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Biomedical subjects

M Antal

Publications and source records attributed to M Antal.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Transduction of amikacin, gentamicin and tobramycin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa with phage F 116 and AP 19, a new wildtype phage.

Amikacin-, tobramycin-, gentamicin- as well as carbenicillin-resistance has been found to be transducible, in various combinations of spectra both with the phage F 116 propagated on an Amikacin-resistant wild-type strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (No. BE 11) and with the phage AP 19 isolated from a different Amikacin-resistant strain (No. 578). Both strains were found to transfer Amikacin-resistance genes presumably by conjugation thus possessing an R plasmid coding for multiple antibiotic resistance. Evidence is presented that classical as well as wild-type phages may acquire and transmit antibiotic resistance genes among pseudomonads. This is particularly significant in view of the importance to preserve Amikacin as an effective reserve antibiotic for treatment of poly-resistant infections including those caused by P. aeruginosa.

Amikacin↗
PubMed1981

[Induction of neuroleptic anesthesia with etomidate].

Changes in the circulation parameters measured during modified neuroleptanalgesia were assessed for 75 cases. No significant deviation from the initial values were observed in the systolic blood pressure and pulse rate in the introductory phase of anesthesia introduced with Etomidate after Droperidol + diazepam premedication and maintained with Fentanyl, relaxation and the inhalation of nitrous oxide. Because of this marked stability of the circulation, the method is considered particularly advantageous for the analgesia of high-risk-patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[The effect of althesin on aqueous humour circulation (author's transl)].

In 31 rabbits the authors studied the systolic blood-pressure, the intraocular pressure and the aqueous humour outflow during althesine-monoanaesthesia. While the systolic blood-pressure decreased, the intraocular pressure increased during anaesthesia. The increase in the intraocular pressure was accompanied by an increase in the outflow facility. The results in relation to the circulatory effects of althesine agreed with the published data, but the increase in the intraocular pressure was at divergence with the findings hitherto reported in publications. On the basis of this experimental data care has to be taken in clinical practice when glaucomatous patients are anaesthetized with althesine.

Alfaxalone Alfadolone Mixture↗
PubMed1980

Effect of moderate chronic protein deficiency on rat salivary components.

Chronic protein insufficiency was achieved in rats with an 8% protein diet initiated at weaning. The total activity and activity per milliliter of the principal salivary protein, amylase, were significantly decreased at day 66. The amount of total protein per milliliter of saliva and total protein in stimulated saliva collected during 30 minutes was decreased in the malnourished rats. The levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and aminopeptidase in saliva were not affected by dietary status. Prolonged malnutrition on the low-protein, high-starch diet resulted in an apparent stimulation or induction of salivary amylase and protein secretion by day 110. Total protein collected and milligram of protein per milliliter of saliva were very similar in the malnourished and control rats at day 110. Salivary amylase activity in the malnourished rats was significantly greater than in the saliva of controls. The initial decrease in the principal salivary protein, amylase, and in total protein followed by a significant increase with prolonged stimulation by low-protein and high-starch diets suggests that early protein deficiency retards synthesis of amylase and that a high-starch diet may induce salivary amylase production.

Aging↗
PubMed1980

[Ultrastructure of the retina in flunitrazepam anesthesia].

Ultrastructure of the retina under experimental flunitrazepam anaesthesia of 1 hour duration was studied. Alterations of neurons and glial cells were not revealed neither after cessation of anaesthesia, nor following 24 or 48 hours after it. These findings seem to indicate that flunitrazepam has no effect on the metabolism of the retina, thus its application in the ophtalmology is free of side effects.

Anesthesia, Intravenous↗
PubMed1980

Different dendritic arborization patterns of motoneurons in various places of the rat's lumbosacral spinal cord.

With the aid of the cobalt labelling technique the distribution and morphology of motoneurons were studied in the 2nd and 3rd lumbar segments of the rat's spinal cord. On the basis of arborization patterns of their dendritic arbors, motoneurons can be classified into six groups. 1. Large stellate-form neurons occupy the centre of the ventral horn. 2. Marginal neurons are found at the ventrolateral border of the ventral horn. 3. Horizontal neurons form a small group in the dorsolateral corner of the ventral horn. 4. Upper stellate neurons situate in the dorsal part of the ventral horn. 5. Triangular neurons constitute a compact group in the medial corner of the ventral horn. 6. Unclassifiable neurons form a scattered group in the ventral part of the ventral horn. The arborization pattern of dendrites of adjacent neurons belonging to the same group frequently resemble one another to such an extent that they are called "twin" neurons and derive probably from a common cell lineage. One member of such twin pairs is often the small counterpart of its much bigger mate. Dendrites originating from the same morphological type of motoneurons and running in the same direction, aggregate into smaller or larger bundles. The majority of dendritic bundles is oriented in, or close to, the transversal plane of the spinal cord; a significant number of longitudinal dendrites are found only in the group of triangular neurons innervating the axial musculature. The possibility is discussed that the differentiation of the different forms is determined both by genetic and epigenetic factors during morphogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Ultrastructural changes in the retina under althesin anesthesia].

Effect of Althesin-mononarcosis of 1--4 hours of duration on the ultrastructure of retina has been studied. In neural elements of the retina pathologic changes have not been observed. Only one unusual phenomenon-increase of glycogen content in Müller cells parallel with the duration of the narcosis has been noticed. Author believes that this phenomenon can be regarded as physiological reaction occurring in sleep.

Alfaxalone Alfadolone Mixture↗
PubMed1979

Ketamine-induced ultrastructural changes in the retina.

The author studied the retinal changes induced by ketamine in animal experiments. Ultrastructural changes were observed in the inner segment of the photoreceptors, in the three nuclear layers, and in the nerve fiber layer following ketamine monoanesthesia of 60 min duration. A pronounced destruction of the Müller's cells nourishing the nervous elements was seen. Three days after the anesthesia, remarkable regression of the neuronal changes and extreme accumulation of glycogen in the Müller's cells occurred. These phenomena, as well as some other ophthalmological side effects, were explained with the development of relative retinal hypoxia due to the increased oxygen metabolism which was caused by the ketamine anesthesia.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Hepatic metabolism in ethanol-treated young rats.

Dams of a Wistar-derived OETI strain were offered a 15% aqueous ethanol solution as drinking-fluid immediately after delivery until weanling. Their offsprings also received the same drinking-fluid from weanling (Group A). Another group of rats received the 15% aqueous ethanol solution only after weanling (Group B). In response to ethanol treatment the retardation of growth was the most marked in Group A, but the growth of rats in Group B was also decreased significantly as compared to that of controls. Hepatic glycogen content was diminished in all of the ethanol-treated groups. Triglyceride content was increased in the livers of female rats in Group A. By comparing earlier results with the present findings the authors point to the importance of strain and sex in experiments when parameters for hepatic metabolism are studied in response to ethanol.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Vessels of intraocular malignant melanomas.

The vessel walls of six malignant choroidal melanomas were thin; only thin basal membranes and narrow endothelial linings could be observed with the electron microscope. The endothelium was even absent in some places. Tumor cells were released into the bloodstream through disruptions of the vessel walls in the epithelioid and spindle cell B type tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Effect of toothbrushing with a fluoride-free and fluoride-containing dentifrice on oral hygiene and number of leukocytes in the gingival fluid.

The number of leukocytes in the gingival exudate and the oral hygiene index during toothbrushing with a fluoride-free and fluoride-containing dentifrice was investigated in humans during a 3-month period. Significant correlations existed between the average number of leukocytes in the gingival exudate and the oral hygiene indices. The number of leukocytes increased significantly during the period of toothbrushing with the Fluoride dentifrice, whereas in the OHI no change was evident.

Dentifrices↗
PubMed1979

Metabolic effects of ethanol in the rat liver.

The NADPH is one of the cofactors in ethanol metabolism. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of ethanol on a NADPH generating enzyme (G6P-DH) and on some metabolic parameters of the liver. After a 2-day starvation period rats were fed a lipid free diet for three days. During this refeeding period the animals were divided into three groups; they received a single daily dose of 4 g per kg b.w. ethanol, isocaloric aqueous glucose solution or water by gastric tube. In response to ethanol the activity of hepatic G6P-DH decreased. The amount of triglyceride remained unchanged, certain changes occurred in the fatty acid composition of total lipid. The liver glycogen content was elevated. In female rats treated with ethanol the activity of glucose-6-phosphatase increased.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Ischemic retinal alterations in cardiac arrest.

Retinal ischemia caused by systemic hypotension produces significant functional and morphological symptoms. Animal experiments were carried out in dogs to study the retinal alterations during cardiac arrest created by artificial pericardial tamponade which lasted for 1 to 9 minutes. The main parameters of the blood circulation were recorded with a multichannel recording system and serial fundus photographs were made. The retinas, after a prompt enucleation of the eye, were studied by light and electron microscope. The retina and arterial walls became cloudy during the circulatory arrest, which were reversible, if the blood circulation was recreated not later than 4 minutes. Ultrastructural alterations can be seen in the retina after 4 minutes. Mitochondrial destruction of the ganglion cells and bipolar cells as well as edema of Muller's cells are the first consequence of the circulatory arrest, which is followed by disintegration of the capillary endothelium and destruction of the inner segment of the photoreceptor cells. These observations suggested that during circulatory arrest serious ultrastructural destructions occur both in the retina and retinal capillaries which explain the definitive diminution of retinal functions.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Effect of ethanol on certain metabolic pathways in young R/Amsterdam rats.

R/Amsterdam rats were offered a 15% aqueous ethanol solution as drinking fluid from delivery via the milk (Group A) or from the weanling (Group B). Ethanol treatment resulted in a significant retardation of growth in both Groups A and B compared to controls (Group C); the changes were more marked in Group A. Female rats responded to ethanol with higher increase of microsomal G6P-ase and mixed function oxygenase activities than males subjected to the same treatment. Hepatic triglyceride, glycogen and protein contents remained unaffected by ethanol. There was no difference in the changes of liver metabolism between Groups A and B either receiving ethanol already from birth via the milk or only after weanling.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

An improved cobalt labeling technique with complex compounds.

Results of axonal labelings with CoCl2, cobaltous lysine and cobaltic lysine complexes are compared on dorsal roots and nerves of the spinal cord and brain stem in the living frog. The most satisfactory staining of fibres and terminals is given by CoCl2; its application however, is limited by its rather short (6--10 mm) axonal transport. Cobaltous lysine is transported somewhat better, but it gives a poor fibre staining in the spinal cord. The axonal transport of cobaltic lysine is the best, covering a distance of 40--50 mm. Combination of cobaltic lysine with 2--5% dimethyl sulphoxide greatly enhances the axonal uptake of cobalt and extends the distance of transport to 70--80 mm. It is assumed that better transport of cobalt complexes is achieved by their less toxic effect on the nerve cell.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Ketamine in the induction of neuroleptoanesthesia].

The technique of ketamine-introduced neuroleptanaesthesia has been modified by altering the order of application of the drugs, and the following changes in the circulatory parameters are analyzed. In contrast data in the literature claiming that the direction of circulatory changes is a function of age, the correlation with the circulating blood volume is pointed out. The method has the advantage of shorting the time needed for the introduction of anaesthesia and of facilitating the detection and timely replacement of any eventual volume deficiency.

Adult↗