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Biomedical subjects

M Baratz

Publications and source records attributed to M Baratz.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Na2 ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid retention enema in dogs. Biochemical and histological response.

1. The use of Na2 EDTA in a per rectal lavage may facilitate cell harvesting for colonic cytology. So the effect of a Na2 EDTA 0.5% retention enema on serum electrolytes, kidney function tests and blood clotting mechanism as well as its direct effect on colonic mucosa, was evaluated in dogs. 2. The results were compared to a control study with a normal saline enema. 3. Blood samples and colonic biopsies were obtained at four time points. 4. A statistically significant decrease in serum calcium levels reaching a maximum 2 day post experiment, and increase in serum phosphorous and prolongation of prothrombin time at 2 hr post-experiment, were noted. 5. The perturbations were still within normal physiological limits for dogs, and no clinical manifestations of either hypocalcemia nor bleeding tendency occurred. 6. All other parameters evaluated did not change significantly at the examined time points. 7. Light microscopy examination of the colonic mucosa in the experimental group was not different from that of the control study. 8. Na2 EDTA may be used in retention enemas without significant clinical side effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

A controlled trial of beclomethasone versus betamethasone enemas in distal ulcerative colitis.

Steroid enemas are widely used in distal inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). They are partly absorbed and suppress adrenocortical function. Beclomethasone dipropionate (BD) is a topically active steroid that undergoes rapid first-pass inactivation in the liver and is practically devoid of systemic side effects. We treated 32 consecutive patients with active distal ulcerative colitis (40 attacks) with 0.5 mg BD and/or 5 mg betamethasone phosphate (BP) enemas for 28 days. Clinical, laboratory, sigmoidoscopic, and histologic data were recorded before, during, and after the trial. The clinical efficacy of both treatments was similar. Betamethasone was slightly more effective in relation to the histologic improvement and disappearance of blood from the stools. Clinical signs of steroid overdosage were noted in patients on BP but not in patients on BD. Mean fasting plasma cortisol at the end of the trial was 2.9 micrograms/dl in the BP group and 15.3 micrograms/dl in the BD group. The adrenocorticotropin test was markedly suppressed in the BP group but not in the BD group. The absence of systemic steroid side effects makes BD enemas a useful addition in the therapy of IBD. Its oral administration should also be considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Nodular gastritis and Helicobacter pylori.

Numerous reports have established the association of Helicobacter pylori and peptic ulcer disease in adults. Recently, this association has also been demonstrated in children. We investigated 14 children and adolescents with recurrent abdominal pain. In six patients, endoscopy revealed gastritis and Helicobacter pylori was identified. Giemsa stain was more sensitive than culture or urease testing in identifying the bacteria. In four of the six, a nodular appearance of the antral mucosa was observed. The histological examination suggests lymphoid hyperplasia as the cause of the nodularity. All of the patients became symptomless after combined treatment with amoxicillin and bismuth subsalicylate. We conclude that nodular gastritis is a peculiar type of gastritis in children. It is frequently found in association with Helicobacter pylori infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The effects of freezing or freeze-drying on the biomechanical properties of the canine intervertebral disc.

The transplantation of spinal allografts to correct defects that include disc, body, or segments of both is currently under experimental investigation. A method of graft preservation that will least compromise the biomechanical integrity of the bodies or discs is required. Using a five-mode biomechanical analysis, the authors compared the change in stiffness of ten preserved canine spines. The freeze-dried specimens lost a significantly greater amount of stiffness in compression, flexion, extension, and torsion than did the frozen specimens. Therefore, from a biomechanical viewpoint, deep-freezing is superior to freeze-drying for spinal allograft preservation.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Brown-bowel syndrome.

Extensive brownish discoloration of the small bowel is rare and has been described mainly in association with malabsorption disorders. It is related to deficiency of the fat soluble vitamin E. Vitamin E is an antioxidant substance that prevents peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids. Vitamin E deficiency may result in oxidized lipids, which when polymerized with polysaccharides form the brown, PAS-positive pigment termed ceroid or lipofuscin. The deposition of pigmented granules in the effected tissues accounts for the brownish discoloration. We present three patients ultimately found to have "brown bowel syndrome (BBS)," in which the symptoms, preoperative findings, and respective diagnoses were different. In all three patients, serum Vitamin E levels were found to be extremely low.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

The relative value of fecal occult blood tests and flexible sigmoidoscopy in screening for large bowel neoplasia.

The secondary prevention of colorectal cancer is based on the early detection of noninvasive cancer and removal of adenomatous polyps. The two commonly used screening tests are flexible sigmoidoscopy and guaiac fecal occult blood testing. Both were performed simultaneously and independently on 1176 asymptomatic volunteers followed by colonoscopic examination if either occult blood or a neoplasm was detected. Neoplasia (adenomatous polyps or cancer) were found in 48 screenees. Only ten had positive stool occult blood while 45 were detected by sigmoidoscopy. Analysis of sensitivity for neoplasia was 93.8% for sigmoidoscopy but only 20.8% for the occult blood tests, while the positive predictive values for neoplasia were 100% and 23.8% respectively. The fecal occult blood test detected only 18% of screenees with adenomas and 60% with invasive cancer. Flexible sigmoidoscopy detected 95% and 80% respectively. Analysis (kappa statistic) demonstrated little agreement between the two tests (P greater than 0.05), indicating that they are diagnosing different neoplasia. Evaluation of expected gain in diagnosing neoplasia, by combining both tests, gave 18% for the fecal blood test and 94% for the endoscopic test. These results confirm the complementary value of performing both tests, but especially the high sensitivity and predictive value positive of flexible sigmoidoscopy for adenomas, including those with severe dysplasia, and the converse for the fecal occult blood test. This latter test must be recommended and used within a screening program with caution and full understanding of its limitations.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Imaging of experimental amyloidosis with 131I-labeled serum amyloid P component.

131I-labeled human serum amyloid P component, which was injected into mice with experimentally induced systemic AA amyloidosis and into controls, became specifically localized and was retained in amyloidotic organs. In comparison, it was rapidly and completely eliminated from unaffected tissues and from control animals. Distinctive images of this amyloid-specific deposition of labeled serum amyloid P component were derived from whole body scanning, in vivo, of amyloidotic mice. These findings suggest that such imaging may have applications for the diagnosis and quantitation of amyloid deposits in humans.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1987

Conservative surgery in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: report of a case with an eight-year follow-up.

The patient described here, with malignant non-beta islet cell tumor of the head of the pancreas, was treated by resection of the tumor and metastases. Additional pathology of perforated duodenal ulcer and pyloric stenosis required vagotomy and pyloroplasty. The maintenance of normal gastrin levels after the operation indicates a good prognosis. We believe that the low-risk Zollinger-Ellison patient should be treated surgically and the tumor removed. When no tumor can be detected, parietal cell vagotomy should be performed to assist the pharmacological control of the gastric acid hypersecretion. Extensive surgery, such as total gastrectomy, is no longer the treatment of choice and is reserved for the so-called "cimetidine failure."

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Endobronchial metastasis of renal cell carcinoma.

Endobronchial metastasis from nonpulmonary carcinoma is rare. A case of metastatic renal cell carcinoma is presented and the literature reviewed. Severe haemoptysis was the initial symptom leading to the finding of a bronchial polypoid mass.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1986

Recurrent spontaneous perforation of the colon.

A 58-year-old man with recurrent spontaneous perforations of the colon is reported. The first two events were of the sigmoid colon, and a sigmoidectomy was performed after the second perforation. The third spontaneous perforation had occurred in the transverse colon, however, although a patent sigmoid colostomy was present. Neither primary colonic pathology nor elevated intraluminal pressure were found, which means that the cause and pathogenesis of these perforations are unknown. Six months later, a subtotal colectomy with ileo-sigmoid anastomosis was performed with an apparent satisfactory result.

Colonic Diseases↗
PubMed1986

Primary inflammatory malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the colon.

A unique case of inflammatory malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the large bowel is presented. This lesion occurred in the colon of an elderly man suffering from weakness, anemia, anorexia, and weight loss. A right hemicolectomy was performed, and six months later, on follow-up, he was found to be well. The literature on visceral involvement by malignant fibrohistiocytic tumors is reviewed.

Aged↗