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Biomedical subjects

L King

Publications and source records attributed to L King.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Teacher versus parent reports of preschoolers' social competence.

The social competence of children aged three through five was assessed using the Preschool Behavior Questionnaire. Two questions were addressed: First, were the responses of mothers and preschool teachers comparable for any particular child? Second, did the factor structure of the preschool teacher responses replicate those reported by the authors of the instrument? The results showed that the mothers' response patterns, as reflected in the factor structure, proved to differ from those of the preschool teachers. However, the teachers in the Seattle sample did replicate the previously reported factor structures of preschool teachers elsewhere. In addition, it was found that the suggested scoring criteria when applied to the study population produced an unacceptably high number of children in the "deviant" classification. The results were discussed in terms of the implications for using this instrument in general screening programs.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1981

Epidermal growth factor-receptor-protein kinase interactions.

Membranes prepared from A-431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells retained the ability to bind 125I-labeled epidermal growth factor (EGF) in a specific manner. In the presence of [gamma-32]ATP and Mn2+ or Mg2+, this membrane preparation was capable of phosphorylating specific endogenous membrane proteins, as well as exogenously added histone. The binding of EGF to membranes in vitro resulted in a several-fold stimulation of the phosphorylation reaction. The phosphorylation reaction was not dependent on cyclic AMP or cyclic GMP. These findings suggest that one of the biochemical consequences of the binding of EGF to membranes is a rapid activation of a cyclic AMP-independent phosphorylating system. The activation of the membrane-associated protein kinase by EGF appears to be a reversible phenomenon. The membrane preparation could be solubilized by a number of non-ionic detergents with the retention of both 125I-labeled EGF binding activity and EGF-enhanced phosphorylation of specific membrane proteins. The solubilized membrane preparation was purified by affinity chromatography. The purified preparation retained both EGF-binding activity and EGF-enhanced phosphorylation activity. Analysis of the affinity-purified preparation by SDS gel electrophoresis indicated the presence of one major protein band of molecular weight 150,000 and several trace bands. The evidence suggests that the major 150,000 protein band is the receptor for EGF and is a substrate of the phosphorylation reaction. The co-purification of EGF-binding activity and EGF-stimulated phosphorylation activity suggests an inherent close relationship. The EGF-stimulated phosphorylation reaction appears to be specific for tyrosine residues and in this regard resembles the src protein kinase.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1981

A clinical screening program for topical chemotherapeutic drugs in psoriasis.

In this national, multicenter cooperative study, a standardized drug screening program was designed and evaluated to test the clinical effectiveness of 30 topically applied chemotherapeutic drugs to psoriasis. Appropriate concentrations and vehicles for topical administration were selected with regard to clinical testing consisted of a double-blind application of test agents to psoriatic plaques under occlusion daily for up to nine days. Drugs known to be topically active in psoriasis, eg, thiotepa, fluorouracil, and betamethasone valerate, were easily detected in the clinical protocol, confirming the validity of this topical drug screening program. Seven drugs produced substantial clinical improvement with evidence of clearing; nine drugs produced slight improvement; 14 drugs had no effect. No systemic toxid reactions occurred. This screen should be useful to test other potential antipsoriatic drugs and to evaluate potential animal model screens for their predictive values with the same drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The effect of mouse serum on lipid metabolism in embryonic chick limb-bud cells.

Dissociated embryonic chick limb cells will undergo terminal differentiation in culture. The addition of whole or delipidated mouse serum to the cultures will, however, inhibit the chondrogenic potential of the cells. The inhibitory serum readily stimulates increased incorporation of arachidonic acid and palmitic acid into triacylglycerol in the treated cells, while the incorporation of arachidonate into various phospholipids is significantly lowered. In contrast mouse serum has no effect on the incorporation of inorganic [32P]phosphate into phospholipid. We interpret the patterns of incorporation of these lipid substrates as indicating that mouse serum modulates the deacylation-reacylation cycle of phospholipids (Lands' cycle), which is primarily responsible for the incorporation of arachidonic acid. This finding suggests that there may be a decrease in membrane fluidity which might play a key role in cellular regulation and differentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Epidermal growth factor-receptor-protein kinase interactions. Co-purification of receptor and epidermal growth factor-enhanced phosphorylation activity.

Membranes may be prepared from A-431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells which have the ability to bind 125I-labeled epidermal growth factor (EGF) in a specific manner and which, in the presence of EGF, catalyze the phosphorylation of a number of endogenous membrane proteins. The activation of the membrane associated protein kinase by EGF appears to be a reversible phenomenon. The membrane preparation may be solubilized by a number of nonionic detergents with the retention of both 125I-labeled EGF-binding activity and EGF-enhanced phosphorylation of specific membrane proteins. The solubilized membrane preparation may be purified by affinity chromatography using EGF covalently linked to Affi-Gel. The purified preparation retains both EGF-binding activity and EGF-enhanced phosphorylation activity. Analysis of the affinity-purified preparation by sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis indicates the presence of one major protein band of molecular weight 150,000 and several trace bands. The evidence suggests that the major 150,000 protein band is the receptor for EGF and is a substrate of the phosphorylation reaction. The co-purification of EGF-binding activity and EGF-stimulated phosphorylation activity suggests an inherent close relationship.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Protein phosphorylation in human placenta. Stimulation by epidermal growth factor.

Membranes prepared from normal human term placenta possess a protein kinase activity which phosphorylates endogenous substrates in the presence of [gamma-32P]ATP. This kinase activity requires either Mg2+ or Mn2+, is enhanced by glycerol and appears to be cyclic-nucleotide-independent. Addition of epidermal growth factor to the placental membrane preparation increases the level of total phosphorylation by approx. 35%. When analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis and autoradiography, the placental proteins whose degree of phosphorylation was enhanced by epidermal growth factor had apparent molecular weights of 170000, 150000, and 25000. This report documents the presence of protein kinase activity in human placenta and demonstrates that epidermal growth factor can enhance protein phosphorylation in normal human tissue.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1980

Anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia.

A diagnosis of anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia should be considered for patients with an undeveloped breast or other deformities. Recognition of the syndrome can lead to necessary and helpful genetic counseling and will ensure that other members of the family, who may also be affected by the syndrome, are under proper care.

Breast↗
PubMed1979

Rapid enhancement of protein phosphorylation in A-431 cell membrane preparations by epidermal growth factor.

Membranes prepared from A-431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells retained the ability to bind 125I-labeled epidermal growth factor (EGF) in a specific manner. In the presence of [gamma-32P]ATP and Mn2+ or Mg2+, this membrane preparation was capable of phosphorylating endogenous membrane components, including membrane-associated proteins; the major phosphorylated amino acid residue detected in partial acid hydrolysates was phosphothreonine. The binding of EGF to these membranes in vitro resulted in a severalfold stimulation of the phosphorylation reaction; again, the major phosphorylated amino acid residue detected in partial acid hydrolysates was phosphothreonine. Membrane-associated dephosphorylation reactions did not appear to be affected by EGF. The phosphorylation reaction was not stimulated by cyclic AMP or cyclic GMP in the absence or presence of EGF. The phosphorylation system of the membrane was able to utilize [gamma-32P]GTP in both the basal and EGF-stimulated reactions. The enhanced membrane phosphorylation was specific for EGF and its derivatives; a wide variety of other peptide hormones were ineffective. The A-431 membrane preparation also was capable of phosphorylating exogenous proteins, such as histone, phosvitin, and ribonuclease, by a process which was stimulated by EGF. These findings suggest that one of the biochemical consequences of the binding of EGF to membranes is a rapid activation of a cyclic AMP-independent phosphorylating system.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1977

Tuberculosis transmission in a large urban jail.

Following diagnosis of moderately advanced tuberculosis in an inmate of Cook County Jail, tuberculin testing was performed to assess the degree of transmission of tuberculosis within the jail. Twenty-three percent of inmates exposed to the index patient were initially found to be tuberculin positive. Subsequent tuberculin testing three months later demonstrated a 71% rate of skin-test conversion in previously tuberculin-negative inmates exposed to the index patient. The rate of infectivity of tuberculosis within a jail is analogous to a household situation. Despite major obstacles, modern programs of tuberculosis screening and treatment are essential in correctional institutions.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Lipid synthesis in cultured human embryonic fibroblasts.

We describe here the pathways by which human embryonic fibroblasts synthesize lipids. In these studies, we quantitated the phospholipds by their phosphorus content and by their acyl components. These determinations defined both the chemical composition of the cellular membranes as well as their metabolic turnover. Using radiolabeled precursors, we have shown (a) synthesis of the glycerol moiety via glycolysis and the action of glycerokinase, (b) utilization of both exogenously added and endogenously synthesized fatty acids, (c) synthesis de novo of phosphatidyl choline and phsphatidyl ethanolamine from their base precursors, and (d) the methylation of phosphatidyl ethanolamine yielding phosphatidyl choline. Dividing cells synthesized phosphoglyceride more rapidly than cells in the stationary phase. However, considerable turnover of cellular lipid did occur in the stationary phase.

Acetates↗
PubMed1977

Utilization of former military medical corpsmen in the provision of jail health services.

In an effort to improve the quality of health services within a large urban jail, former military medical corpsmen have been employed as an integral component of a jail health service. Medical corpsmen are responsible for the performance of intake medical evaluations, delivery of prescription medications, triage for physician sick call, and provision of elementary health services on the jail tiers. Utilization of medical corpsmen has been associated with improved rates of medication delivery as well as beneficial effects in relation to tuberculosis and venereal disease control, and a more appropriate utilization of physician services. Effective utilization of medical corpsmen requires cooperation from the correctional staff as well as consistent supervision and support by qualified physicians.

Allied Health Personnel↗