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Biomedical subjects

L Svensson

Publications and source records attributed to L Svensson.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Multicentre study of a new enzymatic method of cholesterol determination.

A new enzymatic method for the determination of cholesterol in serum and plasma was evaluated in 8 separate laboratories in comparison with routine and reference methods. Investigation of the analytical reliability in the 2-26 mmol/l measurement range showed the following results: At the set reading points (10 min at 25 degrees C and 5 min at 37 degrees C) the reaction shows complete substrate conversion. The colour complex is stable over a period of 60 min. The response to cholesterol is linear up to 26 mmol/l. Precision within the series was 0.6-2.8% in 20 determinations (coefficient of variation). Day to day precision was 0.5-3.3% in triple determinations of 10 days (coefficient of variation). Accuracy was studied with 2 samples (assigned value: 3.52 and 6.70 mmol/l respectively). In the case of sample 1 the mean for the 8 laboratories was 3.44, with a median of 3.44; for sample 2 the values were 6.68 and 6.72. The results demonstrate an excellent transferability. In comparison with other enzymatic procedures, the values found with the new test were 5-10% higher; these results agree at all concentration ranges with the reference methods of Abell & Kendall and with those from mass spectrometry.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1984

Vaginal colonization with Gardnerella vaginalis and anaerobic curved rods.

Ninety-four women colonized with anaerobic curved rods (CR) and/or Gardnerella vaginalis, were studied. Of these women, 34 were culture-positive for the long variant of CR. Eight of these latter women also harboured the short variant of these bacteria. In women colonized with CR, none had a predominance of lactobacilli in their vaginal flora, which was the case in 26 of the 60 women not harbouring CR. G. vaginalis was isolated from all 94 women. Mycoplasma hominis occurred significantly more often in women colonized with CR and G. vaginalis as compared with women not harbouring CR, but who were colonized with G. vaginalis (p less than 0.0005). The recovery rate of chlamydiae and gonococci was remarkably low, i.e. the organisms were isolated from one case each. Women colonized with CR complained of foul-smelling vaginal discharge significantly more often than women not found to harbour such organisms (p less than 0.001). In all women with CR, the number of leukocytes per high-power field of vaginal secretion exceeded that of 'clue cells'. Such cells were found in all patients with CR, but not in women with a lactobacilli-dominated flora, despite the fact that they all harboured G. vaginalis. Bacterial vaginosis might be due to a symbiotic infection with G. vaginalis and CR, possibly in conjunction with other anaerobes and/or M. hominis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

5-Hydroxytryptamine-thyrotropin releasing hormone interactions in the spinal cord: effects on parameters of sexual behaviour in the male rat.

In the studies of sexual behaviour in male rats reported here, intrathecal administration of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) together with thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) caused a marked and specific increase in mount and intromission latencies. In contrast, injection of either of the two compounds alone elicited only minor effects. These findings are discussed in relation to the co-existence of 5-HT and TRH in nerve endings in the ventral horn of the spinal cord originating in supraspinal, medullary nuclei.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Suppression of exploratory locomotor activity in the rat by the local application of 3-PPP enantiomers into the nucleus accumbens.

It was found that (-)-3-PPP, 5-160 microgram/side produced a statistically significant suppression of exploratory locomotor activity after application to the nucleus accumbens. The (+)-isomer was about 8 times less potent in suppressing exploratory activity. Except for suppression of the locomotor activity by 160 micrograms of (-)-3-PPP no statistically significant effects were produced by either isomer applied in the neostriatum.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Enhancement by the putative 5-HT receptor agonist 8-OH-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin of the acoustic startle response in the rat.

Two 2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (DPAT) compounds, 8-OH-DPAT and 5-OH-DPAT, with reported effects on central 5-HT and DA receptors respectively, were tested for their effects on the acoustic startle response in rats. 8-OH-DPAT was given in doses of 0.25-2.0 mg/kg IP and 5-OH-DPAT in doses of 1.0-8.0 mg/kg IP. Both compounds increased the startle response significantly in a dose-dependent manner, but 8-OH-DPAT appeared to be about 30 times as potent and to have a higher efficacy than 5-OH-DPAT. In addition, the effects on the startle response of L-5-HTP, 25-100 mg/kg IP, and L-dopa, 25-100 mg/kg IP, administration to animals pretreated with the inhibitor of aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase, benserazide (25 mg/kg IP) were included for comparison. A small, but significant increase in the startle amplitude was found after the highest dose of L-5-HTP, whereas no effects were observed after L-dopa administration.

8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin↗
PubMed1983

The effects of partially hydrogenated marine oils on the mitochondrial function and membrane phospholipid fatty acids in rat heart.

The influence of dietary partially hydrogenated marine oils containing docosenoic acid on rat heart mitochondrial membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition was studied with particular reference to cardiolipin and oxidative phosphorylation. Five groups of male weanling rats were fed diets containing 20% (w/w) peanut oil (PO), partially hydrogenated peanut oil (HPO), partially hydrogenated Norwegian capelin oil (HCO), partially hydrogenated herring oil (HHO), and rapeseed oil (RSO) for 10 weeks. All the cardiac phospholipids investigated were influenced by the experimental diets. An increased amount of arachidonic acid observed in phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) after feeding partially hydrogenated oils suggests a changed regulation of the arachidonic acid metabolism in comparison with PO treatment. 22:1 originating from the dietary oils was incorporated only to a small extent into phosphatidylcholine (PC) and PE. A selective incorporation of 18:1 isomers into the 1- and 2-positions of PC and PE with respect to geometry and position of the double bond was observed. Large amounts of 18:1 trans were incorporated into the 1-position of PC and PE, irrespective of the amount of 18:2 supplemented to the diets, replacing a considerable proportion of stearic acid in this position. After feeding HHO and RSO, the content of 22:1 in mitochondrial cardiolipin of rat heart was found to be 3% (mainly cetoleic acid) and 10% (mainly erucic acid), respectively, indicating a high affinity for cis isomers of 22:1, but also a considerable resistance against incorporation of trans isomers was observed. The ability of rat cardiac mitochondria to oxidize palmitoylcarnitine and to synthesize ATP was depressed after feeding HHO and RSO. Dietary cis isomers of 22:1 seem to have a specific ability to interfere with cardiac ATP synthesis and also to alter the fatty acid composition of cardiolipin of rat heart.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1983

The effect of dietary partially hydrogenated marine oils on desaturation of fatty acids in rat liver microsomes.

The influence of dietary partially hydrogenated marine oils on distribution of phospholipid fatty acids in rat liver microsomes was studied with particular reference to the metabolism of linoleic acid. Five groups of weanling rats were fed diets containing 20% (w/w) peanut oil (PO), partially hydrogenated peanut oil (HPO), partially hydrogenated Norwegian capelin oil (HCO), partially hydrogenated herring oil (HHO), and rapeseed oil (RSO) for 10 weeks. The partially hydrogenated oils were supplemented with linoleic acid corresponding to 4.6 cal % in the diets. Accumulation of linoleic acid and reduced amount of total linoleic acid metabolites were observed in liver microsomal phospholipids from rats fed partially hydrogenated oils as compared to PO feeding. The most striking effects on the distribution of omega 6-polyunsaturated fatty acids was obtained after feeding HHO, a marine oil with a moderate content of trans fatty acids in comparison with HPO but rich in isomers of eicosenoic and docosenoic acids. Liver microsomal delta 6- as well as delta 5-desaturase activities as measured in vitro were reduced in rats kept on HHO as compared to PO dietary treatment. The results obtained suggest that the dietary influence of partially hydrogenated marine oils on the metabolism of linoleic acid might be better related to the intake of isomeric eicosenoic and docosenoic acids than to the total intake of trans fatty acids.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Suppression of exploratory locomotor activity by the local application of dopamine or l-noradrenaline to the nucleus accumbens of the rat.

Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered dopamine (DA) or l-noradrenaline (l-NA) locally into the nucleus accumbens or in the neostriatum. Six minutes following the injections the animals were placed in an open field arena (700 X 700 mm) and their locomotor activity was recorded every 3 min for maximally 60 min. In the nucleus accumbens both DA (10-160 micrograms/side) and l-NA (2.5-40 micrograms/side) produced a suppression of the initial (0-3 min) exploratory locomotor activity in the open field arena. The highest doses of the respective drug, 80-160 micrograms of DA and 20-40 micrograms of l-NA, produced stimulation of the locomotor activity at a later time interval (6-9 min). The number of rearings during the initial exploration (0-3 min) was suppressed by DA (10-160 micrograms/side) as well as by l-NA (2.5-40 micrograms/side). When administered to the neostriatum, DA (80-160 micrograms/side) produced a stimulation of locomotor activity, 6-9 min after placement in the open field. The administration of l-NA (20-80 micrograms/side) to the neostriatum produced a suppression of the exploratory locomotor activity (0-6 min). The number of rearings were reduced by the administration of l-NA (20-80 micrograms/side) whereas no significant effect was observed after the administration of DA (5-160 micrograms/side). As assessed in the present experiments DA and l-NA produced identical effects in the nucleus accumbens, l-NA being about 4 times as potent as DA, whereas opposite effects were produced by l-NA and DA when applied to the neostriatum.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Infertility after acute salpingitis with special reference to Chlamydia trachomatis.

Of 552 women with laparoscopically verified acute salpingitis (AS), 299 were reviewed 2.5 to 7.5 years later. Cervical secretions from these women had been cultured for the presence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. For 49 of 82 women with visually normal pelvic organs, such cultures were also performed; these women served as control subjects. In women exposing themselves to pregnancy, 50 (23.3%) of 197 AS patients and 2 (6.7%) of 30 control women were infertile for at least 1 year (P less than 0.02). After one episode of AS, women harboring chlamydiae, gonococci, both, or neither of these microorganisms in the cervix on admission seemed to have the same fertility prognosis. Infertility was correlated with the number of AS episodes, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (millimeters per hour) at admission, and the severity of the inflammatory reactions of the tubes. The use of oral contraceptives at admission was found to be a positive prognostic factor regarding fertility. Oral contraceptives might protect the patient from severe tubal inflammatory reactions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Cross-reactivity between enteric adenoviruses and adenovirus type 4: analysis of epitopes by solid-phase immune electron microscopy.

The immunological relationships between the two newly discovered serotypes of enteric adenoviruses, Ad40 and Ad41, and antisera to human adenoviruses representing all subgroups were studied by solid-phase immune electron microscopy. A pronounced two-way cross-reaction was seen between Ad40 (subgroup F) and Ad41 (subgroup G). Furthermore, a distinct one-way cross-reaction was noted between adenovirus type 4 antiserum (subgroup E) and virions of Ad40.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of solid-phase immune electron microscopy by use of protein A with direct electron microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of rotavirus in stool.

A total of 525 stool specimens collected during 1 year were examined for the presence of rotavirus by direct electron microscopy (EM), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and a solid-phase immune electron microscope method (SPIEM) utilizing protein A-coated grids for anchoring of specific viral antisera. Rotavirus was seen in 187 specimens; SPIEM detected 183 (97.8%), whereas direct EM and ELISA detected 161 (86%) and 166 (88.7%), respectively. No false-positive reactions were seen by ELISA. The sensitivity of the methods was evaluated by coded investigation of a dilution series of a positive sample, with a negative fecal specimen as diluent. SPIEM was approximately 30 times more sensitive than direct EM and 10 times more sensitive than ELISA. A study was done to compare the elapsed time for recognition of rotavirus by SPIEM and EM in 25 randomly selected positive specimens. All virus-positive specimens were detected within 2 min by SPIEM, whereas up to 9 min was required for direct EM. SPIEM with protein A is a highly sensitive method, useful for rapid detection of viruses in clinical specimens. Due to the direct visualization of virus particles by electron microscopy, there is no requirement for monospecific antisera for the method.

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay↗
PubMed1983

Laparoscopy in women with chlamydial infection and pelvic pain: a comparison of patients with and without salpingitis.

A review was made of clinical and laboratory findings in 104 women who, during 1978 to 1981, were subjected to laparoscopy because of symptoms suggestive of acute salpingitis, and who harbored Chlamydia trachomatis but not Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the genital tract. The patients with acute salpingitis (N = 76) did not differ significantly from those with visually normal fallopian tubes (N = 28) in regard to age distribution, parity, contraceptive method used, proportion of women with urethritis symptoms, increased vaginal discharge, vomiting, diarrhea, elevated rectal temperature, elevated white blood cell count, and palpable pelvic masses. The acute salpingitis patients more often had irregular bleeding and an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, whereas the patients without acute salpingitis more often had a short history of pelvic pain. The two groups overlapped considerably with respect to the number of symptoms and clinical signs of pelvic infection. The results emphasize the value of laparoscopy in the diagnosis or exclusion of a tubal infection in association with a chlamydial genital infection and pelvic pain, even if there are comparatively few additional symptoms of ascending infection.

Chlamydia Infections↗
PubMed1983

Two new serotypes of enteric adenovirus causing infantile diarrhoea.

Fastidious enteric adenovirus have recently been recognized as an important cause of acute gastroenteritis in young children. Their inability to grow in vitro has hampered classification by conventional methods. With modern immunological and chemical techniques the enteric adenoviruses have been shown to be distinct from the 39 established human adenovirus serotypes. In a prospective study of the viral, bacterial and parasitic aetiology of acute gastroenteritis 410 children and 205 age-matched controls were studied. An enteropathogenic agent was detected in 67% of the diarrhoeic patients and 57% were of viral origin. Rotavirus was the major agent found in 43% of the patients whereas adenovirus was found in 13%. Of the 50 adenovirus specimens, so far fully characterized by electron microscopy, ELISA-assays, DNA-restriction analysis and isolation studies 70% were identified as enteric adenoviruses. Two serotypes, adeno 40 and 41, were detected representing the new subgroups F and G. Twelve of 17 paired serum specimens, from children with enteric adenovirus showed a significant rise in hemagglutination inhibition titers. Infection with enteric adenoviruses showed 2 small seasonal peaks in summer and late winter. Infection occurred early in life, 85% of the children aged less than 3 years. Diarrhoea was the main symptom with an average duration of 9 days. Adenovirus type 41 seemed to cause diarrhoea of longer duration. Fever and vomiting was mild with a mean of 2 days. Respiratory symptoms occurred in 20% of the cases. The incubation period could be estimated as 7 days. Virus was excreted for 10-14 days.

Adenoviruses, Human↗