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Biomedical subjects

M Adachi

Publications and source records attributed to M Adachi.

At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Norepinephrine levels in the coronary sinus in patients with cardiovascular diseases at rest and during isometric handgrip exercise.

In order to evaluate cardiac sympathetic nerve activity, plasma norepinephrine levels in the coronary sinus (NECS) and in the artery (NEA) were determined in 24 subjects with cardiovascular diseases and in six with functional murmur. The resting NECS was greater than NEA in 14 subjects with normal left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) (p < 0.001) and/or in 22 with normal cardiac index (p < 0.04), whereas NECS was not significantly different from NEA in the remaining patients with elevated LVEDP and/or with reduced cardiac index. Isometric handgrip exercise increased both NECS and NEA (p < 0.001). When subjects were divided into two groups according to the slope of the ventricular function curve (delta stroke work index/delta LVEDP), NECS during exercise was greater then NEA in the group having slopes of 1.0 or more (p < 0.01), but neither values significantly differed in the group with slopes of less than 1.0. In the latter group, cardiac NE overflow rat calculated from the difference between NECS and NEA multiplied by coronary sinus plasma flow, was significantly less than that of the former group before and during handgrip (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). These results suggest that cardiac norepinephrine release into the coronary sinus is reduced in patients with impaired cardiac function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

A case report of leiomyosarcoma originating in the ligamentum teres of the liver.

A case of leiomyosarcoma that appeared to have originated in the ligamentum teres hepatis of a 66-year-old female has been presented. The case was suspected of leiomyosarcoma originating in the ligamentum teres of the liver from the findings by preoperative examinations, and definitely diagnosed as such in a laparotomy and by histological examination of the resected tissue specimen.

Female↗
PubMed1979

Cytology, growth characteristics and cellular alterations following SV40-induced transformation of human foetal brain cells derived from a Gm2 gangliosidosis and control.

Cell cultures were derived from the cerebra of a control and a Gm2 gangliosidosis (Tay-Sachs disease (TSD)) foetus. Both cell lines were identified as astrocytic, based on the ultrastructural demonstration of glial fibres. The control culture exhibited morphological differentiation when exposed to dibutyryl cAMP, a finding which was not observed with the TSD cells. The TSD culture demonstrated the pathobiological features of the disease, which included the absence of hexosaminidase A, increased concentration of Gm2 ganglioside and the detection of membranous cytoplasmic bodies by electron microscopy. Control and TSD cells were exposed to SV40 virus, resulting ultimately in the isolation of transformants which differed from the parental cell types in morphology, growth rate and greatly accelerated cell death. Both control and TSD cell lines have been in propagation for over 200 subcultures and the transformants were identified as astrocytic, based on the retention of characteristic glial fibres. The control culture demonstrated a chromosome range of 34--63, with a mean of 47. In contrast, the TSD transformants exhibited a range of 50--107 and a mean of 74. Transformed lines retained their parental hexosaminidase isoenzyme profiles; Hex A and B in control, and Hex B in TSD cells. Membraneous cytoplasmic bodies persisted in the TSD line. Neither line could be induced to differentiate after exposure to cAMP. Additionally, they had a population doubling time of under 85 h and failed to release infectious virus particles. Significant alterations in the total quantity and distribution profile of gangliosides were noted following viral transformation. A large increase in the percentage of Gm3 and a more modest increase in Gm2 were detected. In contrast, transformed lines were characterized by substantial reduction in the percentage of glucosamine-containing Gm2 and polysialoganglioside. Additionally, cultures exhibited a characteristic reduction in ganglioside content after transformation. The in vitro transformation of human brain cells has resulted in the derivation of permanent astrocytic lines which are, by virtue of their rapid growth rate and long-term survival, uniquely suited and adapted to the large scale in vitro production of substantial quantities of cells required for extensive biochemical study. Significantly, those characteristics which are unique to the Gm2 gangliosidosis storage disease have been retained in a permanent model CNS cell line.

Brain↗
PubMed1979

Falsely high urinary catecholamines induced by labetalol.

A preoperative patient with pheochromocytoma was satisfactorily treated with oral labetalol, while a conspicuous increase in urinary output of catecholamines (CA) and of vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) was observed after labetalol therapy. Exaggerated increases in urinary CA and in VMA were also confirmed in normal volunteers immediately after oral labetalol. These effects of labetalol on urinary CA and VMA, however, were proved to be largely due to the interference with the usual photometries rather than due to its stimulation of CA release. Therefore, it should be emphasized that clinical evaluations of CA and its metabolites must be performed before labetalol therapy to avoid an erroneous diagnosis of pheochromocytoma.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Effect of tolbutamide on plasma catecholamine in insulin dependent diabetics.

In 4 cases of insulin dependent diabetics, blood levels of glucose, C-peptide reactivity (CPR), free fatty acid, and catecholamines were followed after the intravenous tolbutamide response test. Plasma CPR was low and did not respond to tolbutamide injection, and blood levels of glucose and free fatty acid did not change during the test. Fifteen min after the tolbutamide injection, plasma epinephrine plus norepinephrine and norepinephrine levels fell to 87.5% and 67.4% of the initial values, respectively. These results suggest that decrease in the blood glucose and free fatty acid levels usually observed after tolbutamide injection is not the direct action of drug, but is secondary to insulin secretion, and tolbutamide-induced decrease in catecholamines may contribute to the secretion of insulin from the pancreatic beta-cells.

Catecholamines↗
PubMed1978

Exocytosis plays an important role in catecholamine secretion from human pheochromocytoma.

Plasma dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBY) activity, urinary catecholamine (CA) and vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) were studied pre- and postoperatively in 20 patients with pheochromocytoma. Preoperative plasma DBH activities were distributed widely, ranging from normal to very high; the mean value of DBH as well as urinary CA and VMA was significantly greater than that of normal subjects. Postoperative falls of plasma DBH activity, of urinary CA and of VMA were by 76%, 96% and 83% of the preoperative level, respectively. Significant correlations were observed between postoperative falls of individual DBH activities, urinary VMA and weight of the tumors, whereas there was correlation neither between preoperative DBH activity and urinary CA, nor between the rate of postoperative falls of these respective values. These findings suggest that pheochromocytoma is capable of secreting DBH, and wide variations in the rate of DBH output from these tumors may account for varying capacity of CA biosynthesis in the tumor. Further, it may be concluded that the process of exocytosis plays an important role in the mode of CA secretion by these tumors, although secretion through diffusion may be operating as well.

Adolescent↗