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Biomedical subjects

M Bailey

Publications and source records attributed to M Bailey.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Examination of eight cases of multiple sclerosis and 56 neurological and non-neurological controls for genomic sequences of measles virus, canine distemper virus, simian virus 5 and rubella virus.

In situ hybridization studies have been carried out on brain samples from eight cases of multiple sclerosis (MS) and 56 non-neurological and neurological controls, using single-stranded 35S-labelled RNA probes prepared against genomic RNA sequences of measles virus, canine distemper virus, rubella virus and simian virus 5. Foci of hybridization were found using probes against the measles virus nucleocapsid protein (N), phosphoprotein and fusion protein gene sequences in two of the MS cases, and also in one control, a case of disseminated cytomegalovirus infection with spinal cord necrosis. This result was confirmed using biotinylated probes prepared against the measles virus N genomic sequence. No hybridization was found in any of the MS or control cases using any of the other viral genome-specific probes.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1989

Enzyme immunoassay system for panel testing.

An immunoassay system based on enzyme immunoassay technology has been developed for quantitative panel testing. The system includes test card disposables, reagents, and an instrument. Patients' samples are processed semiautomatically in the instrument with minimum user intervention. The test card has multiple test areas at individual locations on a membrane solid phase so that simultaneous determinations from a single specimen are possible. Each panel also includes positive and negative reagent procedural controls. Factory-determined calibration curves for each analyte are provided in barcode form with each test kit. The reagents include a specimen dilution buffer, enzyme conjugate, and precipitogenic substrate. Up to 10 test cards at a time can be processed in random-access and continuous-access modes, with automated agitation of sample and reagents over the solid phase, temperature-controlled incubation, and membrane washing and reading, data reduction, and printout of results. The optical reader measures diffuse reflectance and features source intensity and wavelength compensation.

Chemistry, Clinical↗
PubMed1989

Immunologic and hematologic responses in ponies with experimentally induced Strongylus vulgaris infection.

Immunologic and hematologic responses were examined in 4 ponies with experimentally induced Strongylus vulgaris infection and in 5 helminth-free ponies. Two ponies were inoculated with 200 larvae and 2 were inoculated with 700 larvae of S vulgaris and then were reinoculated with the same numbers of larvae 34 weeks later. Initial response of the ponies inoculated with S vulgaris was S vulgaris antigen-induced lymphocyte response that developed 1.5 to 3 weeks after inoculation and did not persist. Development of antigen-reactive lymphocytes was followed sequentially by a biphasic complement-fixing antibody response, then biphasic eosinophilia. Antibody titer to S vulgaris antigen was higher in ponies inoculated with 700 larvae, compared with that in ponies given 200 larvae of S vulgaris. Also, the second peak in antibody titer and in absolute number of eosinophils was observed earlier in ponies inoculated with 700 larvae, compared with ponies inoculated with 200 S vulgaris larvae, and subsided before or from about 24 weeks after inoculation. The prepatent period for S vulgaris infection was 24 to 25 weeks. After reinoculation with S vulgaris, a degree of increased lymphocyte responsiveness was apparent but, by 17 weeks after reinoculation, only the primary peak in the absolute number of eosinophils indicated an anamnestic response. Essentially, antibody was not detectable after reinoculation.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Efficient secretion of two fungal cellobiohydrolases by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Two different cellobiohydrolases, CBHI and CBHII, of the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei both hydrolyse highly crystalline cellulose. Cellulolytic strains of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae were constructed by transferring cDNAs coding for these enzymes into yeast on an expression plasmid. These cellulolytic yeasts were able to secrete efficiently the large, heterologous proteins to the culture medium. The recombinant cellulases were observed to be heterogeneous in Mr due, at least partly, to variable N-glycosylation. Recombinant CBHII was able to bind to crystalline cellulose, although slightly less efficiently than the native enzyme. Both of the two recombinant cellulases were able to degrade amorphous cellulose. In a fermenter cultivation, around 100 micrograms/ml of CBHII was secreted into the yeast growth medium.

Cellulose↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of the efficacy of "Trisdine" and kanamycin-colistin bladder instillations in reducing bacteriuria during intermittent catheterisation of patients with acute spinal cord trauma.

An open, prospective, randomised, comparative study of "Trisdine" and kanamycin-colistin bladder instillations in reducing significant bacteriuria during intermittent urethral catheterisation was conducted. Trisdine is an aqueous solution of chlorhexidine gluconate 0.01% with added ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid disodium salt and TRIS buffer at final concentrations of 1.34 mMoles and 0.01 Molar respectively. All patients (15 males and 3 females) admitted with acute spinal cord trauma and bladder involvement requiring intermittent catheterisation for more than 5 days during a 12-month period were studied. There was no significant difference in the mean incidence of significant bacteriuria during intermittent catheterisation in the 7 males who had kanamycin-colistin bladder instillations compared with the 8 males who had Trisdine instillations. A comparison could not be made in the females because there were only 3 patients. Because Trisdine is more stable at ambient temperatures, is less likely to select antibiotic-resistant bacteria and is less expensive, it is concluded that Trisdine is preferable to kanamycin-colistin solution for bladder instillations during intermittent catheterisation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Modification of experimental post-subarachnoid hemorrhage vasculopathy with intracisternal plasmin.

This study using pigs was designed to determine the efficacy of delayed subarachnoid plasmin injection in preventing the vasculopathy secondary to experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. Animals received cisterna magna injections of either plasmin or saline 2, 4, or 6 days after double subarachnoid blood injection. The cerebral blood vessels of all animals were examined histologically for evidence of intimal proliferation and medial necrosis. Angiography was not done. The results indicate a progressive increase in the extent and severity of intimal proliferation the longer plasmin injection is delayed. In contrast, the severity of medial necrosis did not correlate with the delay. We conclude that subarachnoid clot lysis is an effective way to prevent vascular injury from subarachnoid blood and that, the sooner it is done after hemorrhage, the more effective it will be.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

The immune response to dietary antigens and its influence on disease susceptibility in farm animals.

Transient hypersensitivity reactions of the intestinal immune system to dietary antigens result in increases in enterocyte turnover and villous atrophy. These changes occur in the intestine of the post weaned piglet and precede the proliferation of E. coli and the development of post-weaning diarrhea. We therefore postulated that a transient cell mediated immune response to dietary antigens may increase susceptibility to disease. The interaction of dietary and microbial antigens upon the gut immune system has been investigated in mice and pigs and it has been shown that both exert powerful regulatory effects upon each other.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1986

Modification of experimental post-subarachnoid hemorrhage vasculopathy with intracisternal plasmin.

Utilizing a double subarachnoid blood injection model in pigs, we have evaluated the protective effect of the intracisternal injection of the thrombolytic agent, plasmin, in preventing the secondary intracranial arteriopathy seen after artificial subarachnoid hemorrhage in untreated animals. Twelve animals injected with plasmin revealed markedly less intimal proliferation and medial necrosis than were seen in control animals. These observations support the hypothesis that the persistence of clotted blood around the intracranial arteries is the cause of the vasculopathy.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Comparison of Bacteroides zoogleoformans strains isolated from soft tissue infections in cats with strains from periodontal disease in humans.

A total of 11 strains of Bacteroides zoogleoformans were isolated from 11 of 106 different cat subcutaneous "fight wound" abscesses and were among a total of 143 Bacteroides species isolated from these samples. They constituted 3.4% (11 of 325) of all anaerobic isolates. The cat strains and strains of B. zoogleoformans isolated from humans with periodontal disease were similar phenotypically as determined by biochemical reactions, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis patterns of soluble proteins, and guanine plus cytosine ratios of DNA. Eight cat strains and five human strains tested had 45 to 54% DNA homology with the type strain of B. zoogleoformans. The eight cat strains and five human strains (excluding the type strain) were related by DNA homology at 70 to 77%. There was 85 to 90% intragroup DNA homology among the cat strains and 86 to 89% intragroup homology among the five human strains. The implications for epidemiology and human and animal ecology are discussed.

Animals↗