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Biomedical subjects

M Baldini

Publications and source records attributed to M Baldini.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Perinodular injection of thymopentin (TP5) in cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases of melanoma.

The potential therapeutic efficacy of TP5 in patients with cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases of melanoma was tested in a double-blind study comparing the drug and placebo injected perinodularly. Of the 47 nodules present in the 16 patients treated with TP5, 24 showed a measurable response, whereas only one out of 15 nodules in patients treated with a placebo showed a minor response (P = 0.02). In two patients treated with TP5 a response of two nodules not perinodularly injected was also observed. Sclerosis, CD45RO+ cells and MIB 1- cells were more frequently observed in nodules treated with TP5 than with placebo. (P = 8 x 10(-4); 0.03 and 0.01, respectively). Evaluating the trends of these findings in nodules treated with placebo; with TP5-treated, non-responding nodules; or with TP5-treated, responding, a positive trend was observed for sclerosis and CD45RO+ cells (P = 5 x 10(-4) and 2 x 10(-3), respectively) and a negative one for MIB 1 cells (P = 2 x 10(-3)). These preliminary data suggest that lymphoid cells associated with nodules regression are activated large lymphocytes (CD45RO+ and CD3-). Sclerosis might be interpreted as the final morphologic event, and reduction of proliferative activity (MIB 1- cells) as the consequence of cytolytic action.

CD3 Complex↗
PubMed1993

[Not Available].

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Historiography↗
PubMed1993

[Not Available].

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Cardiology↗
PubMed1993

[123I]IBZM uptake in metastatic melanoma.

In this report we describe our experience with [123I]IBZM ([123I]-(S)-2-hydroxy-3-iodo-6-methoxy-N-[(1-ethyl-2-pyrrolid inyl)methyl] benzamide), used to image the lesions in a female patient affected by metastatic melanoma. Marked uptake of [123I]IBZM in an area corresponding to a palpable lymph-nodal mass was observed in images collected 2 and 5 hours after i.v. tracer administration. Tumour to non-tumour ratios evaluated on planar maps were found to be 2.04 and 2.35, respectively. Surgical excision and histological examination of inguinal nodes confirmed the presence of melanoma lymph-nodal metastases. Although scintigraphy with radiolabelled [123I]IBZM is widely used for neuro-psychiatric disorders, we have found no reports in the literature of any application of this tracer in oncology. Even if the biological bases underlying the findings reported here remain unclear (although they are probably related to the neural crest origin of the melanocytes), the quality of imaging found suggests that this tracer may provide a new diagnostic tool for the imaging of melanoma tumours.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Inhibitory effect of somatostatin on abnormal GH response to TRH in primary hypothyroidism.

Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) does not promote GH secretion in normal subjects but it stimulates GH in a proportion of hypothyroid patients. In this study the response of GH to thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) was evaluated in 21 patients with primary hypothyroidism of different origin: 12 with autoimmune thyroiditis, 3 idiopathic, 3 congenital, 3 iatrogenic. 11 of these patients had never been treated, the others were tested after a drug-free period of at least two weeks. Basal plasma concentration of GH was normal in all patients; after TRH administration, a significant increase in plasma GH was observed in 4 patients. In these responsive patients, somatostatin infusion inhibited the abnormal GH response to TRH. It is suggested that the abnormal GH response to TRH in primary hypothyroidism might be caused by a relative deficiency of somatostatinergic control, which is corrected by exogenous somatostatin administration.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Not Available].

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History, Modern 1601-↗
PubMed1992

Cadmium intake with diet in Italy: a pilot study.

Data on Cd sources in food are presented and the effects are discussed of the raised environmental level of Cd concentration in some foods. Information is also presented on normal dietary intakes of this element and how these intakes may be increased by environmental pollution or atypical dietary habits. With reference to the exposure risk, the FAO/WHO has established for adults a Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI) limit of 7 micrograms/kg B.W.. Therefore the evaluation of dietary Cd intake has become very important. The purpose of this work is the estimation of dietary intakes of Cd using data on the composition of an average Italian diet. Complete meals from a factory canteen were analyzed and calculations of weekly intake of Cd carried out. Mean dietary intake was 222 micrograms per week (range 137-326 micrograms per week) or 32 micrograms per day (range 19-46 micrograms per day), with the median intake being 198 micrograms per week or 28 micrograms per day. Analyses were performed by means of Zeeman Electrothermal Atomization Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (ETA-AAS). The results obtained, related to the average and representative food consumption of Italian people, show that the weekly intake is well within the PTWI, but the emission of Cd into the environment is continuing and attention must be paid to population groups at risk due to particular food habits.

Cadmium↗
PubMed1992

Locally recurrent breast cancer after 'radical' surgery.

Tumor recurrence at the site of radical surgery for mammary carcinoma has been studied in 101 cases. Analysis revealed the proximate causes--tumour size, axillary node metastases--and the more extensive type of surgery have a positive correlation even if the P values do not reach the significant value. The prognosis suggests that clinically this phenomenon, seen in the long term, does not differ from that of distant skin and subcutaneous metastases. A treatment strategy is proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Effect of chronic clonidine administration on GH secretion in adult human subjects.

It is well known that the acute administration of clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist commonly used as an antihypertensive drug, stimulates GH secretion, likely via hypothalamic growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) release. Conversely, evidences of a hyperactivity of GHRH-GH-somatomedin C (SMC) axis during chronical administration of clonidine are controversial. In this study, GH and SMC levels have been evaluated in 16 hypertensive patients chronically treated with clonidine. The subjects were randomized to receive either TRH or saline with the aim of evaluating the non specific GH response to TRH as compared to spontaneous fluctuations during a control test. In basal conditions, GH and SMC concentrations in clonidine treated patients were similar to those observed in an age and sex matched group of normal untreated subjects. An abnormal increase in plasma GH occurred in 5 out of the 10 patients who received TRH, while plasma GH did not show significant variations during testing in the subjects who received saline. It is suggested that chronical administration of clonidine does not induce an hyperactivity of GHRH-GH-SMC axis as estimated by plasma GH and SMC concentrations, but may induce a disorder in hypothalamic control of GH secretion, possibly implicated in the abnormal GH responsivity to TRH.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

A black adrenocortical adenoma causing Cushing's syndrome not imaged by radiocholesterol scintigraphy.

In a 33-year-old female patient with left adrenal tumour and Cushing's syndrome, adrenocortical scintigraphy with radiocholesterol did not image the tumour nor the suppressed contralateral gland. Histology showed a black adrenocortical adenoma composed only of compact cells; there was no evidence of malignancy. This demonstrates that non-visualization of the adrenal glands in a patient with Cushing's syndrome is not invariably due to adrenal carcinoma. The literature on black adrenal adenomas causing Cushing's syndrome is reviewed.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

CRH and lysine-vasopressin stimulation tests in the diagnosis of hypoadrenalism secondary to hypothalamic or pituitary disorders.

Ten patients with secondary hypoadrenalism have been tested with corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) and lysine-vasopressin (LVP). One patient had isolated ACTH deficiency; 9 had deficiency of other pituitary hormones attributable to a primary pituitary disease in 3 and to an hypothalamic disorder in 6. After CRH administration, a definite increase in plasma ACTH was observed in all 6 patients with hypothalamic disorder. No response was elicited in the 3 patients with pituitary disease and in the patient with isolated ACTH deficiency. In the responsive patients. ACTH showed a delayed and prolonged pattern of response. Lysine-vasopressin administration produced an increase in plasma ACTH in 4 of the 6 hypothalamic patients and no response in those with pituitary disease and in the patient with isolated ACTH deficiency. These findings suggest that CRH represents a reliable test in differentiating hypothalamic from pituitary adrenal failure; LVP appeared a less sensitive diagnostic test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Not Available].

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Animal Population Groups↗
PubMed1990

[Not Available].

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Animal Population Groups↗
PubMed1990

Presence and assessment of xenobiotic substances in milk and dairy products.

The presence of some xenobiotics such as toxic metals, PCBs, pesticides and micotoxins in both human and cow milk as well as in dairy products is evaluated on the basis of currently available data. The problems hindering a thorough risk assessment for the said toxicants are highlighted. As regards elements, the results of a study carried out on three different classes of products, namely, bulk milk from various regions of Italy, milk from one particular farm and several types of cheese available to the public at large, are reported and discussed. Quantitative determinations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn have been carried out by means of graphite furnace absorption spectrometry.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Long-term survival and prognostic factors for 2170 breast cancer patients treated at two cancer centers (Milan and Houston).

Data on 2170 consecutive patients with breast cancer submitted to curative surgery with or without combined radiotherapy in the period 1968-1972 at the National Cancer Institute of Milan (Italy) and at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center of Houston (Texas, USA) were analyzed to evaluate the prognosis of breast cancer patients after loco-regional treatment only and to verify if different prognostic factors have the same relevance. Forty-four percent of patients were alive without evidence of disease at the end of the follow-up in both centers: 14% of patients treated in Milan died without evidence of breast cancer with an intercurrent disease, whereas the death rate for intercurrent disease was 27% in Houston. Thirty-seven percent of the patients in Milan and 26% of the patients in Houston died from breast cancer. A considerable percentage of patients (23.4% in Milano, 38.2% in Houston) had one or more of the required items not specified in the clinical chart. Since the lack of information was considered a possible source of bias, the series were divided into two groups: the first collecting patients with all information available, the second gathering patients with at least one of the required items missing. The latter group was defined "unknown". Multivariate analysis of survival, carried out by means of Cox's regression model, showed that mortality of these patients for all causes was significantly affected by the following criteria: status of regional nodes (P = 2 X 10(-13)), unknown (P = 10(-9)), maximum diameter of primary tumor (P = 7 X 10(-10)), age of the patients (P = 10(-4)), site of primary (P = 0.01), and Center (P = 0.04). A significant interaction was found between center and a) age of the patients, b) menopausal status and c) unknown. The relative P values were 6 X 10(-7) for age and center, 8 X 10(-3) for menopausal and center, 3 X 10(-2) for unknown and center. Multivariate analysis of breast cancer mortality was significantly affected by: status of regional nodes (P = 10(-18)), diameter of primary (P = 5 X 10(-14)), unknown (P = 2 X 10(-13)), center (P = 2 X 10(-6)), site of primary (P = 0.002), and age of the patients (P = 0.03). The same significant interaction as for mortality from all causes was found. It is concluded that comparability of results obtained in different institutions may be dependent on the standardization and availability of patients data.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

A syndrome of primary gonadal failure, short stature, mitral valve prolapse, and mental retardation.

Two brothers referred for hypogonadism presented with short stature, mild mental retardation, and minor anomalies. In addition, both patients had hypogonadism due to primary gonadal failure and mitral valve prolapse, in the absence of other heart defects. A complete hormonal evaluation in one of the patients showed abnormal growth hormone (GH) and gonadotropin responses to different stimuli, findings suggestive of a disorder of hypothalamic-pituitary regulation. Both patients had normal chromosomes (46,XY) as did their mother (46,XX), who had some of the clinical manifestations found in her sons but in a milder form. We propose that this is a new syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Not Available].

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Ethics, Medical↗