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Biomedical subjects

M Bailly

Publications and source records attributed to M Bailly.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate deficiency in uremic undialyzed, hemodialyzed, and non-uremic kidney transplant patients.

In this study, we have investigated plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) concentrations in undialyzed and dialyzed uremic patients and in kidney transplant subjects, using an enzymatic technique with thermal deproteinization to liberate PLP from plasma proteins. The specificity of the reaction indicates no interference with pyridoxal and only 3% interference with pyridoxamine phosphate. In 17 hemodialyzed patients, a deficiency of about 50% of plasma PLP concentration is found as compared to 25 healthy subjects (22.2 +/- 2.47 vs. 48.8 +/- 3.00 nmol . l-1), as mean +/- SEM). In seven undialyzed uremic patients with end-stage renal failure, the plasma PLP concentration is also decreased (29.3 +/- 1.74 nmol . l-1). The absence of PLP in plasma ultrafiltrates demonstrates that no loss of PLP occurs due to hemodialysis. The daily oral supplementation with 250-750 mg pyridoxal induces a supraphysiological increase in plasma PLP concentration in hemodialyzed as well as in undialyzed patients. In 116 non-uremic kidney transplant subjects, the mean plasma PLP concentration was 33.8 +/- 3.50 nmol . l-1). In 65% of these patients, a marked deficit (below 20 nmol . l-1) was observed. In conclusion, uremic patients have a deficient vitamin B6 state. Its correction with pyridoxal to restore physiological plasma PLP concentration necessitates oral supplementation with lower doses that those widely used at present. In kidney transplant patients a similar plasma PLP deficiency is observed in the absence of chronic renal failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Isoelectrofocusing in the study of the heterogeneity of immunoglobulins G in man with or without proliferative symptomatology].

In the present investigation, the immunoglobulins G of human sera were studied after isoelectrofocusing using polyacrylamide flat bed gel. The heterogeneity of immunoglobulins was demonstrated in normal serum as well as in pathological situations. Isoelectrofocusing study was performed using the total serum or the immunoglobulin's preparations obtained after absorption and elution on staphylococcus protein A. These methods respect the integrity of immunoglobulins and allow the study of native immunoglobulins. Furthermore it was demonstrated the micro-heterogeneity of immunoglobulins (antibody) induced by antitetanic vaccination.

Dysgammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1982

[In vitro supplementation of pyridoxal phosphate for the optimisation of the determination of the catalytic activity of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in kidney transplant patients (author's transl)].

Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) is the coenzyme of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Thus, in vitro supplementation with PLP is important for the optimisation of the determination of catalytic activity of both enzymes. It patients with kidney transplants, stimulation by PLP is very important for ALT activity, which could be affected by plasma PLP deficiency. Furthermore, in this population catalytic activities are more frequently found increased using methods with PLP supplementation than without PLP supplementation (56% and 71% of patients for AST and ALT, respectively). These differences are not related to HBs antigen.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

A multicentre european evaluation of the Kodak EKTACHEM GLU/BUN analyzer using NCCLS guidelines and other approaches.

This paper describes the field performance of the Kodak EKTACHEM GLU/BUN Analyzer for glucose and urea. NCCLS protocols PSEP-2, 3 an 4 were used which enable manufacturers to establish performance claims concerning the precision and accuracy of an analytical system. This multicentre trial used four analysers in four European countries, United Kingdom, France, West Germany and Italy to assess within and between laboratory performances. Freeze dried control materials were used for the performance check experiment PSEP-2 and for the replication experiment PSEP-3. The replication study, although very time consuming, was straight forward to undertake and the results were comparable between centres. Compliance with the protocol for comparison of methods experiment PSEP-4 in which laboratories used their own hospital patient samples was more difficult. The problems with obtaining suitable samples and the performance of comparative methods are discussed in detail.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1982

Enzymic measurement of urinary pyrophosphate with a centrifugal analyzer.

We describe a simple, rapid, and fully automated technique for measuring urinary pyrophosphates with a centrifugal analyzer (the ENI GEMSAEC). This technique depends on the enzymic magnesium-dependent reaction with UDPG pyrophosphorylase (UTP: alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyl transferase, EC 2.7.7.9) and spectrophotometry of the NADPH formed in a combined system of phosphorylation and reduction. Many samples of urine can be analyzed quickly without pretreatment, with high sensitivity (1.3 mA/mumol of substrate) and good reproducibility. The mean within-run coefficient of variation for a 50 mumol/L pyrophosphate solution was 1.4%. We determined the optimum enzyme and magnesium concentrations necessary for use in a 4-min reaction. Because there is no inhibitory effect of chloride and phosphate ions, pyrophosphate can be measured directly in urine, without prior extraction. With this technique, the mean value (and SD) for urinary pyrophosphate excretion by 30 healthy subjects was 39.3 (SD 17.2) mumol/24 h.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1982

[Ecology of leishmaniasis in south France. 17. Sampling of Phlebotomus by the method of adhesive traps. Comparison with the technic of capture on human bait].

In the analysis of the ecology of foci of leishmaniasis in the South of France, a comparison was made of two methods of sampling the vector: the technique of oiled paper traps and of hand-catching off human bait. The techniques, used in parallel in a rural site (Cévennes) and in an urban site (built up areas in Marseilles) gave comparable results. In the Cévennes focus of visceral leishmaniasis, Phlebotomus ariasi Tonnoir, 1921 is the dominant sandfly; in the urban focus, it is replaced by Phlebotomus perniciosus Newstead, 1911. The analysis of captures shows that, in the South of France, in general, the method of sampling by oiled papers can be used instead of man-biting catches. The former method is easier and permits work over a wide area at many places simultaneously.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Suitability of control materials for determination of alpha-amylase activity.

The suitability of control materials for determination of alpha-amylase activity was assessed in comparison with reference groups of authentic human serum specimens containing alpha-amylase of either pancreatic or salivary origin, specimens from patients with no pancreatic pathology, and normal specimens to which porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase was added. After determination of alpha-amylase activity by 11 commonly used techniques (five different principles), the results were processed by both classical (linear representation, regression) and multivariate (correspondence analysis, principal-components analysis) statistical techniques. Specimens containing porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase did not behave like any of the other groups. We conclude that porcine enzyme should not be used for interlaboratory quality-control surveys or intermethod comparison studies. Determination of human salivary and pancreatic alpha-amylase showed intermethod biases similar to those for authentic patients' specimens. Human salivary alpha-amylase, both because of its behavior and its commercial availability, is a satisfactory source for alpha-amylase activity of quality-control specimens. The nature of the matrix (polyvinylpyrrolidone, albumin, delipidated serum, bovine serum, or human serum) little influenced the behavior of the specimens for any of the methods studied.

Amylases↗
PubMed1981

[Evaluation according to the NCCLS protocol of the Kodak-Ektachem procedure applied to the estimation of glucose and urea in plasma (author's transl)].

The study carried out consists of evaluating the results obtained for estimation of glucose and urea with a procedure the originality of which resides mainly in the use of preconditioned reagents, in the dry form, laid out on a support where the colour develops, proceeding to a reading by reflectometry and linearise the response by a procedure of calculation carried out by a microprocessor. The evaluation of the results obtained with the Kodak-Ektachem prototype for estimations of glucose and urea in the plasma was carried out according to the NCCLS protocol in the field of a coordinated European study. The imprecision was estimated at several levels of concentration after a study of intraserial and day to day reproducibility with and without contamination correction, the variation coefficients obtained from day to day are less than 3% when the concentrations of glucose and urea are higher than 5 mmol.l, the lower concentrations lead to less precision. No contamination was demonstrated. The inaccuracy is evaluated by comparison of the results supplied by the testing apparatus with those obtained by techniques chosen as reference. (Direct hexokinase with deduction of a blank sample and final reading at 340 nm for glucose, a colorimetric technique using monoxime diacetyl adapted to continuous flow for urea). The correlations between these methods are good : (mmol.l1) glucose : (EKTA) = 0.07 + 1,025 (HK); r = 0,993. Urea : (EKTA) = = 0,498 + 1,046 (DAM); r = 0,995. Further studies on the influence of proteins and a few physiological and drug substances liable to interfere have shown that a routine use in the laboratory may be considered favourably.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1981

Suitability of control materials. General principles and methods of investigation.

We propose methods for characterizing the behavior of quality-control specimens. Candidate quality-control specimens and authentic patients' specimens were analyzed by various methods. Patients' specimens were chosen to be fully representative of those encountered, including subsets from persons who were healthy, had defined disease states, were in therapy, or whose specimens were lipemic, icteric, etc. The analytical methods chosen include those most commonly used as well as reference analytical methods. Procedures for characterizing the behavior of patients' specimens and candidate quality-control specimens are proposed and their applicability is demonstrated. The linear ratio method is a univariate graphical approach in which differences in accuracy among methods for any specimen or group of specimens are each displayed on a linear scale. Correspondence analysis is a descriptive multivariate statistical technique that allows both the specimens and the analytical methods to be characterized. The statistical techniques, in our application, allow the behavior of quality-control specimens to be assessed with respect to authentic patients' specimens without influencing the assessment process. Correspondence analysis provides a graphic representation by projecting both the specimens and the analytical methods on factorial planes. The appropriateness of te behavior of a quality-control specimen may be inferred from its position relative to those of authentic patients' specimens. These statistical techniques also provide some information regarding the specificity of analytical methods.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗
PubMed1979

[Comparison by isoelectrofocusing between blood immunoglobulin G of the mother and her newborn. Value of the method (author's transl)].

The present investigation deals with the study about immunoglobulins in blood of twenty six couples mother-newborn. The immunoglobulins G were determinated by radial immunodiffusion and we stated the profile of serum's proteins after isoelectrofocusing. The results obtained from this study, showed a really important percentage of very differents profiles between mother and newborn's proteins. These divergences are independently from the level of immunoglobulins. The purpose of this investigation is to show the very high analytical power of the method. But it is limited in interpretation of results. With conventional protein procedures, it is not possible to say if the newborn is able to synthetize immunoglobulins very early in life. On the contrary, with specific methods of revelation, isoelectrofocusing seems the better procedure of investigation for identity immunoglobulins in blood.

Coloring Agents↗
PubMed1978

[Study of the isoenzymes of lactate dehydrogenase: frequent values in relation to age in children, study of conservation (author's transl)].

In this study we were able to evaluate the total lactate dehydrogenase activity of serum of children year by year. We also defined by electrophoresis the normal isozyme profile for each age group. We noted that the total activity was higher during the first years of life and that during this period, the isoenzymic profile was different from that of adults: higher percentage of LDH 5 (13% as against 8% in adults) and a lower percentage of LDH 1 (19% as against 24% in adults). Furthermore, it seemed to us preferable to determine the total LDH activity on fresh serum for a fall in activity is noted both after preservation at + 4 degrees C and -20 degrees C. Similarly, it is preferable to trace the isoenzyme profile on the same day rather than after preservation of the samples. The average differences show clearly the disappearance of certain fractions (isoenzymes 4 and 2 after six days preservation at + 4 degrees C). However, each serum seems to behave in a somewhat unforseeable manner and the dispersion of individual variations makes any statistical interpretation impossible.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

Criteria for establishing a standardized method for determining alkaline phosphatase activity in human serum.

We investigated factors influencing alkaline phosphatase activity in the course of developing criteria for the establishment of a standardized method for its determination in human serum at 30 degrees C. The effects of pH, phosphorylatable acceptor (2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol and diethanolamine), 4-nitrophenyl phosphate, magnesium ion, zinc ion, temperature, volume fraction of specimen, and details of initiation of the reaction have been studied, with use of partly purified enzymes from bone, intestine, liver, and placenta, and sera from patients with a predominant characterized isoenzyme. The purity of the diethanolamine was examined and contaminant monoethanolamine was characterized as a competitive inhibitor. Two sets of recommended conditions are: 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, 0.9 mol/liter; 4-nitrophenyl phosphate, 16 mmol/liter; magnesium ion, 1 mmol/liter; volume fraction of specimen 1/30, and pH30 degrees C 10.5; diethanolamine, 1.8 mol/liter; 4-nitrophenyl phosphate, 18 mmol/liter; magnesium ion, 1 mmol/liter; volume fraction of specimen 1/60, and pH30 degrees C 10.1. Serum is preincubated with all reagents but 4-nitrophenyl phosphate, which is used as the reaction-initiating substrate.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗