Biomedical subjects

M Ando

Publications and source records attributed to M Ando.

At least 829 records · Page 46Linked to original sources

PubMed1991

[The surgical treatment on thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysm in elderly patients over age of 70 years].

For the last 5 years from 1986 to the end of 1990, 279 and 271 surgeries were undertaken on thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysm, respectively. The highest age distribution of the former was between 60 to 69 years old comparing to 70 to 71 years old of later group. In thoracic aortic aneurysm, overall surgical results were inferior to elderly patients, however, this poor result was mainly attributed to the surgery for ruptured-emergency cases. In eliminating these situation, mortality of elderly in elective surgery was found to be equivalent to those of patients age of less than 69 years old. The same findings were also apparent for the surgery on abdominal aortic aneurysm where the mortality was totally the same (2.3% vs 2.4%) in elective surgery but high in ruptured cases (82% vs 30%). The long term survival rates were analysed in both groups in elderly patients. It was found the survival curve in thoracic aneurysm patients was lower especially for the first 5 years following surgery comparing to that of abdominal patients, however, because of relatively small number of patients listed in this late follow up, precise result has to be waited for the future analysis.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1990

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome with premature closure of foramen ovale: report of an unusual type of totally anomalous pulmonary venous return.

We report on a case of hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), associated with premature closure of the foramen ovale and an unusual type of totally anomalous pulmonary venous return. The existence of an anomalous connection of the right upper pulmonary vein to the superior vena cava-right atrial (SVC-RA) junction and the existence of the anomalous intrapulmonary venous channel between right upper and lower pulmonary vein allowed all the pulmonary blood to drain into the SVC-RA junction, whereas she had only partially anomalous pulmonary venous connection. The several intrapulmonary venous channels helped to delay the progression of pulmonary venous obstruction. Chromosomal analysis revealed that the patient had XO Turner syndrome. We conclude that all infants with HLHS should be carefully evaluated for the existence of anomalous pulmonary venous return. Two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography is one of the most useful techniques for evaluating such anomalies.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗

PubMed1990

Chronic dissecting aneurysm of the isolated coronary artery with hemorrhagic myocardial infarction: a rare complication of cardiac operation in a female with Marfan's syndrome.

A 37-year-old female with Marfan's syndrome developed myocardial infarction during a cardiac operation for annuloaortic ectasia and chronic dissecting aneurysm of the aorta. At autopsy, a chronic dissecting aneurysm of the left coronary arterial system (the left main stem, anterior descending branch, first diagonal branch, and circumflex branch) showing a true lumen and a pseudo lumen, which were patent, was found. There was also a hemorrhagic myocardial infarction of the anteroseptal wall and apical portion of the left ventricle.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Serotype-related antigen of Trichosporon cutaneum in the induction of summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis: correlation between serotype of inhalation challenge-positive antigen and that of the isolates from patients' homes.

Inhalation challenge with the culture filtrate-antigens prepared from two strains of different serotype of Trichosporon cutaneum (TIMM 1573, serotype I; TIMM 1318, serotype II) was performed on patients with summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis and asymptomatic seropositive family members. Of the 17 patients, 12 were strongly positive, four were mildly so, and one was negative. Interestingly, of the 16 inhalation challenge-positive patients, four reacted to both serotypes I and II, five to serotype I only, and seven to serotype II only. There was a good correlation between the serotype inhalation challenge-positive antigen and that of T. cutaneum isolated from the homes of two patients' homes. A strain of T. cutaneum demonstrating a new serotype was isolated from the homes of two patients, one of whom was negative to both serotypes I and II. Specific antibody activity, lymphocyte proliferative response, and skin reaction to the antigens were also positive, but these findings were not useful to discriminate the inhalation challenge-positive from the inhalation challenge-negative antigen. Neither of the two asymptomatic family members responded. These results indicate that inhalation challenge in patients with summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis is provoked by the serotype-related antigen of T. cutaneum, reflecting the sensitization of these patients in their homes.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗

PubMed1990

Immunohistological detection of proliferating cells in normal and psoriatic epidermis using Ki-67 monoclonal antibody.

Ki-67 monoclonal antibody (mAb) has been suggested to react only with proliferating cells. In order to study epidermal proliferating cells, immunohistological staining was performed with Ki-67 on 14 skin specimens from normal subjects and 30 from patients suffering from psoriasis. Staining of nuclei by Ki-67 was clearly observed in the epidermis. In normal epidermis, Ki-67+ cells were sparse in the basal layer (L1) and next upper layer (L2), while in psoriatic epidermis, they were abundant in L1, L2 and a few layers above L2. The percentage of positive cells in L1 of normal and psoriatic skin were 4.5 and 54%, respectively. Double staining (Ki-67 and S phase stain using bromodeoxyuridine) was also performed, and the results showed that: 1) the distribution patterns of Ki-67+ cells and those of S phase cells were similar in every section examined; 2) Ki-67 stained almost all S phase cells, and 3) Ki-67 also recognized considerable numbers of non-S phase cells. Therefore our data indicate that Ki-67 can detect a certain population of epidermal proliferating cells that includes S phase cells. Although it remains unclear whether all the proliferating cells in the epidermis can be detected by this mAb, we suggest that Ki-67 staining is an easy and useful technique for evaluating the proliferative activity of the epidermis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Hip joint instability in an infant with paraplegia following aortic surgery.

A report on an infant with paraplegia following aortic surgery who suffered from coarctation of the aorta and a ventricular septum defect (VSD). The spinal paralysis was complete and flaccid. He was found to have paralytic bilateral dislocatable hip joints. Magnetic resonance image (MRI) of spinal cord showed no pathological findings. The hip joints were treated by a hip abduction brace.

Aortic Coarctation↗

PubMed1990

Effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists on meiotic maturation of follicle-enclosed oocytes in rabbits.

The effects of GnRH agonists on in vitro maturation of rabbit follicle-enclosed oocytes were studied. Rabbit preovulatory follicles were cultured with or without hCG (10(2) ng/ml), buserelin (10(2)-10(5) ng/ml), or leuprolide (10(2)-10(5) ng/ml) for 14 hours in vitro. GnRH agonists induced the resumption of meiosis in the follicle-enclosed oocytes in a dose-dependent manner. The percentage of oocytes achieving GVBD following treatment with 10(5) ng/ml buserelin (87.9 +/- 6.3%) or 10(5) ng/ml leuprolide (86.0 +/- 4.1%) did not differ significantly from hCG-treated control (87.3 +/- 3.8%). Mature oocytes initially were detected within 2 hours of GnRH agonist exposure. Concomitant addition of a GnRH antagonist at 10(4) ng/ml significantly blocked the stimulatory effect of GnRH agonist on oocyte maturation. GnRH agonists significantly stimulated both prostaglandin (PG) E2 (PGE2) and PGF2 alpha production by preovulatory follicles (p less than 0.01), but secreted prostanoid levels did not differ significantly among different concentrations of GnRH agonists. Meiotic maturation of follicle-enclosed oocytes following GnRH agonist exposure began 2 hours earlier than production of PGs. PG production stimulated by GnRH agonists was reduced significantly by indomethacin. However, oocyte maturity in the presence of GnRH agonist plus indomethacin did not differ significantly from that of GnRH agonist alone. GnRH agonistic analogues induce the resumption of meiosis in follicle-enclosed oocytes in rabbits by a mechanism other than PG stimulation.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Psoriatic arthritis of the hands in seven adults.

Psoriatic arthritis is defined as an association of psoriasis with an arthropathy characterized mainly by osteolytic changes in the X-ray. To assess its frequency among Japanese psoriatic patients and to characterize their signs and symptoms, we examined 51 patients (37 males, 14 females) for arthropathy of the fingers. Seven patients (5 males, 2 females) had abnormal X-ray findings of the hands. They were compared with psoriatic patients without arthritis epidemiologically, clinically, and hematologically. Metacarpal indices were also measured and compared with the results from rheumatic arthritis patients and controls.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Pregnancy suppression by a platelet activating factor antagonist, ONO-6240, in mice.

Mouse embryos produce an embryo-derived platelet activating factor (EDPAF) during their early developmental stages. The present study was aimed at investigating the physiological significance of EDPAF by using a specific PAF antagonist, ONO-6240. EDPAF-induced platelet decrease was antagonized by ONO-6240 in a dose-dependent manner, although this alone did not affect circulating platelet concentrations. ONO-6240, when administered to maternal mice, increased the proportion of mice conceiving small litter sizes, whereas it did not affect in vivo or in vitro development of embryos. EDPAF was suggested to play an important role in establishing pregnancy in mice by promoting implantation.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Pregnancy suppression by a structurally related antagonist for platelet activating factor, CV-6209, in mice.

The effects of CV-6209, a structurally related antagonist for platelet activating factor (PAF), on pregnancy were investigated in mice, so that the physiologic significance of PAF production by and secretion from preimplantation embryos could be elucidated. When it was repeatedly administered to pregnant mice during days 1-6 of pregnancy, CV-6209 prevented preimplantation thrombocytopenia and reduced the number of implantation sites dose-dependently, CV-6209 suppression of pregnancy was eliminated by concomitant administrations of PAF. When it was administered on various fractional days of pregnancy, CV-6209 suppressed pregnancy most effectively in mice treated during days 4-5 of pregnancy, the days of implantation. CV-6209 treatment exhibited no apparent effect on embryonic development. Implantation was suppressed when day 4 embryos from saline-treated donor mice were transferred in utero to CV-6209-treated recipient mice. Once implanted, however, their in utero growth was normal. The results indicate that PAF is prerequisite to pregnancy by promoting embryonic implantation.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

[A case of massive hemorrhagic enteritis due to rotavirus].

We described a 8-month-old boy of massive hemorrhagic enteritis due to rotavirus complicated by shock. As far as we know, this case is the first patient who developed vascular collapse from the gastrointestinal tract bleeding by rotavirus infection. Clinicians should be alerted to the possibility of the occurrence of severe hemorrhagic enteritis as a life threatening complication in rotavirus induced enteritis.

Enteritis↗

PubMed1990

Fetal cardiovascular cross-sectional morphology of tetralogy of Fallot in rats.

In order to clarify cross-sectional morphology of tetralogy of Fallot in the fetus, 202 rat fetuses with tetralogy of Fallot induced by maternal administration of bis-diamine were studied using cesarean section, the whole body freezing method and by photographing cross sections of the fetal heart on a freezing microtome. Some characteristic features such as large subaortic ventricular septal defects, aortic overriding over the ventricular septum, aortomitral fibrous continuity, and narrow infundibulum and pulmonary valve were found. Moreover, three subtypes were noticed. In classic tetralogy of Fallot with stenotic infundibulum, the size of the pulmonary arteries was smaller in proportion to the infundibular stenosis. In the second type with absent infundibular septum and severe valvular pulmonary stenosis, the pulmonary arteries were most hypoplastic. In the third type with absent pulmonary valve, the pulmonary arteries were dilated forming aneurysms. In the last type only, ventricles were dilated and grossly hypertrophic.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Fetal cardiac morphology of tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve in the rat.

Fetal in situ cardiovascular and bronchial morphologies were studied in rats with tetralogy of Fallot and absent pulmonary valve to clarify the prenatal pathology of this complex. There were 42 fetal rats with this complex among 300 fetuses treated with N,N'-bis-(dichloroacetyl)-1,8-octamethylenediamine (bis-diamine) (200 mg) on the 10th day of pregnancy. After undergoing rapid whole-body freezing on the 21st day, they were studied by means of serial cross-sectional photographs of the frozen thorax. Fetuses with normal heart treated with bis-diamine served as control. Tetralogy of Fallot and absent pulmonary valve in the fetus was associated with absence of the ductus arteriosus, enlargement and hypertrophy of both ventricles, and enlargement of the pulmonary arteries that compressed the bronchial trees. These abnormalities were inversely correlated with the degree of pulmonary stenosis. Milder stenosis (pulmonary valve ring greater than 50% of control, n = 28) was associated with larger pulmonary arteries (250 +/- 12% of control) (mean +/- SEM) and larger ventricles (volume, 200 +/- 15%; mass, 130 +/- 4%). Severe stenosis (pulmonary valve ring less than 50% of control, n = 14) was associated with mildly enlarged pulmonary arteries and mild bronchial compression. We concluded that enlargement of the pulmonary arteries and bronchial compression develop in fetal life and are associated with mild pulmonary stenosis in tetralogy of Fallot and absent pulmonary valve.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Importance of serotype-related antigen in the induction of experimental hypersensitivity pneumonitis by Trichosporon cutaneum in rabbits. Correlation between granulomatous alveolitis and cellular and humoral immune responses to polysaccharide-rich antigen.

We evaluated the immunopathogenic properties of Trichosporon cutaneum, a major etiologic agent of Japanese summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP). When the culture filtrate antigen of T. cutaneum was chromatographed on DEAE-cellulose, two peaks of polysaccharide, fractions A and B, were obtained. Fraction B was highly reactive to the specific IgG and IgA antibodies in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples obtained from sensitized rabbits, whereas fraction A was mainly reactive to the IgG antibodies. When the rabbits sensitized by intratracheal injection with the particulate antigen of T. cutaneum were challenged intratracheally by these antigenic fractions, fraction B induced granulomatous alveolitis, but fraction A induced alveolitis rather than granuloma. Lymphocytes of the mediastinal lymph nodes responded prominently to fraction B, but less to fraction A, as assessed by proliferative response. Each of the fractions B obtained from two strains of different serotypes (TIMM 1573, serotype I and TIMM 1318, serotype II) was reactive in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to the serum samples from the rabbits sensitized with homologous antigen, but far less to that from the rabbits sensitized with heterologous antigen, that is, the antigenic specificity of fraction B was related to the serotype of T. cutaneum. Fractionation by gel filtration on Sepharose CL-4B revealed that the molecular weight of the antigenic components in fraction B was larger than 1,000,000 and that the components consisted mainly of polysaccharide.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗

PubMed1990

Dependence on O2- generation by xanthine oxidase of pathogenesis of influenza virus infection in mice.

We evaluated various biochemical parameters in influenza virus-infected mice and focused on adenosine catabolism in the supernatant of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (s-BALF), lung tissue, and serum (plasma). The activities of adenosine deaminase (ADA) and xanthine oxidase (XO), which generates O2-, were elevated in the s-BALF, lung tissue homogenate, and serum (plasma). The elevations were most remarkable in s-BALF and in lung tissue: We found a 170-fold increase in ADA activity and a 400-fold increase in XO activity as measured per volume of alveolar lavage fluid. The ratio of activity of XO to activity of xanthine dehydrogenase in s-BALF increased from 0.15 +/- 0.05 (control; no infection) to 1.06 +/- 0.13 on day 6 after viral infection. Increased levels of various adenosine catabolites (i.e., inosine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, and uric acid) in serum and s-BALF were confirmed. We also identified O2- generation from XO in s-BALF obtained on days 6 and 8 after infection, and the generation of O2- was enhanced remarkably in the presence of adenosine. Lastly, treatment with allopurinol (an inhibitor of XO) and with chemically modified superoxide dismutase (a scavenger of O2-) improved the survival rate of influenza virus-infected mice. These results indicate that generation of oxygen-free radicals by XO, coupled with catabolic supply of hypoxanthine from adenosine catabolism, is a pathogenic principle in influenza virus infection in mice and that a therapeutic approach by elimination of oxygen radicals thus seems possible.

Adenosine↗

PubMed1990

New trend of cardiac imaging--intravenous coronary arteriography by synchrotron radiation.

Synchrotron radiation is a broadspectrum intense X-ray beam. Selected X-ray wavelength was obtained by Bragg reflex. That is a monochromatic beam, which has a high spatial resolution, and has a K-edge discontinuity in attenuation coefficient, which, by energy subtraction, contributes to improve time resolution. An attempt to apply this method to intravenous coronary arteriography was performed in 7 anesthetized dogs. The beam was obtained by synchrotron radiation from accumulation ring, was reflected by silicon crystal, and was detected by 7 inch image intensifier system. Two-dimensional real time images were recorded on video tape. Phantom experiment was also performed. In dogs, coronary arteries were clearly distinguished by synchrotron radiation, especially at real time by video system. Phantom experiment suggested that coronary arteries could be visualized even over the visualized left ventricle. In conclusion, synchrotron radiation using two-dimensional real time images is expected to be useful in intravenous coronary arteriography in man.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

[The suspended particulate matter (SPM) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in indoor and outdoor air along a main road].

The change in concentration of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in indoor and outdoor air in the Tokyo metropolitan area was studied using a new portable sampler (SPMP-sampler). The relationship between the airborne particle concentration in indoor and outdoor air varied with the aerodynamic diameters of the particles. The concentration of the SPM in indoor air increased in proportion to that in outdoor air. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentration in SPM also varied with the aerodynamic diameters of the particles. Fine particles with diameters of less than 2 microns contained high concentrations of PAH. The PAH concentration in indoor air increased in proportion to that in outdoor air. There were significant correlations between the concentrations of B(k)F, B(a)P, and B(ghi)P in indoor air. The mutagenic activities in the airborne particles also varied with the aerodynamic diameters of the particles. Fine particles with diameters of less than 2 microns had high mutagenic activities.

Air Pollutants↗

PubMed1990

[Risk evaluation of stratospheric ozone depletion resulting from chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) on human health].

Chlorofluorocarbon-11 (CFC11) lasts for an average of 74 years in the atmosphere, CFC12 for an average of 111 years, and CFC113 for an average of 90 years. Every CFC molecule destroys thousands of molecules of stratospheric ozone. Recently, the extent of the Antarctic ozone hole has been recognized. The depletion of stratospheric ozone may lead to increase ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation. UV-B radiation has many damaging effects on human health, such as snow blindness, cataract and skin cancer. UV-B radiation also suppresses the immune defenses against certain infections. While it is difficult to estimate the numerical effect on the basis of epidemiologic data in the U.S. A., UNEP and WHO estimate that for every 1% decrease in stratospheric ozone, there will be between a 0.3 to 0.6% increase in cataract. They also estimate that for every 1% depletion of ozone, the incidences of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma will increase 2.7, 4.6 and 0.6%, respectively. There is also concern that increased UV-B radiation might lead to an increase of the incidence and severity of infectious diseases due to suppression of the immune system. Since the data on UV-B exposure are extremely limited, it is necessary to confirm the incidence rate of skin cancer in various countries in relation to UV-B exposure.

Air Pollutants↗