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L Vacca

Publications and source records attributed to L Vacca.

72 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

Mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis in Sicily.

This study reports data on the sequences of the first hypervariable segment of a sample of the Sicilian population from Alia (Palermo, Italy). The results show the presence of 32 different haplotypes in the 49 individuals examined. The average number of pairwise nucleotide differences was 4.04, i.e., 1.17% per nucleotide. The distribution of the nucleotide differences matches the theoretical distribution and indicates only one major episode of expansion that occurred between 20,732 and 59,691 years ago, between the Middle Paleolithic and Upper Paleolithic. Compared with the other populations, parameters of the Sicilian sample lie in an intermediate position between the eastern and western Mediterranean populations. This is due to numerous contacts that Sicily has had with the Mediterranean area since prehistoric times. At the same time, the singularity of some of the haplotypes present in the sample studied indicates the persistence of some characteristics caused by genetic drift and isolation that the population has endured in the course of its history.

Adult↗

Beta-globin cluster haplotypes in normal individuals and beta(0)39-thalassemia carriers from Sardinia, Italy.

Seven polymorphic sites in the beta-globin cluster in association with specific thalassemia mutations were analyzed in a sample from Sardinia, Italy. In order to verify previous works carried out on normal samples (beta(A)/beta(A)) and family studies on beta-thalassemia homozygotes individuals, the haplotype frequencies in both normal individuals (beta(A)/beta(A)) and beta(0)39-thalassemia carriers (beta(A)/beta0) were studied. In our work chromosomes carrying beta(0)39 mutation are characterized by a prevalence of haplotype II (- + + - + + +) (52%) relative to haplotype I (+- - - - + +) (29%), in contrast, among chromosomes with beta(A) the frequency of haplotype I is much greater than that of haplotype II. These data confirm what was found by other authors. Nevertheless, our results disagree with those of previous studies of Sardinians, both in frequencies values and in the numbers of haplotypes identified. Population analysis performed with samples carrying the beta-thalassemic mutation highlighted the peculiarity of Sardinians with respect to other Mediterranean populations. The Corsican population is most similar to the Sardinian population, confirming previous analyses performed with both classical markers and mitochondrial and genomic DNA.

Adult↗

[Noise exposure in a dry dock].

Personal monitoring of noise exposure was conducted in a small dry dock, where mainly tug-boats and high sea fishing-boats are refitted. Manual tools were the prevalent noise sources. Noise exposure could be affected and amplified by factors extraneous to workers' tasks. The workers might be employed in different jobs simultaneously also in confined and small areas, and were mainly involved in non-routine tasks. Six different tasks were investigated: dry-dock supervisor, welder/ship-wrights, painters, electricians, woodworkers and unskilled workers. The number of workers employed in the tasks, with the exclusion of the supervisor, might change from day to day according to the particular work phase carried out on the boat. Daily personal exposure was measured using Larson Davis mod. 700 integrating sound level meters. The all shift time history of short equivalent continuous sound level with 10 s integrating time was collected for each selected worker. A 1/2 inch microphone was attached to the helmet at a distance of 11 +/- 1 cm from the right outer ear. Measurements were repeated over 13 days and randomly distributed over about four months. The number of data-points collected was nine for the supervisor, twenty-seven for the welders, eighteen for the painters, twelve for the electricians, six for the woodworkers and eleven for the unskilled workers. Ranges of the daily noise exposure level were from 15 to 30 dBA for all tasks, with the exclusion of the woodworkers. The time histories relative to workers grouped in the same task were matched to verify the correlation. The daily exposure levels derived from correlated samples were substituted by their arithmetic mean. The analysis of variance applied to experimental distributions of daily exposure for four of the welders indicates that the difference of means (p > 0.3) is not significant. A similar conclusion is reached for painters when only this task is considered. If we take into account the exposures of painters employed also in different tasks, the probability is included in a range of lower significance, between 0.1 and 0.05. The experimental distributions of daily noise exposure for all tasks fit the normal distribution. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used at a p > 0.1 confidence level. These results may have an important role in defining sampling strategies for collecting noise exposure data both for compliance and epidemiological purposes.

Confidence Intervals↗