinnitus of 126 patients were compared who had undergone microsurgery of the internal auditory canal. Evaluation of the questionnaires revealed that after section of the cochlear nerve in 11 cases of otherwise therapy-resistant tinnitus, total or partial relief was obtained in five of the patients. After surgery for cerebellopontine angle tumors (n = 46) or after neurectomy of the vestibular nerve of menière's disease (n = 34) tinnitus, in general, was neither initiated nor increased. Therefore, operations at the internal auditory meatus do not constitute a special risk with respect to iatrogenic generation of tinnitus.

Cochlear Nerve↗
PubMed1982

[Smoking cessation--report from a practical endeavor].

For persons willing to give up smoking a cessation clinic for smokers was opened in the district town Oschersleben in 1972. Psychotherapeutic group discussions were used as working methods. The persons wanting medical advice came to the cessation clinic by their own free will or by referring by a doctor. 53.6% of 742 patients succeeded in stopping smoking (on the conditions that they had not smoked) for at least 6 months. The weaning was especially successful for those persons sent to the clinic by a doctor. These patients had a 15% higher rate of success. By this cooperation the effectiveness of a cessation clinic for smokers may be increased.

Adult↗