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Biomedical subjects

M Ando

Publications and source records attributed to M Ando.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Dielectric measurements on the rabbit cornea using a surface electrode].

Using a concentric surface electrode, we measured in situ electrical impedance in the 10 kHz-100 MHz range for the anterior portion of eyeballs isolated from white rabbits. Replacement of fluid in the anterior chamber with an equal volume of air led to decreases in conductivity, resulting in a marked alteration of impedance behavior as expressed in a loss tangent plot. Eyeballs either with corneal erosin induced through mechanical abrasion or with endothelial injury caused by a 70% ethanol replacement in the anterior chamber were subjected to impedance measurements. Dielectric analysis based on the two-term Cole-Cole equation revealed that the observed overall dielectric dispersion could be divided into two subdispersions. Of these, the first dispersion, occurring at low frequencies was associated with the endothelial layer and the second, higher-frequency dispersion was due to the epithelial layer of the cornea.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Relationship between limitation of daily life and prognosis in patients with sequelae of tuberculosis treated with long-term oxygen therapy].

The sequelae of tuberculosis (TBC) sometimes causes severe restrictive lung disorders. In Japan, lung tuberculosis was pandemic up to the 1950s, with TBC being a major underlying disease of chronic respiratory failure and cor pulmonale. Until the end of 1991, we encountered 95 cases of Home Oxygen Therapy (HOT) in Ogaki area, 30 of which were patients with TBC. To clarify factors affecting the prognosis of these patients, we examined background factors, directing special attention to daily activities. In this study, 10 inactive patients (Group A) whose daily activity was limited to indoors and 10 control patients (Group B) whose age, vital capacity and arterial PO2 were equal to inactive patients, from the 30 TBC cases were used. A comparison was made of the prognoses. Among the patients, activity was closely related to dyspnea grade and arterial PCO2. Group A patients showed more marked dyspnea and lower arterial PCO2 than those of group B patients. Percentage home stay and cumulative survival rates of Group A patients (percentage home stay, 59.2 +/- 38.7% and 3 year survival, 26.3%) were significantly less than those of Group B patients (91.0 +/- 16.4% and 87.5%, p < 0.05, respectively). Among chronic pulmonary emphysema patients treated with HOT, no significant relation between activity and prognosis could be found, when factors of age, arterial PO2 and forced expiratory volume in 1 sec were excluded. There would thus appear to be a close relation between activity and prognosis in TBC patients specific for underlying disease.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1993

[A case of drug induced pneumonitis caused by oral etoposide].

We report a case of drug induced pneumonitis caused by oral etoposide. A 63-year-old man was admitted to our hospital in August 1991 because of low grade fever and dyspnea. He underwent right upper lobectomy on Nov. 27th, 1990 for lung cancer (squamous cell carcinoma), and courses of adjuvant chemotherapy (CBDCA, IFX, etoposide) during the following admission period. He was discharged on Feb. 14th, 1991, and as an outpatient, oral etoposide (25 mg/day) was administered for about 7 months (6,125 mg in total). Chest X-ray film on admission showed reticulonodular shadows in bilateral lung fields, and computed tomography showed diffuse interstitial shadows. Blood gas analysis showed marked hypoxemia (PaO2 breathing room air was 48.4 Torr). Transbronchial lung biopsy revealed edema of the alveolar walls and marked proliferation of type II alveolar epithelial cells, suggesting cytotoxic reaction. After termination of etoposide administration and following steroid pulse therapy, both clinical symptoms and hypoxemia were ameliorated. To our knowledge, this is the first report of etoposide-induced pneumonitis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1993

Pulmonary involvement in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-I uveitis: T-lymphocytosis and high proviral DNA load in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.

The ocular manifestation of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection has been recognized as a new clinical entity termed HTLV-I uveitis. In order to determine whether HTLV-I uveitis is associated with lymphocyte alveolitis, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was carried out in 11 patients with HTLV-I uveitis, five asymptomatic HTLV-I carriers, 11 HTLV-I-negative patients with ocular sarcoidosis, and nine normal control subjects seronegative for HTLV-I. Six of the 11 patients with HTLV-I uveitis showed increased total cell counts, and T-lymphocytosis in BAL fluid. CD4+/CD8+ ratios of T-lymphocytes were decreased in three of these patients, and normal in three other patients. Such abnormalities of the lung were not found in asymptomatic HTLV-I carriers, and in normal control subjects. BAL findings in HTLV-I uveitis differed from those of patients with sarcoidosis in terms of the lymphocytic component. Interestingly, it was found that there was an increase of HTLV-I proviral deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) load in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from seven patients with HTLV-I uveitis, and in the BAL cells from four patients with pulmonary involvement. These results provide further evidence in terms of HTLV-I tropism for the lung, and suggest that a systemic and local increase of HTLV-I proviral DNA load plays an important role in the pathogenesis of lymphocyte alveolitis in patients with HTLV-I uveitis.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid↗
PubMed1993

[Cardiac hemangioma of the interventricular septum and right ventricle: a case report].

A 52-year-old man who had been pointed out cardiac tumor on echocardiography, CT, MRI and coronary angiography was admitted to our hospital. He was asymptomatic. The surgical excision of the tumor was performed under extracorporal circulation and the postoperative period was free of event. It was not certain whether it originated from interventricular septum or right ventricle. The histology was mixed hemangioma composed of capillary and cavernous type.

Heart Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

[The evaluation of portal venous invasion of pancreatic cancer by endoscopic ultrasonography].

Thirty-six cases of pancreatic cancer including 27 cases of so-called mucin producing cancer of the pancreas, examined with endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and treated with surgery, were reviewed to evaluate the usefulness of EUS in the diagnosis of portal venous (PV) invasion. The detection rate of pancreatic tumors cancer by EUS was 92% in 36 cases. The detection rate of PV invasion by EUS was compared with histological results in each case. Judgement of the correlation between the tumor and the PV wall was possible in 30 cases (83%), and the overall accuracy of EUS in the diagnosis of PV invasion was 73%. It is concluded that EUS is a very useful method for diagnosis of PV invasion in cases of pancreatic cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

The pathogenesis of femoral head deformity in congenital dislocation of the hip. Experimental study of the effects of articular interpositions in pigs.

An experimental study was conducted based on the hypothesis that articular interpositions such as inverted limbi are major factors influencing deformities of the femoral head and neck that complicate treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip. In 24 neonatal pigs, the hip was fixed in a cast for one to three hours in the frog-leg position after insertion of an allogeneic meniscus into the hip joint. No macroscopic changes were observed immediately and one day after the above procedure, but electron microscopy showed degeneration of the cells in the physis. After 29-39 days, varus deformity and flattening of the femoral head were observed in all animals. After five months, marked deformity of the femoral head and replacement of the physis by fibrous tissue were noted. Angiograms obtained during cast fixation and 30 minutes after removal of the cast showed no circulatory occlusion. A short period of immobilization in the frog-leg position combined with articular interposition plays a major role in degeneration of the physis and predisposes to deformities of the femoral head and neck.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Hydroxyl radical production by H2O2 plus Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase reflects the activity of free copper released from the oxidatively damaged enzyme.

To elaborate the catalytic activity of Cu2+ of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the generation of hydroxyl radical (.OH) from H2O2, we investigated the mechanism of inactivation of alpha 1-protease inhibitor (alpha 1-PI), mediated by H2O2 and Cu,Zn-SOD. When alpha 1-PI was incubated with 500 units/ml Cu,Zn-SOD and 1.0 mM H2O2, 60% of anti-elastase activity of alpha 1-PI was lost within 90 min. ESR spin trapping using 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide showed that free .OH was indeed generated in the reaction of Cu,Zn-SOD/H2O2; this was substantiated by the almost complete eradication of .OH by either ethanol or dimethyl sulfoxide accompanied by the generation of carbon-centered radicals. .OH production and alpha 1-PI inactivation in the H2O2/SOD system became apparent at 30 min or later. Dimethyl sulfoxide and 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide protected inactivation of alpha 1-PI significantly in this system, indicating that alpha 1-PI inactivation was mediated by .OH. SOD activity decreased rapidly during the reaction with H2O2 for the initial 30 min. Time-dependent changes in the ESR signal of SOD showed the destruction of ligands for Cu2+ in SOD by H2O2 within this initial period. Thus we conclude that inactivation of alpha 1-PI is mediated in the H2O2/Cu,Zn-SOD system via the generation of .OH by free Cu2+ released from oxidatively damaged SOD.

Cyclic N-Oxides↗
PubMed1992

Cleavage of hexokinase II to two domains by trypsin without significant change in catalytic activity.

Hexokinase II prepared from Ehrlich-Lettre hyperdiploid tumor cells (ELD cells) was subjected to a limited digestion by trypsin. After 60 min digestion, hexokinase II (100 kDa) was completely cleaved to two fragments with the molecular weight of about 60 kDa and 40 kDa as manifested in SDS-PAGE. It was noteworthy that the enzyme activity was observed even at the time when the native enzyme molecule was no more detectable. These fragments were separated by SDS-PAGE irrespective of the presence of a reducing agent, but neither by native PAGE nor by cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis under the nondenaturing conditions. Neither kinetic parameters such as Km values for ATP and glucose nor an ability of binding to mitochondria were changed significantly by the tryptic digestion. These results indicate that an essential conformation of hexokinase II can be restored by the self-association of two fragments produced as a result of the cleavage by trypsin at the middle of the molecule. Affinity labeling with 2',3'-dialdehyde ATP followed by the trypsin digestion showed that ATP binding site resided in the 40 kDa fragment. Furthermore, the mode of the response in the incorporation of this ATP analog to hexose phosphate, moreover, was similar to that in the catalytic activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

A novel transthyretin mutation at position 30 (Leu for Val) associated with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy.

A novel transthyretin (TTR) mutation associated with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy was detected in a Japanese patient. Single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis and sequence analysis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified exons of the patient's TTR gene revealed a point mutation resulting in a substitution of leucine for valine at position 30. As the mutation creates a Cfr13I site, it was confirmed by PCR and restriction analysis. Our finding indicates the importance of position 30 in TTR-derived amyloid fibril formation.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1992

Direct activation of phospholipase A2 by GTP-binding protein in human peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

In human peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN), 10% of PLA2 activity was found in the particulate fraction. In the particulate fraction, the activity of phospholipase A2 was enhanced 270% by 100 microM guanosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate, a hydrolysis-resistant analog of GTP. In the soluble fraction, such enhancement was not observed. Guanosine 5'-[beta-thio]diphosphate (2 mM), which irreversibly inactivates GTP-binding protein, blocked the enhancement in the particulate fraction. Membrane-binding phospholipase A2 activity of PMN would thus appear to be regulated directly by GTP-binding protein.

Enzyme Activation↗
PubMed1992

Ontogenetic development, differentiation, and phenotypic expression of macrophages in fetal rat lungs.

Development, differentiation, and distribution of macrophages in fetal rat lungs were investigated immunohistochemically using anti-rat macrophage monoclonal antibodies. In the lung buds, RM-1+ macrophages were first detected on fetal day 13, and some showed reactivity for TRPM-2. They populated in the peribronchial mesenchyme of the lung buds, proliferated in loco, and showed no peroxidase activity in any intracellular organelles. Their immunophenotypic and ultrastructural features were consistent with those of primitive/fetal macrophages. By fetal day 16, some of them expressed ED1, but ED1+ cells were a minor subpopulation throughout the fetal period. On fetal day 18, ED2+ macrophages developed; some also were positive for RM-1, but the others were negative. Both the RM-1+ and ED2+ macrophages were major macrophage subpopulations and expressed Ki-M2R and/or TRPM-3; ED2+ and/or Ki-M2R+ cells are regarded as pulmonary interstitial resident macrophages. In organ culture, a similar expression of differentiation antigens by macrophages was confirmed. None of these macrophages cytochemically showed any peroxidase activity in vivo or in vitro. In the fetal stage, both RM-1+ and ED2+ macrophage subpopulations showed proliferative potential, suggesting their ability to proliferate and survive in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Effects of eel atrial natriuretic peptide on NaCl and water transport across the intestine of the seawater eel.

Eel atrial natriuretic peptide inhibited the serosa-negative transepithelial potential difference and short-circuit current, accompanied by a decrease in NaCl and water absorption across the seawater eel intestine. Similar effects were obtained after treatment with N-terminally truncated eel atrial natriuretic peptide (5-27), indicating that N-terminal amino acids are not essential for the action of eel atrial natriuretic peptide. Although mammalian atrial natriuretic peptides also inhibited the short-circuit current, a 100-fold higher concentration was required to obtain the same effect as with eel atrial natriuretic peptide, indicating that eel atrial natriuretic peptide is 100 times as potent in eel intestine as the mammalian atrial natriuretic peptides. Similarly, in mammalian atrial natriuretic peptide, the four N-terminal amino acids had no significant effects. However, when the C-terminal tyrosine was removed, the potency of rat atrial natriuretic peptide was lowered. Compared with the effects of acetylcholine, serotonin and histamine, eel atrial natriuretic peptide was the most potent inhibitor, with 100% inhibition at 10(-7) M; 50% inhibition was obtained at 10(-2) M in acetylcholine, and 30% inhibition in serotonin (10(-5) M) and histamine (10(-3) M). These inhibitory effects of eel atrial natriuretic peptide were not diminished even in the presence of tetrodotoxin, and were mimicked by 8-bromoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate. Based on these results, structure-activity relationships of eel atrial natriuretic peptide and a possible mechanism of action of eel atrial natriuretic peptide are discussed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗