Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M A Mandel.
A case of false aneurysm of the lingual artery is presented. Although the clinical findings and history suggested an abscess, either preoperative aspiration or arteriographic studies might have permitted more definitive care during the patient's third hospitalization.
The bronchial washings of 58 patients with benign and neoplastic conditions involving the lungs were evaluated for immunoglobulin content. Levels in the washings from the diseased lung were compared with those from the normal contralateral lung. In normal patients and those with either bilateral inflammatory diseases or unilateral bronchiectasis or tuberculosis, the mean variation in igA/K and igG/K ratios between diseased and uninvolved lungs was minimal. In unilateral pneumonitis, however, igG/K was markedly elevated (P less than 0.01). Significant changes in the igA/K occurred on the affected side in patients with cancer. In the group with squamous-cell cancer. the mean elevation was 4.6 times that of contralateral lung (P less than 0.005), whereas with adenocarcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma, the rise was 6.4 and 2.8 times, respecitvely (P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.01). Thus, carcinoma appears to alter local immunoglobulin production in the affected lung as compared to its normal counterpart. (N Engl J Med 295:694-698, 1976).
Delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity to DNCB was assessed in 56 patients who had epidermoid intraoral carcinoma, prior to therapy. They were followed for 44 months, and their skin reactivity correlated well with both a small tumor size and a favorable clinical prognosis. In a significant number of cases, however, lack of reactivity did not indicate a fatal outcome. Therefore, we recommend caution in the use of any skin test data in formulating therapy. When cured cancer patients were skin-tested, there was no correlation between the state of the disease and their skin reactivity.
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These investigations delineate the recently described suppression of a form of cellular hypersensitivity in mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus using a variety of cell-mediated immunologic responses in animals with several different forms of diabetes. Streptozotocin- and alloxan-induced diabetic mice and db/db genetically determined diabetic mice showed reductions in the areas of inflammation around Schistosoma mansoni eggs injected into the pulmonary vasculature of 68, 70, 77%, respectively. In contrast, streptozotocin-induced diabetes had no effect on the nonimmunologic foreign body granuloma around divinyl benzene copolymer beads injected into the pulmonary arterioles. Animals protected from diabetes by treatment with nicotinamide before streptozotocin administration did not develop hyperglycemia and had normal areas of immunologic granuloma formation around schistosome eggs. Treatment with insulin reversed the suppression of schistosome egg granuloma formation in both streptozotocin- and alloxan-diabetic animals. Two additional in vivo parameters of cellular immunologic reactivity were examined in streptozotocin-induced diabetes: delayed footpad swelling was essentially eliminated; skin graft survival across the H-2 area was significantly prolonged from 10.2 days in the controls to 14.4 days in moderately diabetic A/J mice. These observations suggest that diabetes mellitus is associated with suppression of cell-mediated reactions in vivo and that the defect is reversible with insulin treatment.
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A case is reported in which initial anginal pain was localized to the area of the left posterior teeth. Subsequently the patient reported that at certain times he experienced pain in the area of the left posterior teeth with concomitant chest pain while at other times the pain was confined to the teeth.
Niridazole, a nitroheterocyclic drug used to treat helminth infections is reported for the first time to suppress cell-mediated immunity, as ascertained by multiple in vivo assays. Skin homograft survival time was significantly prolonged in mice, without loss of animals due to drug toxicity.
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