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Biomedical subjects

L Svensson

Publications and source records attributed to L Svensson.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Solid-phase immune electron microscopy (SPIEM) by use of protein A and its application for characterization of selected adenovirus serotypes.

Staphylococcal protein A was used for the anchoring of specific antibodies for a solid-phase immune electron microscope method (SPIEM). More IgG adsorbed to grids in the absence of protein A than in its presence. However, the virus trapping efficiency was markedly improved in the presence of protein A. The specificity of the test was evaluated by use of different adenovirus preparations and matching rabbit hyperimmune sera. The degree of serological reaction was evaluated by counting the number of particles attached to the grid. Type specific reactions and inter- and intrasubgroup reactions were identified.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1982

A possible model for accuracy control of determination of serum cholesterol with use of reference methods. A NORDKEM project.

A candidate definitive method for determination of total serum cholesterol developed at the Center for Analytical Chemistry, National Bureau of Standards, USA, has recently been compared with a reference method based on isotope dilution-mass spectrometry, developed at Huddinge Hospital. There was no significant difference (0.2%) in results obtained with the two methods. The Huddinge method was used here for assessment of inaccuracy of a defined enzymatic method, set up and used at four laboratories, one in each of four Nordic countries. The results obtained in the analysis of 21 patient samples were not significantly different from those obtained with the isotope dilution method. In the analytical range 1.7-14.2 mmol/1, the regression equation for the defined enzymatic method (y) versus the isotope dilution method (x) was y = 0.994x - 0.06 and the correlation coefficient 0.9999. The mean between-laboratory variation for the defined enzymatic method was 2.3%. The possibility is discussed that the defined enzymatic method can be used as candidate secondary reference method for assessment of inaccuracy of field methods in national quality control activities. In such a control system, the accuracy can be traced back to the definitive methodology through the hierarchical system.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1982

Functional importance of nucleus accumbens noradrenaline in the rat.

l-Noradrenaline. HCI (l-NA), d-noradrenaline.HCI(d-NA) and dopamine.HCI (DA)were locally applied in the nucleus accumbens of awake rats. When the animals were observed in a dark open field arena it was found that low doses of l-NA or DA produced suppression of ambulatory activity followed by an increase in the activity at higher doses. l-NA was more potent than DA in producing these effects and about 4 times higher doses of DA were required to produce the same effect. d-NA was not without effects but was less efficient than DA.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of betamethasone dipropionate lotion with salicylic acid (Diprosalic) and clobetasol propionate lotion (Dermovate) in the treatment of psoriasis of the scalp.

A double-blind comparison was made between Diprosalic and Dermovate lotions in fifty-one patients with psoriasis of the scalp. Both preparations were highly effective. No significant difference in efficacy between the preparations could be demonstrated after 3 weeks treatment except for antipruritic effect, in this respect Diprosalic being superior to Dermovate. Only three patients (two in the Dermovate group, and one in the Diprosalic group) experienced minor adverse reactions. Plasma cortisol levels were determined in seventeen of the patients and no significant influence on the adrenal function could be shown on the part of either of the preparations.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1982

Treatment of acute salpingitis--with special reference to Chlamydia trachomatis.

Conservative treatment of acute salpingitis should be the rule, surgery the exception. Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Mycoplasma hominis, are common etiological agents in pelvic inflammatory disease, particularly in women below the age of 25 years. In women above that age as well as in those with two or more episodes of acute salpingitis, there is a higher proportion of tubal infections caused by aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria. Apart from some resistant strains, tetracycline generally has an effect on all three of the above-mentioned agents of sexually transmitted diseases (STD). We recommend that this drug be chosen if the results of etiological studies are not known when therapy is started. If there is reason to believe that anaerobic bacteria may be involved, tetracycline may be combined with nitroimidazole. The short-term effects of various antibiotic drugs in acute salpingitis suggest that women with gonococcal salpingitis will respond sooner than will women with non-gonococcal salpingitis, regardless of which antibiotic regimen is given. The long-term effect of several different antibiotics on the post-salpingitic fertility does not differ. Glucocorticosteroids do not seem to positively influence the prognosis for fertility. To help prevent salpingitis, it is important to advise patients on appropriate contraceptive usage and to examine and treat both patients and consorts for STD.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Chlamydial salpingitis.

The frequency of isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis from the cervix of patients with acute salpingitis has varied between 5% and 40%. A significant change in the titer of antibodies to C. trachomatis, as studied by microimmunofluorescence tests, has been found in 18% to 46% of patients with acute salpingitis. In salpingitis patients in whom C. trachomatis is isolated from the cervix, such a change in titer has been found in 31% to 54%. Patients with Chlamydia-associated salpingitis are generally young and do not appear severely ill. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate is generally higher in such patients than in women with salpingitis not associated with chlamydial infection, and the inflammatory reaction in the fallopian tubes is more severe than would normally be expected from the relatively benign clinical picture. The only reliable means of diagnosing chlamydial salpingitis is by laparoscopy. In chlamydial salpingitis, all layers of the tubal wall usually show an inflammatory infiltration. The mucosa is destroyed either totally or patchily. Experimental infections in grivet monkeys have fulfilled Koch's postulates. Evidence is accumulating that post-chlamydial salpingitis is a major factor in tubal infertility.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of two isotope dilution/mass spectrometric methods for determination of total serum cholesterol.

Isotope dilution/mass spectrometric methods for total serum cholesterol, developed separately at the Karolinska Institutet (KI) and the National Bureau of Standards (NBS), were compared by applying them to a common set of serum pools. A search for the cause of a systematic difference of a few percent in results from the two methods revealed that the KI cholesterol standard contained lathosterol, which interfered with the calibration of the method. With NBS Standard Reference Material cholesterol used for new analyses at the KI, the average difference in mean values dropped to 0.2%. The NBS results are more precise. This is attributed to the protocols NBS used for sample preparation and mass spectrometry. However, these protocols make the NBS method more complex and time-consuming. A recent critical article on the use of this technique for total cholesterol is also examined.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1981

Effects of a new type of 5-HT receptor agonist on male rat sexual behavior.

8-Methoxy-2-(di-n-propylamino) tetralin (8-OMe-DPAT) and 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino) tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) are two new drugs exerting selective actions on brain 5-HT neurotransmission. In the present experiments we have investigated the effects of these two drugs on male rat sexual behavior. It was found that both drugs reduce the number of intromissions preceding ejaculation and shorten the ejaculation latency. These effects are extremely pronounced and several animals ejaculate at the first intromission. In addition 8-OH-DPAT produced a slight reduction of the post-ejaculatory interval. There were no significant effects on latency to initiate copulation or in the number of mounts preceding ejaculation. Finally, sexual behavior was partly or completely restored in castrated male rats after injection with 8-OMe-DPAT or 8-OH-DPAT.

DOM 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Methylamphetamine↗
PubMed1981

Effect of beta-adrenoceptor blockade on exercise performance and metabolism.

1. Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and the capacity to perform prolonged submaximal physical exercise were studied in six young healthy subjects treated in a randomized double-blind fashion for 2 days with either placebo, the non-selective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol (80 mg b.i.d.) or the cardioselective agent metoprolol (100 mg b.i.d.). On day 3, 1 h after the last dose, the subjects exercised for 30 min periods followed up 10 min rest up to the point of exhaustion. 2. The capacity to perform exercise was decreased with both beta-adrenoceptor antagonists. However, at an equal degree of beta 1-adrenoceptor blockade, all subjects could exercise for a longer period of time on the cardioselective agent as compared with the non-selective drug. 3. Blood glucose levels decreased during exercise irrespective of the type of treatment, but the attenuation occurred most rapidly on propranolol. At exhaustion the average non-esterified fatty acid levels had increased 256% on placebo, 148% on metoprolol and 65% on propranolol. A significant positive correlation was found between changes in non-esterified fatty acid levels during exercise and total working time. It is concluded that beta-adrenoceptor blockade diminishes the capacity for prolonged sub-maximal exercise at least in part by reducing the availability of substrates to the working muscles.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Effect of prenalterol, a beta-1-adrenoceptor agonist, on renin secretion rate in the anaesthetized dog.

The effects of the beta-1-adrenoceptor agonist, prenalterol, 20 microgram/kg intravenously on renin secretion rate (RSR), renal haemodynamics and sodium excretion were examined in anaesthetized dogs with innervated or denervated kidneys. In dogs with innervated kidneys, prenalterol increased RSR from 1.1 +/- 0.2 to 7.9 +/- 0.1 units X min.-1 X g-1 (P less than 0.01). Prenalterol did not affect mean arterial pressure, renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate or sodium excretion. Heart rate was increased by 53 +/- 17 beats/min. (P less than 0.01). The increase in RSR produced by prenalterol was independent of intact renal innervation as RSR increased to the same extent in dogs with denervated kidneys. Pretreatment with the beta-1-adrenoceptor antagonist, metoprolol 0.5 mg/kg intravenously, abolished the increase in RSR produced by prenalterol. These findings suggest that prenalterol directly activates renal beta-1-adrenoceptors to increase RSR.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1981

Antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in sera from patients with acute salpingitis.

Paired sera from 60 consecutive patients with acute salpingitis, confirmed by laparoscopy, were examined for serum antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. By a microimmunofluorescence (MIF) test IgM or IgG antibodies to C trachomatis or both were present in sera from 80% of the patients' by indirect haemagglutination (IHA) tests antibodies to M hominis and N gonorrhoeae pilar antigens were present in 40% and 18% respectively. In a control group of 50 pregnant women antibodies to the same three organisms occurred in 8%, 8%, and 6%. Evidence of current chlamydial infection was found in 35 (58%) and of current gonococcal infection in five (8%) of the 60 patients by culture or serological tests or both. The results of chlamydial antibody tests correlated with the severity of the tubal inflammation (as shown by laparoscopy) and the duration of the lower abdominal pain before attendance. The predictive values of a positive and a negative MIF test result were 44% and 83% respectively and of the IHA gonococcal antibody test 36% and 100% respectively. Significant rises in titre of antibodies to M hominis were found in 12% of patients. A four-fold or greater rise in titre indicated probable double infections with chlamydia and mycoplasmas in 7% of patients. Thus, at present gonococcal salpingitis appears to form only a small proportion of all cases of salpingitis in southern Sweden, and in patients with nongonococcal salpingitis infections with C trachomatis and M hominis commonly occur.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Chlamydia trachomatis in women attending a gynaecological outpatient clinic with lower genital tract infection.

In a study of 3794 consecutive women attending a gynaecological outpatient clinic with symptoms of lower genital tract infection (LGTI) 350 (9.2%) harboured Chlamydia trachomatis and 83 (2.2%) Neisseria gonorrhoeae. One hundred and ninety-five patients who were later found to have acute salpingitis and 109 other women in whom the chlamydial cultures were spoiled were excluded from the series. Of the remaining 3490 women, 281 were infected with C trachomatis, 42 with N gonorrhoeae, and 17 with both. Of the 3150 women who were infected with neither organism, 146 were randomly selected as controls. The chlamydia-positive patients were younger (P less than 0.001), did not complain of pelvic discomfort or pain (P less than 0.01), and used oral contraceptives (P less than 0.001) more frequently than did the controls; intrauterine devices were used more often (P less than 0.01) by the controls. Increased vaginal discharge was reported significantly more often in chlamydia-positive patients than in the controls (P less than 0.05). Of 266 women harbouring C trachomatis the organism was still present in 22 (8.3%) when they were followed up from two to more than eight weeks after finishing treatment with doxycycline. Of 91 male consorts of chlamydia-positive women, 53 (58.2%) were infected with C trachomatis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A clinical double-blind study on the effect of prophylactically administered single dose tinidazole on the occurrence of endometritis after first trimester legal abortion.

In a clinical double-blind study, 212 women were administered either a placebo or 2 g of tinidazole 8-15 h before being subjected to a first trimester legal abortion using vacuum aspiration. After the operation, the rectal temperature was recorded twice daily for 5 days. Screening for gonorrhoea was performed before the operation. A total of 27 women (12.7%) had febrile reactions with rectal temperatures greater than 38.0 degrees C after the operation. In 13 women with, and 2 women without a febrile reaction, endometrial specimens were obtained using a protected technique at the time of the febrile reaction. The specimens were cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, yeast, fungi, chlamydiae, mycoplasmas, and ureaplasmas. Specific culture methods for the detection of gonococci, group B streptococci, Listeria monocytogenes, and Campylobacter foetus were employed. In 8 of the 13 women with a febrile reaction and in one of the 2 women without such a reaction all cultures were sterile. M. hominis was recovered from the uterine contents of 2 women who had febrile reactions. In 4 of the women bacteria and fungi belonging to the endogenous vaginal flora were isolated from the endometrial specimen. In 5 women, who did not consult because of the elevated temperature, the febrile reactions were transient and self-limiting without treatment. No differences were observed between the women administered tinidazole and those given a placebo with respect to the rate of febrile postoperative reactions and isolation of micro-organisms from the intra-uterine specimens.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1981

Accuracy of some routine method used in clinical chemistry as judged by isotope dilution-mass spectrometry.

Serum from patients was pooled, filtered, dispensed, and frozen. This pooled specimen was used for accuracy control in 64 participating laboratories in Sweden. Mean values ("state-of-the-art" values) were obtained for creatinine, cholesterol, glucose, urea, uric acid, and cortisol. These values were compared with values obtained with highly accurate reference methods based on isotope dilution-mass spectrometry. Differences were marked in the case of determination of creatinine and cortisol. Concerning the other components, the differences between the state-of-the-art value and the values obtained with the reference methods were negligible. Moreover, the glucose oxidase and the oxime methods for determination of glucose and urea were found to give significantly lower values than the hexokinase and urease methods, respectively. We conclude that methods with a higher degree of accuracy are required for routine determination of creatinine and cortisol.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗
PubMed1980

Chlamydia trachomatis infection in patients with laparoscopically verified acute salpingitis. Results of isolation and antibody determinations.

Culture and serology studies have shown Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) to be one of the causes of acute salpingitis (AS). In the present investigation, results of cervical cultures were correlated with serum antibody titers to CT in patients with laparoscopically verified AS. Serum samples from 206 patients, including paired sera from 80, were assayed. Of 206 patients, 118 had chlamydial IgG antibody titers of 1:64 or more. Patients with negative cultures for CT and an IgG titer of 1:64 or more had a significantly higher geometric mean titer than corresponding patients with positive cultures. In paired sera, a seroconversion or a fourfold or greater rise in IgG titer to CT was demonstrated in 35%, while a further 11% had detectable IgM antibody in a titer of 1:8 or more. The overall isolation frequency of CT was 33%, compared with 19% for Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Adolescent↗