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Biomedical subjects

M Abe

Publications and source records attributed to M Abe.

At least 1,045 records · Page 58Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Is the syndrome of pathological laughing and crying a manifestation of pseudobulbar palsy?

A case of angiographically occult brainstem vascular malformation presenting solely with pathological laughing and crying is reported. Although this emotional syndrome has been seen in association with several different pathological entities, review of the literature failed to identify its occurrence as the only clinical expression of angiographically occult brainstem vascular malformation, or as a solitary symptom in any disease. Our data suggest that pathological laughing and crying can occur without any other manifestation of pseudobulbar palsy. An attempt is made to correlate this patient's clinical and radiological findings. This case was treated by stereotactic Bragg-peak proton beam therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Plasma pancreastatin-like immunoreactivity in various diseases.

Plasma pancreastatin (PST)-like immunoreactivity in normal subjects and patients with various diseases was estimated by a RIA, using antiserum raised against a synthetic C-terminal peptide of human PST deduced from the sequence of human chromogranin-A. The mean level +/- SEM was 13.2 +/- 0.6 pmol/L in normal subjects, but was significantly higher in patients with chronic renal failure (526.7 +/- 48.5). An immunoreactive form corresponding to a human PST-like sequence [human chromogranin-A-(250-301)] and a larger form were detected by gel filtration of plasma from these patients, suggesting accumulation of the larger molecular form in these patients. A significant increase in PST-like immunoreactivity was also found in patients with liver cirrhosis (20.8 +/- 3.0 pmol/L), but not in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, chronic pancreatitis, or pancreatic cancer. Elevated levels were found in 16 of the 21 patients with small cell lung carcinoma examined. High levels were also found in 3 of 11 patients with islet cell tumor.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of CN-100 (2-(10,11-dihydro-10-oxodibenzo [b,f] thiepin-2-yl) propionic acid) on cardiovascular and autonomic nervous function in the dog and guinea pig].

1) In pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs, intravenous administration of CN-100 at 40 mg/kg exhibited a transient hypotension, accompanied with a slight respiratory excitation and a temporal increase of heart rate followed by slight and gradual decrease at 20 and 40 mg/kg. 2) In isolated guinea pig atria, CN-100 (10(-4), 10(-5) g/ml) decreased the heart rate, without influencing the myocardial contraction. 3) In anesthetized dogs, the vertebral and carotid blood flow slightly and gradually increased at 5-20 mg/kg and decreased at 40 mg/kg. The drug at 20 mg/kg similarly increased the femoral flow. 4) In anesthetized dogs, CN-100 (40 mg/kg) slightly potentiated hypertensive responses to noradrenaline and adrenaline, without affecting heart rate responses to these amines. 5) In anesthetized dogs, CN-100 (40 mg/kg) scarcely had effect on the blood pressure rise and bradycardia induced by respective proximal and distal end stimulation of the severed vagus nerve, but enhanced the hypertension due to the carotid sinus reflex. CN-100 augmented the tachycardia elicited by pre- and postganglionic stellate stimulation in spinal dogs. 6) In isolated guinea pig trachea muscle, CN-100 (3 x 10(-6) g/ml) reduced the resting tone and relaxation response to noradrenaline, but slightly enhanced contractile responses to field stimulation and acetylcholine. 7) These results suggest that CN-100 exerts weak cardiovascular and autonomic nervous actions.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Seven-legged calf--dipygus with an extra foreleg at the pelvic region.

A male Holstein-Friesian calf with seven legs was examined macroscopically and radiographically. External features included two normal forelimbs, two normal hindlimbs (lateral hindlimbs), and two abnormal hindlimbs (medial hindlimbs) which were underdeveloped. Also, a rudimentary forelimb, which was attached to the pelvic region, was observed between both the medial hindlimbs. It consisted of an underdeveloped humerus, a duplicated ulna, several carpal bones, a partially duplicated metacarpal bone and three digits with three hoofs. This leg was connected with two sets of coxae by a irregular-shaped bone considered the vestigial vertebrae and ribs. Two penises and scrotums, three kidneys and testes were also observed. This calf is the first case of dipygus associated with pygopagus parasiticus in cattle. Based on these findings, the pathogenesis of this rare anomaly was briefly discussed from an embryological point of view.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1989

Scanning electron microscopic studies on the red pulp of the mink spleen.

In order to obtain three-dimensional information on the fine architecture of the red pulp of the mink spleen, especially the circulation pattern in the red pulp, perfusion-fixed and freeze-cracked specimens were examined with a scanning electron microscope. A latticework was formed by elongated endothelial cells (rod cells) with side processes and the spongy reticular tissue. The outer surface of the sinus was covered with fine processes of reticular cells. Numerous sheathed arteries were found in the splenic cord. The sheath was composed of a few layers of flat reticular cells. The arterial capillaries of the red pulp opened directly into the cordal space. No evidence could be detected to prove or suggest any direct continuity between arterial capillaries and splenic sinuses. These results strongly support the concept of "open circulation", at least in the red pulp of the mink spleen, with the possibility of a "functionally closed circulation" under some physiological conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Histochemistry of complex carbohydrates in the horse duodenal gland.

Complex carbohydrates were examined in glandular cells of the horse duodenal gland by using lectin histochemical techniques. In the horse, the duodenal gland was distributed in the area from the uppermost part of the small intestine to a point about 6m caudal to the pylorus. It consisted of two types of cells, mucous and serous cells. The former was found in glands distributed almost all over this part, but the latter was present in glands distributed restrictedly to the uppermost part of the small intestine at a point about 10 cm caudal to the pylorus. The cytoplasm of the mucous cell contained neutral glycoproteins with different saccharide residues as alpha-D-mannose, N-acetyl-beta (1----4)-D-glucosamine, galactose, alpha-galactose, alpha-N-acetylglucosamine, beta-D-Gal (1----3)-D-GalNAc, alpha-L-fucose and sialic acid. On the other hand, the serous cell contained neutral and acid glycoproteins with different residues such as alpha-D-mannose, alpha-D-glucose, beta-D-galactose(1----3)-D-N-acetylgalactose, alpha-L-fucose, N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine, N-acetyl-beta (1----4)-D-glucosamine, galactose, alpha-galactose, alpha-N-acetylglucosamine and sialic acid. It is also elucidated in the present study that lipase, an enzyme for digestion, is contained in the serous cell of the equine duodenal gland.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The inhibitory effect of CR-1409 on amylase secretion and intracellular Ca2+ mobilization in rat pancreatic acini in vitro.

The inhibitory effects of CR-1409, a new glutaramic acid derivative developed as a cholecystokinin (CCK) receptor antagonist, on caerulein-stimulated amylase secretion and on intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) mobilization were studied in isolated rat pancreatic acini. Pancreatic acini were prepared by collagenase digestion method and loaded with 1 microM fura-2/AM for measurement of the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration. Amylase release was examined by a perifusion method. Stimulation with 10(-10) M caerulein, 10(-5) M carbachol, or 10(-8) M gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) led to biphasic amylase release and increase in [Ca2+]i. CR-1409 at 1 and 5 microM inhibited, by 50 and 84%, respectively, the amylase secretion and increase in [Ca2+]i induced by 10(-10) M caerulein, and 25 microM CR-1409 completely inhibited both amylase secretion and increase in [Ca2+]i induced by caerulein. However, 25 microM CR-1409 did not inhibit unstimulated secretion of amylase or the secretions induced by carbachol and GRP, which are also mediated by changes in intracellular Ca2+. We conclude that CR-1409 acts as a specific inhibitor of the CCK receptor in the pancreas, and is useful in studies on the involvement of the release and action of CCK in vitro.

Amylases↗
PubMed1989

[Otitis media with effusion in patients with cleft palate and congenital velopharyngeal insufficiency].

The incidences of otitis media with effusion (OME), otoscopic findings of the ear drum, hearing acuity and tympanometric findings were evaluated in 56 cases of cleft palate (CP), 33 cases of submucous cleft palate (SMCP) and 25 cases of congenital velopharyngeal insufficiency without cleft (CVPI). In all the cases, the incidences of OME, the pathological findings in otoscopy and the hearing test were far poorer in the group 8 years old and up than in the younger group. In the younger age group, the incidence of OME was 69% among the CP group, 62% in the SMCP group and showed significantly less incidence in the CVPI group (28%). The incidence of pathological findings in the ear drum was significantly less in the CVPI group than in either the CP group or the SMCP group. Hearing impairment was more frequent in the CP group than in both the SMPC and CVPI groups, while fewer incidences of abnormal tympanogram were found in the CVPI group than in the other two groups. Nearly 14% of the younger CP group developed pathological findings after surgery for velopharyngeal improvement. Most cases were found after push back operations, but rare after pharyngeal flap operations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Beta-protein amyloid is widely distributed in the central nervous system of patients with Alzheimer's disease.

To clarify the distribution, morphology, and density of amyloid deposits in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), tissue sections from various areas of the central nervous system of 14 patients with AD and from 20 nondemented aged controls were investigated immunohistochemically using anti-beta protein antiserum. beta-protein amyloid deposits were present not only in the cores of the senile plaques and in the vascular wall (amyloid angiopathy), but also in various sized plaque-shaped fibrillary, perivascular, subpial, and subependymal deposits. Amyloid deposits were found mainly in the cerebral cortex in nondemented controls, while in AD they were distributed widely in the regions that were not affected in nondemented controls. The positivity of amyloid deposits in AD was 100% in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus, caudate nucleus, claustrum, hypothalamus, nucleus basalis of Meynert, and cerebellar cortex. Putamen and brain-stem nuclei were affected frequently, and the spinal cord, dentate nucleus, and globus pallidus were sometimes (less than 50%) affected. This result provides an evidence that Alzheimer's disease is a beta-protein amyloidosis of the central nervous system. An assessment of the distribution of amyloid deposits should prove to be useful for the histopathologic diagnosis of AD.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Reduction of 5-FU toxicity with improved nutritional status in tumor bearing mice].

This study was performed to determine the role of nutritional status as a determinants of 5 fluorouracil (5-FU) toxicity in a tumor bearing mice. After subcutaneous inoculation, of mammary tumor (81 B) mice were assigned randomly to two nutritional regimens, (1) 8% casein: D-mice, (2) 27% casein: N-mice. Mortality was increased significantly in D-mice (100%) compared with N-mice (0%) by administration of 5-FU (20 mg/kg). Intratumoral 5-FU concentration of D-mice was significantly lower than that of N-mice, 1 hour after i.p injection of 5-FU (100 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg). Both growth rate and intratumoral protein content of transplanted tumor was equivalent in two dietary group, N-mice and D-mice. Protein depleted status was associated with a significant reduction in Interferon production of spleen cells. Inhibition of cell proliferation in bone marrow and cytokine production were recognized in hypo-nutritional status. Thus, improved nutritional status reduced the morbidity and mortality associated with 5-FU treatment in tumor bearing mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Hodgkin's disease with CD 20 (B1) positive Reed-Sternberg cells--an immunohistochemical and immunoelectron microscopic study.

20 cases of Hodgkin's disease, [five nodular sclerosis (NS), 12 mixed cellularity (MC), and three lymphocytic depletion (LD)] were studied immunohistochemically and immunoelectron-microscopically to clarify the origin of Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells. The majority of RS cells expressed activated lymphoid cell-associated antigens (CD 30, CD 25, HLA-DR) and granulocyte-associated antigen (CD 15). RS cells in seven cases (one NS, five MC and one LD) reacted with CD 20 (B1). Three of these cases (all three MC) were also positive with CD 19 (B4). These findings suggest that some RS cells may be of B cell lineage.

Antigens, CD20↗
PubMed1989

[Results of conventional radiotherapy in malignant gliomas:].

Results of radiotherapy for 164 supratentorial malignant gliomas were analyzed based on recent histological subclassification into glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and anaplastic astrocytoma (AA). Patients with AA had a better prognosis than those with GBM. The 5-year survival rate was 1% for GBM and 16% for AA. The size of radiation field did not influence survival significantly, and whole brain radiation appeared of no benefit. Survival time prolonged with an increase of radiation dose between 45 Gy and 72 Gy. The optimal radiotherapy for the disease is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Influence of hemoglobin level, arterial oxygen partial pressure and arterial oxygen content on the results of radiation therapy in lung squamous cell cancer].

It is believed that anemia is an important prognostic factor in the case of cancer patients treated by radiation therapy. One possible explanation for this is tumor oxygenation. With respect to tumor oxygenation, the arterial oxygen content (CaO2) may be more direct indicator than hemoglobin (Hb) level. Fourty-two patients with squamous cell lung cancer treated solely by irradiation were reviewed. It was found that CaO2 was more important than the Hb level in determining a tumor response to radiation therapy. This is considered as important indirect evidence of the existence of hypoxic fractions of cells in human tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Pancreatic exocrine secretion and plasma gut hormones response after intraduodenal infusion of elemental diet in patients with chronic pancreatitis].

We studied the responses of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and cholecystokinin (CCK) using specific RIAs, and simultaneously exocrine pancreatic secretion and gall bladder contraction were checked by using triple lumen tube to intraduodenal ingestion of 100 Kcal/hr semi-digested liquid meal: Clinimeal (Eisai, Tokyo) or Elemental Diet: ED (Morishita, Osaka) in 10 patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP). Intraduodenal infusion of Clinimeal did not result in a significant physiological rise of CCK and PP from the basal values. Pancreatic secretions (volume and bicarbonate output) were slightly increased paralleled to the gall bladder contraction in chronic pancreatitis. On the other hand, intraduodenal ED can significantly stimulate the release of CCK from the small intestine and PP from the pancreas with the near range of physiological concentration. This level of CCK can evoke a significant increase in pancreatic secretion and gall bladder contraction. These results suggest that in CP the physiological regulation was disturbed and pancreatic secretion was not observed after ordinary meal ingestion. Infusion of ED which contained similar components of digestive product partially improved the responses of gut hormones and pancreatic secretion. Therefore, impaired gut hormone release in CP primarily is due to the inappropriate stimuli because of pancreatic exocrine dysfunction, and not other factors(s).

Cholecystokinin↗