Biomedical subjects

L Li

Publications and source records attributed to L Li.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources

PubMed2001

The distribution and significance of renal infiltrating cells in patients with diffuse crescentic glomerulonephritis.

OBJECTIVE: To study the significance and distribution of renal infiltrating cells, including monocytes (CD68+ cells), proliferative cell nuclear antigen positive cells (PCNA+ cells), CD4+ and CD8+ cells in diffuse crescent glomerulonephritis (DCGN). METHODS: Fifty-six patients with DCGN were studied, including 10 cases of anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM)--type I DCGN, 26 immune complex--type II DCGN, and 20 cases of pauci-immune--type III DCGN. Glomerular and interstitial infiltrates of CD68+ and PCNA+ cells, and interstitial infiltrates of CD4+ and CD8+ cells were detected by using four-layer PAP methods. RESULTS: There was a significant increase of renal infiltrating CD68+, PCNA+, CD4+ and CD8+ cells in patients with DCGN compared with that in normal controls. In patients with type I DCGN, there was a higher number of renal infiltrating CD68+ and PCNA+ cells than that in patients with type II and III DCGN. A glomerular infiltrates of CD68+ and PCNA+ cells correlated with the interstitial infiltrates of CD4+ cells in type I or III DCGN patients. In lupus DCGN patients, the numbers of renal infiltrating CD68+ and PCNA+ cells were similar to vasculitis or type III DCGN patients. CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate that the renal infiltrates of CD68+ and PCNA+ cells play an important role in patients with DCGN, that the infiltrates of CD4+ cells correlate with the infiltrates of CD68+ and PCNA+ cells may be an active marker of DCGN, and that cell-mediated immunity may contribute to crescent formation in lupus DCGN patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Cyclosporin A treatment for idiopathic membranous nephropathy.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of cyclosporin A (CSA) in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN), a prospective controlled clinical study was performed. METHODS: This study included a group of 30 IMN patients, among them 15 were treated with CSA and 15 with captopril (CAP). The diagnosis of IMN was made with exclusion of secondary forms of membranous nephropathy by extensive clinical and pathological studies. No patients received steroids or cytotoxic agents for six months prior to enrollment. In the CSA group, CSA was given at an initial dosage of 5 mg.kg-1.d-1, gradually tailed off over the first three months and maintained at 2 mg.kg-1.d-1 for 12 months. In the CAP group, CAP was given at a dosage of 37.5 mg/day. RESULTS: In the first three months, 6 (6/15) complete remissions (CR) and 2 (2/15) partial remissions (PR) were observed in the CSA group while only 2 (2/15) PRs were observed in the CAP group. Before the end of the 15-months, 8 patients in the CSA group experienced CR and 4 patients experienced PR. One CR patient relapsed as the dosage of CSA was reduced, so 7 patients remained in CR at the end of the first 15-months. No additional CR or PR was observed in the CAP group during late follow-up. At the last visit (an average follow-up time of 44 months) in the CSA-group, another 2 CR patients had relapsed and 1 CR patient shifted to PR after stopping the CSA treatment, so 4 CR and 5 PR remained in the CSA group. In the CAP group, 3 spontaneous CRs occurred beyond 1.5 year's follow-up, with 3 CR and 2 PR at the last visit. No difference was found between the averages of the initial and the last serum creatinine levels in either group. No serious adverse effects were found during CSA treatment. Re-biopsy data of three patients responsive to CSA treatment showed that no pathological improvement of glomerular basement membrane was observed, even in cases at remission. Tubulointerstitial fibrosis was found in 1 relapsed CR patient, whose serum creatinine increased above the normal range, but not in the other 2 patients whose serum creatinine remained in the normal range. CONCLUSIONS: CSA therapy at a dosage of 5 mg.kg-1.d-1 is effective in inducing remission of nephrotic syndrome in adult IMN patients within three months, with a response rate of 80%. A relatively high rate of relapse (50%) was observed within 2 years after the withdrawal of CSA treatment.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Gene polymorphism in IL-1 receptor antagonist affects its production by monocytes in IgA nephropathy and Henoch-Schonlein nephritis.

OBJECTIVE: To define the functional significance of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) gene polymorphism and to investigate, the production of IL-1ra by monocytes from individuals with different genotypes of IL-1. METHODS: The genotype of IL-1ra was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Peripheral monocytes obtained from patients with immunoglobin A nephropathy (IgAN), Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) and normal subjects were matched in sex and age between the IL1RN-2 allele carriers and non-carriers. The secretion of IL-1ra, IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta in the supernatant of GM-CSF (10 ng/ml) treated and untreated monocytes were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: The secretion of IL-1ra by monocytes stimulated with GM-CSF was significantly higher in the IL1RN-2 allele non-carriers than those of carriers both in IgAN (21.55 +/- 3.08 vs 13.85 +/- 2.24 ng/ml, P < 0.001) and HSPN (23.72 +/- 6.68 vs 12.67 +/- 2.24 ng/ml, P < 0.01) as well as in normal controls (20.29 +/- 1.45 vs 10.51 +/- 2.3 ng/ml, P < 0.001). All showed no significant differences in monocyte secretion of IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta by GM-CSF stimulation between the IL1RN-2 allele carriers and non-carriers. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that a functional correlation of the IL1RN-2 allele and IL-1ra production is present in patients with IgAN and HSPN. This gene polymorphism control of IL-1ra production may contribute to the variety of clinical responses to inflammatory stimulation in individuals with different genotype of IL-1ra.

DNA↗

PubMed2001

[Detection of p53 gene alteration in sputum sample and its implications in early diagnosis of lung cancer].

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the value of detecting point mutation of p53 gene in sputum sample and its validity and reliability as a surveillance index in early diagnosis of lung cancer in suspicious patients. METHODS: Sputum samples were collected from 54 cases identified as lung cancer and 114 cases as pulmonary benign disease. The polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) was performed for detection of point mutation at exon 5 - 8 of p53 gene and sputum smear also used for each sample. RESULTS: A detection rate of 55.56% (30/54) in the lung cancer group is significantly higher than that of 1.75% (2/114) in the control (P < 0.001). In the lung cancer group, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive likelihood ratio of p53 alterations as a diagnostic marker of lung cancer were 55.56%, 98.25% and 31.75 respectively. Moreover, the detection rates were 35.19% (19/54) by smears and 55.56% (30/54) by PCR-SSCP-silver stain; both the difference and consistency were statistically significant (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05 respectively). Statistic analysis did not show any significant relation between p53 alteration and clinical parameters such as gender, smoking habits, histotypes and stages, but the detection rate of p53 alteration in older patients (>or=60 years old) was significantly higher than that in younger (P = 0.02). One case with p53 alteration at exon 5 in the control group was confirmed to be squamous carcinoma after 4 years of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Detection of p53 gene alteration in sputum sample by PCR-SSCP-silver stain can be used as a follow-up surveillance index for early diagnosis of lung cancer in suspicious patients.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[Application of positron emission tomography in diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the usefulness of positron emission tomography(PET) with fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG-PET) in lung cancer. METHODS: Patients who presented between September 1999 and March 2000 with lung cancer or indeterminate lung lesions on chest CT scan were enrolled and underwent FDG-PET scanning. RESULTS: Of the 88 patients, 68 (77.3%) patients had malignancy and 20(22.7%) patients had a benign lesion. Of the 125 lung lesions, 80(64.0%) malignant lesions had a median standard uptake ratio (SUR) of 2.8(range 0-12.0), while 45(36.0%) benign lesions had a median SUR of 0(range 0-3.7). There was significant difference between the two groups. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of PET imaging for lung lesions were associated with the size of lesions but not with radiation or chemotherapy given before. The diagnostic specificity and accuracy of PET for lung lesions were significantly higher than those of CT scan. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of SUR method were 65.0%, 91.1% and 74.4% respectively and those of PET visual analysis were 95.0%, 95.6% and 95.2% respectively. The accuracy for lung lesions > or = 1.5 cm with SUR method was higher than that of lesions < 1.5 cm, being 93.8% and 62.3% respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy of PET visual analysis for lymph node metastasis were significantly higher than those of CT scan. SUR was not correlated with the degree of cell differentiation, but it decreased significantly in small cell lung cancer after radiation or chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: PET is of advantage to the evaluation of lung lesions and diagnosis of lymph node metastasis in lung cancer. PET visual analysis is recommended in lung lesions after radiation or chemotherapy or with size < 1.5 cm in diameter.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[The effects of dialysate and ultrafiltration flow rate on solute clearance during continuous renal replacement therapy].

OBJECTIVE: To study the solute clearance during various forms of continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT) and test the formulas that allow the prediction of the influence of dialysate and ultrafiltration flow rate on small solute removal during CRRT. METHOD: Five patients with acute renal failure were included in the study and were treated by venovenous CRRT using the PRISMA predilution system. Solute clearance of urea nitrogen(UN), creatinine(Cr), uric acid(Ua), phosphate(P) and beta(2)-microglobulin(beta(2)-M) were evaluated during CRRT with different dialysates and ultrafiltration flow rates. RESULTS: The determined clearance of small molecular solutes during continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) and continuous venovenous hemodialysis(CVVHD) was similar with the following formulas: K(UF) = (Q(UF)/60) x Q(B)/(Q(B) + Q(UF)/60) (in CVVH), Kd = Q(D)/60 (in CVVHD), where K is the clearance, Q(B), Q(D) and Q(UF) are blood, dialysate and ultrafiltration flow rates, respectively. There was very significant correlation between calculated values of K(UF) and observed clearances of small solutes such as UN, Cr, Ua and P during CVVH, between calculated values of Kd and observed clearances of UN, Cr, Ua but not P during CVVHD (P < 0.001). Clearances of UN, Cr, Ua and P during CVVHD were greater than those during CVVH, but clearance of beta(2)-M during CVVHD was less than that during CVVH. Interaction between convection and diffusion was found during continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF). CONCLUSIONS: The previous formulas can provide with the prediction of the clearance of small molecular solutes during CVVH and CVVHD. The present results demonstrate that diffusion is more efficient in removing small solutes than convection but less efficient in removing large solutes than convection. There is interaction between convection and diffusion during CVVHDF.

Acute Kidney Injury↗

PubMed2001

[Association between asthma and the polymorphism of HLA-DQ genes].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate association between asthma and HLA-DQ genes in Chinese asthma family. METHODS: HLA genotyping was done for HLA-DQ using polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP) in 98 members of 32 Chinese asthma families and 67 normal controls. RESULTS: The allele frequencies of DQA1 * 0101 and DQA1 * 0601 in asthmatics (40.0% and 45.0% respectively) were significantly higher than those in normal controls (16.4% and 13.4% respectively; chi(2) = 6.1860, P < 0.05, RR = 3.39 and chi(2) = 11.609 0, P < 0.01, RR = 5.27 respectively). The allele frequencies of DQB1 * 0303 and DQB1 * 0601 in asthmatics (55.0% and 47.5% respectively) were also significantly higher than those in normal controls (13.7% and 13.7% respectively; chi(2) = 15.740 0, P < 0.01, RR = 7.68 and chi(2) = 10.930 0, P < 0.01, RR = 5.69 respectively). The allele frequency of DQ * 0201 (39.4%) was significantly higher in members with positive specific IgE response to dermatophagoides than that in non-atopy members (12.0%) in asthma family (t = 2.382 5, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: HLA-DQA1* 0101, DQA1 * 0601 and HLA-DQB1 * 0303, DQB1 * 0601 may be the susceptible alleles of asthma. HLA-DQB1 * 0201 allele may limit the specific IgE response to dermatophagoides.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

[A multianalysis study on clinicopathologic factors related to lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To study the function of CD44v6, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and cNOS in the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer and their value in estimating early lymph node metastasis. METHODS: Logistic stepwise regression model was used to analyze the influence of ten clinicopathological factors on the lymph node metastasis in 119 cases of gastric cancer. RESULTS: Using the established equation to estimate lymph node metastasis, the stronger the CD44v6 expression, the higher the frequency of lymph node metastasis; the frequency of lymph node metastasis was the highest in patients with positive MMP-9 and negative TIMP-1 expression. However, the frequency was the lowest in those with negative MMP-9 and positive TIMP-1 expression and that of positive expression in hemangio-lymphangio-endothelial cells of gastric cancer was relatively high. CONCLUSIONS: The intensity of CD44v6 expression, the imbalance between MMP-9 and TIMP-1 expressions and cNOS mRNA expression in the endothelial cells were highly useful for the preoperative diagnosis of lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer patients.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[Relations of mechanical properties of human mandible to strain rate and density under tension load].

OBJECTIVE: To study the biomechanical properties of human mandible under tension load and deduce the constitutive equation. METHODS: 100 specimens taken from five mandible of fresh human cadavers were examined on INSTRON by a group of tensile tests at different strain rates (0.0003/s, 0.0030/s, 0.0300/s, 0.3000/s). Bone mineral density of every individual mandible was measured. The effect of strain rate (epsilon), bone mineral density (rho) on young modulus (E), strength (sigma u) and ultimate strain (epsilon u) was studied and the constitutive equation was deduced using the following model: Y = a rho b epsilon c. RESULTS: (1) sigma u = 126.36 rho 1.88 x epsilon 0.044 (P < 0.01), (2) E = 25,170.97 rho 0.44 x epsilon 0.052 (P < 0.01), (3) epsilon u = 0.0088 rho 1.89 x epsilon -0.028 (P < 0.01), (4) sigma u = 6,309.57 rho 0.96 epsilon 0.056 x epsilon 0.80 (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Strain rate and bone mineral density are important factors for the biomechanical properties of human mandible under tension load. The results above may modelize and characterize the constitutive relation within small strain rates. From the constitutive equation, we could estimate the stress level of the mandible and assess the possibility and degree of mandible injury.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗

PubMed2001

[Comprehensive evaluation on the effect of chemical regulation agent on rice injured by insufficient illumination during its heading-filling period].

Main indexes of rice injury by insufficient illumination (II) were selected through Gray Relation, and the effect of regulation agent on rice injured by II at different stages during heading-filling period was analyzed using Gradation Analysis and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation. The results showed that the percentage of filled-grain, net assimilation rate and root activity were the top three indexes subject to injury. Application of chemical regulation agent when the injury occurred 6-20 days after heading had the best effect, with a degree of subordinacy of 0.7869.

Agrochemicals↗

PubMed2001

[Life table of experimental population Liposcelis bostrychophila].

The age-specific and time-specific life table of experimental population Liposcelis bostrychophila was established at 8 different temperatures (17.5-35 degrees C) and 5 different humidities (50-90% RH). The relations between population dynamics and temperature or humidity were discussed with Morris model and Weibull frequency distribution. The results indicated that the effect of temperature and humidity on survivorship was the most important factor to population trend index (I). Under suitable range of temperature and humidity, the population survival curve belonged to Deevey I; while under improper conditions, it belonged to Deevey III. Theoretically, finite increase rate (lambda) had the highest value 1.0628/day at 30.63 degrees C. The optimum range of temperature and relative humidity for its development and reproduction was estimated at 28-30 degrees C and 80% +/- RH, respectively.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

[Study on the epidemiological feature and control measure for rabies from 1990 to 2000 in Jiangsu province].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological feature of rabies and explore the risk factors in Jiangsu for the control of rabies. METHODS: Data on rabies in Jiangsu from Jan. 1990 to Sep. 2000, and on case studies as well as surveillance from 1998 to 2000, were collected. Circular distribution statistics and Chi-square test were used. RESULTS: The number of rabies had been decreasing since 1990 yearly, but increased in the last two years. The new cases of rabies tended to focus in the area of Nantong, Yanchen and Taizhou city. There were about 80% of cases in the above areas. Dogs were the main hosts (93.22%). Ninety-four point nine two percent of the persons were affected through dog bites with major wounded part as thoracic limbs (46.27%). Rates of severe bites, being wounded close to the central nervous system and more than 1 wound per cases were significantly higher than that in the population under surveillance. The antibody conversion rate was 86.28% after immunization in the surveillance population. The immunization rate was 58.20% among dogs. CONCLUSION: Severe deep bites, wounded part close to the central nervous system and more than 1 wound per case were the risk factors in patients with rabies. Maltreatment and low immunization rate were important risk factors as well.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

[The relationship of low density lipoprotein receptor gene polymorphism and hyperlipidemia].

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship of low density lipoprotein receptor gene polymorphism and hyperlipidemia in the population with essential hypertension. METHODS: People with different lipid levels including 107 hyperlipidemia, 104 at margin level and 108 normal were recruited in the study. Their polymorphisms of LDL-R gene were analyzed using PCR-RFLP. RESULTS: There were three kinds of genotype: (+/+), (+/-), (-/-). In male, the frequencies of the (+/-) in three study groups were shown as follows: 41.18% in hyperlipidemia, 46.15% in margin level, 19.05% in normal lipid. The frequency of (+) allele was significantly higher in hyperlipidemia than that in normal lipid (24.51%, 25.00% and 11.11%, respectively). In women, the differences were not statistically significant. The nonconditional univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that (+) allele of Ava II polymorphism of LDL-R was a genetic marker of male's hypercholesterolemia. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of (+/-) hyperlipidemia in males was higher than that in normal lipid group and the (+) allele in male hyperlipidemia was significantly more frequent seen than that in normal lipid group. These results suggested that polymorphisms of LDL-Rgene might play an independent role of risk factor for hyperlipidemia.

Female↗

PubMed2001

[Evaluation the pathological diagnostic values of koilocyte in condyloma acuminatum].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the histological diagnostic values of koilocyte in histopathologic diagnosis of condyloma acuminatum. METHODS: Koilocyte was served as diagnostic criteria to scan 2 063 biopsies and compared the results with "goldan standard" of histopathologic diagnosis of condyloma acuminatum. RESULTS: Using koilocyte as diagnostic standard to diagnose condyloma acuminatum, the sensitivity and specificity were 77.93% and 95.26%, with positive predictive value 97.25%, negative predictive value 66.70%, positive likelihood rate 81.81, negative likelihood rate 23.17, under diagnostic rate 22.07%, misdiagnostic rate 4.74%. CONCLUSION: The koilocyte was proved to be one of classical histopathological morphologic features of human papillomavirus infection and other virus infection which served one of the most important histopathological markers for diagnosis of condyloma acuminatum, but not the only one.

Biopsy↗

PubMed2001

[Study on the quality of life among the elderly in the rural and pastoral districts in Baotou city].

OBJECTIVE: In order to explore the situation of QOL of the elderly in the rural and pastoral districts in Baotou city, to compare the differences of QOL between the two districts, and to find out the major factors influencing the QOL of the elderly. METHODS: SF-36, recommended by WHO was adopted to study the QOL of 1 421 old people in the rural and pastoral districts in Baotou city. RESULTS: (1) The average weighted score based on the SF-36 was 64.16 +/- 18.76 in the rural area district and 73.94 +/- 17.48 in the pastoral district (F = 137.8, P < 0.01). The level of QOL of the elderly in the pastoral district was significantly higher than that in the rural district. (2) Results from the multiple liner regression analysis showed that the main factors influencing the QOL of the elderly were chronic disease, age, hospitalization, education and gender in the rural district, but chronic disease, age, hospitalization, income and marital status in the pastoral district. CONCLUSION: Population with older age, low education, no spouse and low income should be viewed as the priority of attention and their special difficulties fully considered when setting up the policy of health care and social security.

Aged↗

PubMed2001

[A research of infant refraction in Kunming Municipality].

OBJECTIVE: To study the infant refraction, detect ametropia in mass screening refraction and correct the ametropia properly for the treatment and prevention of amblyopia and strabismus as early as possible. METHODS: The refraction status of 1 146 children (2 291 eyes, aged 1 month -3 years) were determined with retinoscopy after tropicamide cycloplegia. RESULTS: The results of statistics showed that 89 eyes (3.88%) had emmetropia, 2 139 eyes (93.37%) hypermetropia, 38 eyes (1.66%) myopia, 560 eyes (24.44%) astigmatism and 25 eyes (1.09%) mixed astigmatism. In cases with ametropia, most of them were mild, and 97 eyes (4.23%) were moderate and severe. Anisometropia occurred in 34 infants (2.97%), and 7 infants (11 eyes, 0.48%) had strabismus. The degree of hypermetropia decreased with the increase of age. The percentage of astigmatism decreased with the age increase (chi(2) = 7.46, P<0.01), and the degree of astigmatism also decreased with the age increase (chi(2) = 26.1l, P < 0.01). Myopia increased with the age increase (chi(2) = 4.06, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The prevention of amblyopia and strabismus in children should begin at the infant period, and the cases with moderate and severe ametropia should wear eye glasses as early as possible.

Amblyopia↗

PubMed2001

[Phacoemulsification of the subluxated lens with cataract].

OBJECTIVE: To study the efficiency of phacoemulsification in the treatment of subluxated lens with cataract. METHOD: Phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation was performed on 19 eyes of 18 patients. RESULT: The visual acuity in 18 eyes was improved to different degrees. The visual acuity in one eye was not improved due to the preoperative macular contusion. CONCLUSION: Phacoemulsification for treatment of subluxated lens with cataract may decrease many complications occurring in the past procedure.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[Postoperative use of YAG laser for cataract surgery].

OBJECTIVE: To study and analyze the postoperative use of YAG laser for cataract surgery, the method, effects and complications of laser posterior capsulotomy. METHODS: Four hundred and fifty-one eyes out of 4 600 eyes with phacoemulsification in a single horizontal groove manner were dealt with YAG laser for postoperative complications, and of them, 380 eyes had a posterior capsulotomy with a two-steps method: posterior capsular circular incision and push down of the capsular chip. Forty-two eyes were treated for anterior membrane on the intraocular lens (IOL) by circular resection and peeling it off. The other 29 eyes were treated for different complications. RESULTS: The rate of YAG laser treatment for postoperative complications was 9.8% and of them, the rate of posterior capsulotomy was 8.3%. The rate of eyes with posterior capsular opacification and one or more other complications was 14.2%. The mean energy of a single pulse for posterior capsular resection was (1.21 +/- 0.31) mJ, and the mean total energy was (52.44 +/- 14.62) mJ; the mean energy of a single pulse for push down of the capsular chip was (2.12 +/- 0.43) mJ, and the mean total energy was (50.88 +/- 10.32) mJ. The average naked visual acuity after posterior capsulotomy was increased to 0.58 from 0.32 before the laser treatment, and corrected visual acuity was 0.85. The energy of a single pulse was 1.0 to 1.4 mJ for anterior membrane resection of IOL, and the mean total energy was (56.28 +/- 32.74) mJ. No obvious damage or decentration of the IOL was found. After the treatment, the IOP in 95.3% of eyes was kept in normal range. Only did 2 eyes suffer from retinal detachment in follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: YAG laser therapy for postoperative complications is easy to control, safe, effective, and has less complications. Besides the posterior capsulotomy, some other complications also can be cured with it.

Adolescent↗