Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Amano

Publications and source records attributed to M Amano.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Three-dimensional analysis of maxillary alveolar process in bilateral cleft lip and palate patients].

The collapsed maxillary alveolar arch in bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) patients was quantitatively evaluated by three dimensional analysis. Materials were consisted of alveolar models taken from 15 Japanese boys (11 years old) with BCLP. The findings obtained were as follows: 1. Examination of the alveolar displacement in individual BCLP patients disclosed a marked tendency of inward and upward displacement of the lateral segments. On the other hand, premaxilla showed an upward displacement in the vertical dimension with a great deal of variation in the amount and direction of horizontal displacement. 2. Concerning the average amount of horizontal displacement, the premaxilla showed relatively little, but the lateral segment, especially the left one, showed a considerably large amount. In the vertical dimension, both the premaxilla and lateral segment were displaced markedly upward. 3. Patterns of collapsed alveolar arch in BCLP patients were classified according to the amount of horizontal displacement of the premaxilla into the following 4 types; type A (larger displacement towards the inside), type B (moderate or smaller displacement towards the inside), type C (moderate or smaller displacement towards the outside) and type D (larger displacement towards the outside). The order of prevalence of these 4 types was B,C,A,D in order. On the other hand, in the vertical dimension, the direction of displacement of the premaxilla was upward in all patients. 4. The anterior edge of the lateral segments showed the largest amount of displacement both in the horizontal and vertical dimensions. In a comparison of these results with those of Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate (UCLP), the total amount of horizontal displacement of the maxillary alveolar process was larger in UCLP, while the vertical one was larger in BCLP. A remarkable difference between BCLP and UCLP was found in the displacement of the anterior region due to the premaxilla in BCLP.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1987

One-electron reduction of the oxyform of 2,4-diacetyldeuterocytochrome P-450cam.

The reaction of the hydrated electron with a ferrous oxygenated form of modified cytochrome P-450cam, containing 2,4-diacetyldeuteroheme, was investigated by the use of pulse radiolysis. The ferrous oxygenated form of this enzyme was reduced by hydrated electrons to form the product, which exhibits absorption maximum at 470 and 370 nm. From the spectrum obtained, the oxidation state of the product is discussed in relation to the higher oxidation states of chloroperoxidase.

Camphor 5-Monooxygenase↗
PubMed1987

A change of the hepatocyte population is responsible for the progressive increase of vitellogenin synthetic capacity at and after metamorphosis of Xenopus laevis.

Synthesis of the egg yolk precursor protein, vitellogenin, can be induced in adult, but not in larval, amphibian hepatocytes by estrogen treatment. The transition process for this inducibility of hepatocytes during development of Xenopus laevis was examined, using primary cultures of hepatocytes. This was found to occur at about the metamorphic climax of stage 62, although the level of vitellogenin production was very limited at this stage. This low level seemed due neither to insufficient estradiol-17 beta nor to high estrogen-degrading activity. The level of synthesis gradually increased following metamorphosis. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that fewer than 5% of the hepatocytes at stage 62 could be stained with antivitellogenin antibody and that the stained cell fraction subsequently increased gradually for several months after metamorphosis. These findings indicate that adult-type cells capable of synthesizing vitellogenin appear at metamorphosis and then expand their population in the liver during postmetamorphic maturation.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effect of beta-adrenergic receptor blockade on atrial natriuretic peptide in essential hypertension.

Plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) were measured in 32 untreated subjects with essential hypertension and in 31 patients undergoing long-term treatment with beta-blockers. Patients receiving beta-blockers had significantly higher mean plasma ANP levels (72.0 +/- 36.0 [SD] pg/ml) than did untreated hypertensive subjects (39.8 +/- 15.8 pg/ml; p less than 0.01) and healthy normotensive controls (33.9 +/- 16.6 pg/ml; n = 61, p less than 0.01), while the mean plasma ANP concentration in untreated hypertensive subjects was not statistically different from that in control subjects. Administration of atenolol, 50 mg/day, for 4 weeks to 10 untreated subjects resulted in a significant (p less than 0.001) rise in plasma ANP levels (from 38.8 +/- 9.5 to 68.7 +/- 20.6 pg/ml). In 31 patients undergoing long-term treatment with beta-blockers, multivariate regression analysis revealed that age, pretreatment mean blood pressure, and plasma concentration of cyclic 3',5'-guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) were significant predictors of plasma ANP levels. These results suggest that beta-adrenergic receptor blockade in patients with essential hypertension elevates plasma ANP levels with a concomitant rise in cGMP concentrations, and that increased ANP in plasma may play a role in the compensatory mechanism that operates in response to beta-adrenergic receptor blockade.

Acebutolol↗
PubMed1987

High renin hypertension in the elderly.

This paper describes clinical features of high renin hypertension in the elderly. Peripheral plasma renin activity ranged from 0 to 20.1 ng/ml/hr in 59 hypertensive in-patients aged 70 to 86. The patients were divided into 2 groups: 9 cases with plasma renin activity greater than or equal to 3.0 ng/ml/hr (high renin group) and the remaining 50 with plasma renin activity less than 3.0 ng/ml/hr (control group). The development of hypertension differed between the 2 groups. Six of the high renin group (66.7%) had a history of acceleration of previously mild hypertension, while only 3 of the control group (6.0%) had this history (p less than 0.01). The frequencies of high diastolic blood pressure (greater than or equal to 120 mmHg), massive proteinuria (at least 3.0 g/day), hypokalemia (serum potassium less than or equal to 3.0 mEq/L) and high serum cholesterol (greater than or equal to 250 mg/100 ml) were significantly greater in the high renin group than in the control group (p less than 0.01, respectively). Renovascular hypertension was suspected in 6 patients from the high renin group (66.7%), as compared with 1 of the control group (2.0%) (p less than 0.001). There was massive proteinuria in 3 of 6 patients with renovascular hypertension in the high renin group and 2 showed nephrotic syndrome. Thus, two-thirds of the elderly patients with high renin hypertension had probable renovascular hypertension with a history of rapid progression of hypertension.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Cervicobrachial disorders in school-lunch female cooks].

To clarify the relationship between the cervicobrachial disorders in the school-lunch female cooks and number of lunch, 15 elementary school-lunch cooks of O town whose quorum were observed by the standard of the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture and 19 cooks of M town whose quorum was one more than the standard were examined medically and their work conditions were also investigated. Results were as follows: 1) There were significantly (p less than 0.01) more cooks medically classified as "Normal (A)" in M town than in O town. Conversely, cooks classified as "Need therapy (C)" were more numerous in O town (p less than 0.01) than in M town (p less than 0.05). 2) In clinical findings prevalence rates such as median nerve extension test, cinesalgia in the neck, tenderness (flexor tendon of the lst finger of the hand, trapezius muscle, rhomboid muscle, teres minor muscle, brachioradial muscle) were higher in O town cooks than in M town cooks significantly (p less than 0.05). Complaint rates of the subjective symptoms or activities of daily living such as "pain in the neck," "pain in the arms," "want to lie down at free time" were higher in O town cooks than those in M town cooks significantly (p less than 0.05). 3) Average numbers of lunch and classes per cook were 137 lunch and 3.3 classes for O town cooks, and 114 and 2.9 for M town cooks, respectively. The average number of lunch of two towns were significantly different (p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Thymidylate synthetase and thymidine kinase activities in rat growing cartilage.

The purpose of the present study is to determine whether or not the differences in cellular proliferation in rat nasal septal cartilage and tibial cartilage are reflected by differences in the pattern of age-related changes in thymidylate synthetase (TS) and thymidine kinase (TK) activities. TS and TK are responsible for thymidine monophosphate formation via, respectively, the de novo and the salvage pathways. The present study also examines the effects of glucocorticoids, which are known to affect the proliferation of chondrocytes, on TS and TK activities in these cartilaginous tissues. Both enzyme activities declined with age, and the decline in TK activity was more rapid than that of TS. The TK/TS ratio decreased with age more rapidly in nasal septal cartilage. These findings suggest that nasal septal cartilage might mature earlier than tibial cartilage and, furthermore, that in rapidly growing tissues the salvage pathway functions predominantly. Prednisone injection (2.5 mg/100 g, at 4 days after birth) clearly disturbed the gain of body weight. TK activity significantly decreased concomitantly with this arrest in weight gain, while in contrast TS activity was not depressed. This marked difference between TS and TK activities induced by prednisone suggests that these two enzymes may be regulated independently.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Lipid peroxidation in experimental septic rats.

We previously reported increased lipid peroxide and decreased alpha-tocopherol levels in the blood of critically ill septic patients. To clarify these results, we investigated lipid peroxidation in experimental septic rats and severely traumatized rats. In septic rats, both platelet count and plasma alpha-tocopherol decreased significantly, while lipid peroxide in plasma and major organs significantly increased. Serum transaminases also increased significantly. Traumatized rats had a significant but transient decrease in platelet count and a continuous decrease in plasma alpha-tocopherol; lipid peroxide did not change significantly in the plasma but increased significantly in the lung and kidney. Serum transaminases of traumatized rats showed transient increases. Thus, although traumatic stress caused lipid peroxidation similar to sepsis in the major organs, plasma lipid peroxide did not change.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Deadtime correction method using random coincidence for PET.

A deadtime correction method is proposed for quantitative measurements in positron emission tomography. The correction is based on the observation that a deadtime loss of the random coincidence events corresponds to that of the single events and of the total coincidence events. Using the proposed correction method, the deadtime loss was kept within 1% up to the true coincidence rate of 50 X 10(3) cps per plane for a cylindrical phantom of 20 cm in diameter. Accuracy of the method is confirmed to be independent of the size of the object.

Brain↗