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Biomedical subjects

L Li

Publications and source records attributed to L Li.

At least 1,441 records · Page 80Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Research on factors affecting neonatal tetanus and its prevention through immunization].

Neonatal Tetanus (NT) has been set by WHO as one of the most important diseases to be under control. Its incidence rate at some counties and cities in Southern Fujian province exceeded set out levels. Both retrospective and cohort studies were carried. It was found that in rural areas only 8.66% (319/3,683) pregnant women gave births at hospital and 94.85% (129/136) NT cases were delivered by untrained midwives. When TAT was tested in mothers and newborns, only 23.81% and 20.65% of them reached protective level. This shows the main reasons for high NT incidence rate were due to poor medical treatment during delivery and low antibody level. Using tetanus toxin (TT) to fully immunize pregnant women, no side effects were observed and TAT antibody levels for mothers and newborns were increasing to reach 100% (99/99) and 93.94% (93/99) relatively. When immunizing women at child-bearing age with TT, 90.40% (113/125) of them still had TAT up to protective level in 3 years. A total number of 8,882 newborns whose mothers had been fully vaccinated with TT were investigated, no NT case occurred. Among 4,835 newborns whose mothers did not receive vaccination, some NT cases were identified. The incidence rate was as high as 5.28%. These results showed that the TT vaccination in women at child-bearing age should be considered as the major strategy for NT prevention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

In situ amplification of DNA fragments specific for human Y chromosome in cellular nuclei by PCR.

Using single primer pairs Y3 and Y4 in situ polymerase chain reaction (in situ PCR) was successfully performed on the specimen slides of peripheral leukocytes. By both of the direct digoxiginin-11-dUTP incorporation into PCR products with in situ PCR (direct in situ PCR) and in situ PCR followed by detection of in situ hybridization (indirect in situ PCR), DNA fragments specific for human Y chromosome were obviously amplified in cellular nuclei of specimens on the slides. The results were verified by Southern analysis. The methodology of in situ PCR and its application were discussed.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1996

Observations on drug abuse deaths in the State of Maryland.

The problem of drug abuse in America encompasses all ages, economic, and ethnic groups. The Office of the Chief Medical Examiner (OCME) has recorded a continuous increase in drug abuse deaths in Maryland over the past seven years. This report focuses on the epidemiological characteristics and pathological findings of victims of fatal drug abuse in Maryland investigated by the OCME in 1992 and 1993. A retrospective study of OCME cases in 1992 and 1993 yielded a total of 605 deaths caused by drugs of abuse. 426 deaths were the result of narcotic drug use, 66 deaths due to cocaine, 102 deaths involved both narcotics and cocaine, 6 deaths were due to phencyclidine (PCP) and 5 involved both PCP and narcotic drugs. Drug abuse deaths most often involved individuals who were male (86%) and black (64%). Their ages ranged from 15 to 68 years with the majority (58%) of victims being in their 30's. Of the 605 drug deaths, 393 (65%) had a known history of drug abuse. 279 (46%) exhibited needle tracks, of which only 94 (16%) had identifiable fresh needle puncture marks. Drug paraphernalia (needles, syringes, etc.) was found at the scene in 22% of the cases. Twenty-nine (4.8%) cases showed complications of drug abuse which included pneumonia, endocarditis or myocarditis, pulmonary embolism, AIDS and intracerebral hemorrhage. 87 (14.4%) were positive for HIV antibodies, an incidence much higher than that identified in our general autopsy population (2.6%). Drugs of abuse were also found in a significant portion of the homicides examined at this office in 1992 and 1993. 323 of the 1265 homicide victims (25%) showed evidence of some form of illicit drug activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

AVP and aldosterone at physiological concentrations have synergistic effects on Na+ transport in rat CCD.

These studies examined whether the previously reported synergism between pharmacological doses of deoxycorticosterone (DOC) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) also occur at physiological concentrations of aldosterone and AVP. We examined the dose-response of salt transport, as measured by the lumen-to-bath 22Na+ flux (J1 --> b) and transepithelial voltage (VT), and of osmotic water permeability (Pf), to AVP in isolated perfused cortical collecting ducts (CCDs) from three groups of rats: (1) implanted with a 1 mg d-aldosterone pellet, which produced a moderately elevated, but physiologically relevant, plasma aldosterone concentration of 18.4 +/- 2.6 ng/dl; (2) implanted with a 2.5 mg DOC pellet (a high pharmacological dose); and (3) untreated rats, Pf reached the same maximal value in all three groups, and the concentration of AVP producing one-half the maximal Pf response (K0.5) was not significantly different among the three groups, ranging from 5 to 10 pM. There was a significantly greater increase in J1 --> b and hyperpolarization of VT with increasing AVP in both groups of treated rats than in the untreated group. The maximum values of J1 --> b and VT achieved at high AVP concentrations were not significantly different in CCDs from the aldosterone-treated and DOC-treated groups, but they were significantly higher than in the CCDs from untreated rats. Although maximal VT values achieved with DOC and aldosterone treatment were the same, the AVP K0.5 for VT were significantly lower in the DOC-treated than in the aldosterone-treated group. Although not statistically significant, the same trend was observed for J1 --> b. We conclude that AVP and aldosterone synergistically stimulate Na+ reabsorption at physiological concentrations of both hormones; however, VT (and probably Na+ reabsorption, which is generally proportional to VT) reaches maximum values at lower AVP concentrations when pharmacological doses of DOC are employed.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1996

[Study of chromosome painting for one rare carrier with complex translocation].

This paper reports that one rare male carrier with complex translocation, being married for eight years, made his wife consecutive seven times abortions, stillbirth and teratogenesis of early death. Using human chromosome 7 and 8-specific probe pools constructed with the technique of chromosome microdissection and PCR, we carried out chromosome painting research of the patients, and identified the karyotype was: 46, XY, -7, -8, -9, +der (7)t(7; 9) (q2200; p24), +der(8)inv ins(8; 7) (q2100; q31.2q2200), +der (9)t(9; 7) (p24; q31.2).ish der(7)t(7; 9) (wcp7+), der(8)inv ins(8; 7)(wcp7+, wcp8+), der(9)t(9; 7) (wcp7+). The technique of chromosome painting provided us an effective technique of molecular cytogenetics for the study of chromosomal abnormalities. The formation mechanism of the complex translocation of the carrier is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[A study of immune suppression activity of serum from burned rabbits].

A burned rabbit's model (20% TBSA) was used in this study. The sera taken from the burned rabbits without bacteremia and sepsis showed immune suppressive effects, especially the sera obtained 4 days after injury. After being separated by ultrafiltration, the burned sera were divided into three groups. The ultrafiltrating substances with molecular weight below 10 Kd or between 10 to 30 Kd were found to reduce the production of IL-2 and the lymphocyte blastogensis stimulated by Con A. The substances with molecular weight greater than 30 Kd also showed profound immune suppressive action on lymphocyte. No obviously abnormal protein was found in the burned serum analysed with SDS electrophoresis. It is concluded that the immune suppressive substances in the burned serum were characterised by complexity in components and a wide range of molecular weight.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Studies on biological characteristics of HL-60 and all-trans-retinoic acid resistant HL-60 cells--comparison of the basic biological and cytogenic features of the two cell lines of HL-60].

The biological features of HL-60 and all-trans-retinoic acid resistant HL-60 cells (HL-60/ RA) were studied in terms of cell proliferation, cytokinetics, chromosome distribution and G-band karyotypes. Results indicated that the two cell lines exhibited similar morphology and doubling time and similar cytokinetic features, but the cell population in S phase of HL-60/RA is smaller than that of HL-60 cells. Their chromosome number is around 45 +/- 3 for HL-60 and 45 +/- 1 for HL-60/RA cells. G-band karyotype analysis showed that they have a similar diploid karyotype and some abnormal chromosomes. These results demonstrated that HL-60 and HL-60/RA cell lines were originated from the same source.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1996

Effect of probucol on mRNA expression of glomerular antioxidant enzymes in rat with subtotal nephrectomy.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate 1) the glomerular mRNA expression and protein activity of antioxidant enzymes (AOEs) including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathine peroxidase (GSH-Px) and the glomerular content of lipid peroxide-malondiadehyde (MDA), 2) the effects of probucol (P), a potent antioxidant agent on these AOEs and MDA levels, in the chronic phase of subtotal nephrectomized rats. METHODS: The adult male Spregue-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups at the first week after subtotal renal ablation. Group 1 was sham rats (sham n = 8), group 2 underwent 5/6 nephrectomy without special therapy (5/6 Nx n = 8), and group 3 with 5/6 nephrectomy received probucol (5/6 Nxs+P n = 8) at a dose of 1% in the rat chow. At the 12th week after P was administrated, all of the rats were sacrificed to remove left kidney for the determination of glomerular level of MDA, activity of SOD, and GSH-Px, glomerular mRNA expression of AOEs by Northern blot analysis as well as a histological examination. RESULTS: In 5/6 Nx, serum cholesterol, proteinuria increased and creatinine clearance decreased progressively with age as compared with that in sham. Those abnormalities as well as glomerulosclerosis index (GI) ameliorated with the administration of probucol at the 12th week after subtotal nephrectomy [GI: sham 3.12 +/- 1.20, P < 0.01 vs 5/6 Nx 5/6 Nx 188.6 +/- 25.1; 5/6 Nx +/- P, 106.9 +/- 17.6, P < 0.05 vs 5/6 Nx]. The probucol therapy also significantly improved the decrease of glomerular Mn-SOD and GSH-Px both at mRNA level and protein activity and the increase of glomerular MDA content. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated a deficiency of glomerular AOEs in the chronic phase of remnant kidney, which may contribute to the progression of renal injury. The protective effects of probucol on both renal functional impairment and the development of glomerulosclerosis may be partially associated with improving surviving glomerular AOEs.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[The changes of plasma nitric oxide in patients with pregnancy induced hypertension].

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the antepartum and postpartum plasma nitric oxide (NO) levels were changed in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). METHODS: 30 patients with PIH and 30 healthy women in their late pregnancy were studied. The antepartum and postpartum plasma NO2-/NO2- levels, the stable metabolic end products of NO, and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) were measured with greiss reagent. RESULTS: (1) The plasma concentration of NO2-/NO2- and cGMP in patients with PIH decreased significantly when compared with that of healthy pregnant women (P < 0.01). (2) The concentration of antepartum plasma NO2-/NO2- was markedly lower than that of postpartum one in PIH patients (P < 0.01). (3) There was a negative correlation between the plasma NO2-/NO3- level and systolic blood pressure in PIH (P < 0.01). (4) A positive correlation was seen between plasma NO2-/NO3- levels and cGMP levels in PIH patients (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The decrease of NO synthesis may be one of the important factors responsible for PIH.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Immune-mediated tubulointerstitial injury in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To study the presence of Hantan virus RNA and specific immune-complex deposits in the renal tubular epithelium of HFRS patients. METHODS: Renal biopsy specimens from 15 cases of HFRS, 3 cases of ischemic ATN and 5 normal controls (donor of transplantation) were investigated. Human HLA-DR, ICAM-ILFA-1 and CD4+, CD8+, CD8+ cells in the renal tissue section were quatitatively analyzed by immuno-peroxidase staining 4 layers PAP. Histo-morphometric analysis of pathological section was made for each specimen. RESULTS: HFRS presented abundant amount of HLA-DR and ICAM-1 in tubular cells both on cortical and medullary region, while ischemic ATN tended to have such positive results only in cells of cortical region. The intensity and extent of HLA-DR and ICAM-1 LFA-1 staining were closely correlated with the degree of tubulointerstitial damage of HFRS. Interstitial CD4, CD8 and monocytes increased in amount profoundly in HFRS with a preponderance in the medullary region, and particularly of CD8 positive cells. Less marked increment occurred in ATN cases, and no discrepancies were found between cortical and medullary region or cell types. The severity of tubulointerstitial lesion was closely associated with the extent of cellular infiltration and the expression of HLA-DR, ICAM-1 in renal tubular cells. CONCLUSION: The characteristic changes of tubulointerstitial lesions in HFRS suggest that virus infection may be one of the mediators responsible for the immune kidney injuries in HFRS.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Research of clinic and laboratory of face acupuncture effect and the exploration of their afferent pathways].

This paper shows that face acupuncture point (Liver point through gallbladder point) has significant effect of promoting bile secretion on the patients of cholecystectomy and choledochotomy and drainage. Special different point is that face acupuncture stimulation has very obvious posteffect comparing with other three body acupuncture groups and this posteffect lasts more than fifty minuts. The results also show that the successful rate of face acupuncture anesthesia is better than body acupuncture anesthesia during the ligation of oviduct and subtotal gastrectomy. The above results are all analysed statistically and there is a very significant difference among them. During the research on domestic dog anesthesiaed by face acupuncture, the successful rate is 86.5%, moreover the analgesic effect of face acupuncture can be blocked by blocking bilateral postganglionic fibre of trigeminal ganglion with 2% procaine. The results imply that trigeminal ganglion is the main afferent way of stimulation information of face acupuncture.

Acupuncture Analgesia↗
PubMed1996

[Applied anatomy of the medial superior genicular artery and the retrograde island flap].

Through anatomical dissection of fifty freshly amputated adult lower extremities, the origin, length, diameter and extent of perfusion of the superior genicular artery and its relation with the anterior tibial recurrent artery were investigated. Results revealed that the medial superior genicular artery originated primarily from the femoral artery (95.5%). It descends between the sartorius and majormedial muscles and then separates into branches that nourish the upper one-third of the lower leg and the medial skin of the knee, and then, by anastomosis, joins the anterior tibia recurrent artery on the level of the medial malleolus of the tibia. The formation rate of the anastomotic arch is 100% with the average outer diameter of 1.3 +/- 0.39 mm (x +/- s). Based on these observations, we conclude that the medial area of the knee is the best donor site of an island flap, which can be used to repair the medial superior one-third of the lower leg and the region around the knee.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Clinical correlations of multidrug resistance gene expression in ovarian carcinoma].

OBJECTIVES: To measure the multidrug resistance gene (MDR1) messenger RNA (mRNA) content of ovarian carcinoma and to investigate the clinical significance of MDR1 expression in ovarian carcinoma. METHODS: A sensitive assay based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to measure MDR1 mRNA in biopsy samples of 35 ovarian carcinoma, 20 ovarian benign tumors and 17 normal controls. Pathological diagnosis was made from these samples. RESULTS: (1) The expression rate of MDR1 in ovarian carcinomas was 57.1%, but there was no expression in benign ovarian tumors and in the normal controls. (2) 40.9% of patients given primary treatments and 84.6% of patients previously treated but with relapses had over expression of MDR1 gene. (3) The positive expression rate of MDR1 in cancer lesion, its adjacent sites and metastasis was 52.9%, 11.8% and 70.6% respectively. (4) The response rate to chemotherapy was lower in patients with overexpression of MDR1 gene than in patients without such expression. (5) No significant correlation was observed when the positive rate of expression of MDR1 in cancer tissues was analyzed against clinical stages and pathological types. CONCLUSIONS: The overexpression of MDR1 was correlated with acquired drug-resistance in patients with ovarian caracinoma. Measurement of the expression of MDR1 in a patient's tumor may be of value clinically in detecting drug-sensitivity and in predicting prognosis.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1996

[Labour induction in women at term with mifepristone and misoprostol].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of mifepristone (RU486) combined with misoprostol as an induction agent for the initiation of labour in women at term. METHODS: Our study group contained 68 pregnant women at term (gestational age: 38-41 weeks) who had clear clinical indications for labour induction. They received mifepristone either 150 mg or 200 mg respectively in the first two or three days. The shortening of the cervical length, the change of Bishop score and the change of the blood serum in oestradiol (E2) concentration and progesterone (P) concentration were observed respectively before and after medication. On the fourth day, misoprostol was added from 100 micrograms to 300 micrograms successively. The outcome of labour induction in these women was recorded. RESULTS: The cervical length of women who were given mifepristone was 1-3 cm shorter and Bishop score was 4-5 higher than those before treatment. The E2 concentration and the P concentration were significantly higher and lower respectively than those before treatment. The cervical ripening ratio was 100.00%. The incidence of the onset of labor was 93.00% and the incidence of vaginally delivery was 80.88% after misoproston was given. CONCLUSION: Mifepristone combined with misoprostol is a safe, efficient, economical and convenient induction agent for initiation of labor in women at term.

Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal↗