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Biomedical subjects

M Baron

Publications and source records attributed to M Baron.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Schizophrenia on paternal and maternal sides: an analysis of familial factors.

Slater's model of assessing distribution patterns of ancestral secondary cases in family trees was applied to pedigree data on schizophrenia. Eighteen schizophrenic probands with at least two ill second-degree relatives were available for study. The distribution of unilateral to bilateral pairs of affected relatives did not deviate significantly from that expected in polygenic inheritance. Contrasting pedigrees with family history of chronic schizophrenia with pedigrees loaded with 'soft spectrum' disorders, i.e., borderline schizophrenia, did not alter the consistency of the data with polygenic transmission.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1979

The biology of affective disorders.

The clinical features, genetic data, psychopharmacological studies, hormonal abnormalities, and biochemical observations all serve to define major depressive illness as an inherited neurochemical disorder affecting the hypothalamus, and probably involving monoamine pathways. While the precise nature of the defect and its mode of transmission remain obscure, the rapid development of this field in less than two decades permits optimism that major depressive illness illness will be among the first "functional" psychiatric disorders to have its chemical pathology elucidated.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1978

The management of priapism in sickle cell anemia.

After assessing the data currently available on the multiple modalities used to manage priapism secondary to sickle cell disease we adopted a specific therapeutic regimen for the treatment of this problem. Early non-surgical measures, including hydration, alkalization and analgesics, rapid red cell infusion to double the hematocrit and late shunting procedures in conjunction with exchange transfusion, offer the soundest approach on pathophysiological grounds. There is currently no evidence to support early surgical intervention as the best approach to conserve potency in this problem.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1978

Serologic studies on schizophrenic patients.

We studied the capacity of sera from schizophrenic patients and from normal blood bank donors to agglutinate sheep erythrocytes coated with extracts of human brain. Passive hemagglutination of coated erythrocytes was obtained with 36.4% of the assayed sera of the schizophrenia patients and with 11% of the control sera. Drug treatment did not seem to play a major role in the reactivity because the patients were either never treated before or a period of several weeks was allowed since treatment until blood was drawn. Furthermore, the analysis of sera obtained by sequential bleedings of patients on drug therapy showed that drugs did not affect the serologic activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Linkage between an X-chromosome marker (deutan color blindness) and bipolar affective illness. Occurrence in the family of a lithium carbonate-responsive schizo-affective proband.

Studies with X-chromosome markers in mental illness have been limited to the diagnostic concept of primary affective disorders. The present study is the first to our knowledge to demonstrate statistically measurable linkage between color blindness and manic-depressive illness in a family identified by a schizo-affective proband. Linkage data and lithium carbonate response in the proband suggest that the schizophreniform-affective spectrum in members of the pedigree may reflect a genetically distinct disorder. The use of a genetic marker as a heuristic diagnostic criterion in a subgroup of heredofamilial psychoses with unclear diagnostic boundaries is proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Synovial haemangioma of the knee: light and electron microscopic findings.

Venous haemangioma of the synovium of one knee also involved adjacent, skin and muscle of the leg in a 4-yr-old girl. Phleboliths were seen in the knee on X-ray. Histologically, the synovium contained large venous channels and was laden with haemosiderin. On electron microscopy, the synovial cells were morpholgically most like synthetic (B) cells. Erythrocytes were ingested and broken down, stepwise, to siderosomes. The synovial cell cytoplasm also contained electron-dense punctate iron deposits. The synovial response appeared to represent chronic haemarthrosis.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1977

Preoperative diagnosis of renal angiomyolipoma.

Six cases of renal angiomyolipoma are reviewed. In 5 of these 6 cases a characteristics radiolucent fat sign was present overlying the renal mass. In 10 cases of hypernephroma selected only on the basis of a tissue diagnosis and the availability of a pre-injection scout film this sign was not present. The recent literature is reviewed on the radiographic diagnosis of angiomyolipoma. We conclude that angiography is not reliable in the differentiation of angiomyolipoma from hypernephroma. However, demonstration of a radiolucency on the pre-injection scout film is virtually pathognomonic of angiomyolipoma. Tomographic cuts without contrast injection may increase diagnostic accuracy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Effects of temperature on some membrane characteristics of carotid body cells.

Excised cat carotid bodies and nerves were placed in a Lucite chamber through which saline flowed at different temperatures. Action potentials were recorded with a suction electrode. Glomus cells were impaled with microelectrodes and identified by ejecting Procion navy blue from the micropipette. Membrane potentials (MP) averaged 20 mV and input resistances (R0), 40 Momega. Cooling induced depolarization and decreased R0. This effect had a reversal potential of about -6 mV. [K+]0 did not affect MP, R0, or cooling effects. Lack of sodium increased MP, R0, and depressed cooling effects. Low chloride had opposite effects. Ca2+ and Mg2+ influenced MP and R0 but had little effects on temperature actions. Ouabain decreased MP and R0. Results indicate that glomus cells are exquisitely sensitive to temperature changes; their MP and R0 increase with high temperatures and decrease when temperature is lowered. These effects are mostly dependent on the external concentration of Cl- and Na+. Glomus cells may be the site of the intense metabolism of this tissue and thus contribute to the generation of chemosensory impulses.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Tissue-binding factor in schizophrenic sera: a clinical and genetic study.

The hypothesis that pathologic immune mechanisms, characterized by production of brain autoantibodies, operate in schizophrenia, was the basis for this study. Binding of serum globulin substance by human brain septal region obtained at autopsy was measured by radioimmunofixation assay in 27 schizophrenic probands, 28 first-degree relatives, 12 patients with primary affective disorder (depression), and 117 normal controls. Schizophrenic individuals tended to have higher levels of brain-serum affinity than controls. Age and sex did not appear to affect results. Within families, elevation of serum-binding activity showed intra sib-pair resemblance, distinguished healthy relatives from probands and ill relatives and relatives of probands with positive sera from relatives of probands with negative serum activity. Serum activity distinguished well relatives from normal controls and was independent of clinical state. This suggests that brain-serum affinity may be compatible with characteristics of a genetic marker of vulnerability to schizophrenia. Within sib-pairs, concordance rates for elevated serum activity and for subtype diagnosis, mode, and age of illness onset were positively related. This finding supports clinico-genetic disposition in a subgroup of schizophrenic persons. To determine distribution patterns of antigenic components, selected schizophrenic and normal sera were tested against human liver and mouse brain, thymus, and liver. Wide tissue cross-reactivity was observed in schizophrenic, but not in normal sera, a finding consistent with overlap of serological reactions affecting specific tissues in autoimmune processes. The assay employed in the present study and investigation of inheritance of brain-serum affinity have not previously been reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Albinism and schizophreniform psychosis: a pedigree study.

The author presents a pedigree study of albinism associated with schizophreniform psychosis and concludes that the evidence of an association between the two traits is strong; the evidence for genetic linkage is suggestive. The pineal hormone melatonin and the melanocyte-stimulating hormone inhibitory factor may be etiologic determinants of psychosis associated with albinism.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Lithium carbonate response in depression. Prediction by unipolar/bipolar illness, average-evoked response, catechol-O-methyl transferase, and family history.

The antidepressant efficacy of lithium carbonate was assessed in a double-blind trial in 23 hospitalized depressed patients. Unequivocal response was significantly more frequent in bipolar than in unipolar depressed patients. Lithium carbonate responders had a greater visual average-evoked response amplitude increase in response to increased stimulus intensity, termed "augmenting". No correlation could be demonstrated between lithium carbonate efficacy and either erythrocyte catechol-O-methyl transferase activity, age of symptom onset, number of hospitalizations, or family history of affective disorders.

Adult↗