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Biomedical subjects

L Juhlin

Publications and source records attributed to L Juhlin.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

The Langerhans cell: its origin, nature, and function.

This is the biography of a cell--a cell as elusive and as deceiving as any in medical literature. This is the biography of the Langerhans cell, literally a cell at our fingertips, yet seemingly always beyond our intellectual grasp. Here is the story of a foundling within our epidermis, yet outside our pathologist's daily view. It is the history of a cell whose stain and form belied its function. It is a biography of a cell which virtually hid from us until it came under the revealing beam of the electron microscope.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Acne treatment with oral zinc and vitamin A: effects on the serum levels of zinc and retinol binding protein (RBP).

The serum levels of zinc, vitamin A and retinol binding protein (RBP) were studied in 75 acne patients before and during oral treatment with zinc, vitamin A or placebo. In the zinc-treated patients an increase in the mean serum zinc level was seen after 2 weeks, when also the first clinical improvement occurred. After 4 weeks the zinc level had increased by about 30% and no further significant increase was observed during 3 months of treatment. In 33 healthy subjects there was an increase of 14% after 4 weeks of zinc therapy. Vitamin A and placebo induced no significant changes in the serum zinc status. Prior to therapy the serum levels of vitamin A and RBP were lower in the acne patients than in the controls. Zinc + vitamin A treatment raised the serum RBP value to normal after 4 weeks. In patients given vitamin A alone, a probable increase in RBP was achieved. Zinc and placebo treatment did not change the serum level of RBP.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1977

A new syndrome characterised by absence of eosinophils and basophils.

The clinical and laboratory findings in a patient constantly lacking eosinophil and basophil leucocytes in bone-marrow, blood, expectorates, and skin exudate are reported. He had repeated infections, asthma, haemolytic anaemia, vasomotor rhinitis, alopecia totalis, widespread scabies, and an extensive growth of warts. His IgA and IgE are low and this may account for some of the clinical features. When his plasma and serum were added in vitro the buffy coat of blood from other subjects, degranulation of eosinophils was seen within two hours. An immunological destruction of eosinophils and basophils is the most plausible explanation for their absence.

Anemia, Hemolytic↗
PubMed1977

Radially oriented fibrin crystallisation. A new test for endotoxin sensitivity in man.

Radially oriented acicular crystalline aggregates could be induced by incubating heparinised blood with bacterial endotoxins. These aggregates did not appear in the blood of 37 healthy volunteers but were observed in the blood of 130 patients, predominantly those with vasculitis, psoriasis, and bacterial infections. Study of these asteroid structures, which resemble 'sunbursts', led to the view that they are oriented crystals of fibrin radiating from a central platelet mass undergoing lysis.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1977

Effects of oral zinc and vitamin A in acne.

The effects of oral zinc sulfate (corresponding to 135 mg of zinc daily) alone and in combination with vitamin A (300,000 international units) daily on acne lesions have been compared with those of vitamin A alone and of a placebo. The number of comedones, papules, pustules, and infiltrates were counted at each visit. After four weeks, there was a significant decrease in the number of papules, pustules, and infiltrates in the zinc-treated groups. The effect of zinc plus vitamin A was not better than zinc alone. After 12 weeks of treatment, the mean acne score had decreased from 100% to 15%. The mechanism for the effect of zinc therapy in acne, to our knowledge, is not presently known.¿

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1977

Oriented fibrin crystallization: A phenomenon of hypersensitivity to bacteria in psoriasis, vasculitis and other dermatoses.

Heparinized blood from patients with a variety of dermatological problems was incubated with killed bacteria, bacterial extracts or Gram-negative bacterial endotoxin. Within 18-24 h asteroid bodies consisting of an amorphous centre with fine radiating needle crystals were seen. These bodies, not found in the blood of healthy volunteers, were most consistently observed in blood from patients with psoriasis, vasculitis and bacterial infections. Immunofluorescent studies disclosed the asteroid formations to be crystals of fibrin radiating presumably from a central platelet aggregate. The failure to demonstrate IgG, A, M or D suggests that the phenomenon results from the bacterial activation of complement by a non-immune yet specific pathway which in turn involves white cells, platelet aggregation and release of procoagulants.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1977

Serum zinc and retinol-binding protein in acne.

The serum levels of zinc and retinol-binding protein (RBP) have been determined in 173 patients with acne and compared with those of a control group. The RBP is a specific transport protein and its level in plasma reflects the amount of vitamin A available to the tissues. Patients with severe acne were found to have lower levels of RBP than either patients with mild acne or healthy subjects of the same age. In the case of males with severe acne, the mean serum zinc level was significantly lower than that of the control group. No such difference was observed for girls. The observed condition of low levels of zinc and vitamin A in the serum of patients with severe acne may provide a rationale for the clinically good effect of oral zinc treatment.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1977

A double-blind study of the effect of zinc and oxytetracycline in acne vulgaris.

With a double-blind technique, the effects of oral zinc and tetracyclines were compared in 37 patients with moderate and severe acne. No difference in effect between the treatments was seen and no side-effects were noted in any group. After 12 weeks of treatment, the average decrease in the acne score was about 70% in both groups.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1977

Antibody reactivity in penicillin-sensitive patients determinated with different penicillin derivatives.

35 individuals showing reactions to penicillin of anaphylactic shock, angioedema or urticaria were investigated. Their skin sensitivity was analysed using 16 different penicillin derivatives. In addition, the content of circulating reagins against the penicilloyl structure in the patient's sera were analysed using RAST. 17 of the patients had negative skin reactions and RAST results to all substances tested. The other 18 were skin test-positive to at least one derivative but showed markedly heterogeneous patterns of skin reactivity. 14 had positive reactions against penicilloyl structures accompanied by anti-penicilloyl reagins. Four patients showed doubtful reactions only to penicillin or penicilloate and/or penilloate. These patients also had very low levels of reagins against penicilloyl in their sera. Positive skin test results using monovalent penicillin derivatives such as penicillin, penicilloate, penilloate, penicilloyl amide, penicilloyl-formyl-lysine, penicillamine, which cannot form a multivalent antigen with penicillyol specificity, indicated formation of other derivatives of importance in penicillin allergy, e.g., penicillamine protein conjugates. Three patients showed skin reactions to ampicillin polymer and two to benzyl-penicillin polymer. The skin tests performed with the penicillin derivatives used do not seem to give more information on the sensitivity of the patients than does the RAST using penicilloyl structures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

New staining techniques for the Langerhans cell.

Three new techniques are described for staining the Langerhans cell in whole mounts of fresh human and guinea pig epidermis. These employ paraphenylenediamine, gold sodium thiomalate and cobalt chloride, respectively, and require appropriate epidermal separation with EDTA, ammonium thiocyanate or sodium bromide. Used in conjunction with a modified adenosine triphosphatase stain, these techniques provide greater capability for observing the Langerhans cell in disease states than can be achieved by any single stain. A combined stain with adenosine triphosphate and gold is also described.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1977

Selective uptake of contact allergens by the Langerhans cell.

Using histochemical staining techniques, it has been possible to demonstrate the selective uptake of ten different contact allergens by the Langerhans cells. It is postulated that the Langerhans cells form a reticuloepithelial system that clears the epidermis of foreign chemicals. The Langerhans cell is viewed as the site of hapten binding and antigen formation and hence the central target cell in immune contact dermatitis reactions.

Allergens↗
PubMed1977

Development of narrow-band lamps for testing and clinical use.

A compact narrow band lamp for high intensity irradiation has been developed. It consists of a high-pressure mercury lamp, a shutter and water cooled filters for spectral isolation of the light. A mixing device permits simultaneous irradiation with two different wavelenghts by using two lamps. The spectral distribution of the light within the bands is given for seven filter combinations. The construction and calibration of a power meter is also described.

Filtration↗
PubMed1976

A follow-up study of patients with recurrent urticaria and hypersensitivity to aspirin, benzoates and azo dyes.

We have studied seventy-five patients with recurrent urticaria and angio-oedema of more than 4 months duration and with positive provocation tests to aspirin, azo dyes, and/or benzoates. Cross-reactions between the test compounds were common. The patients were recommended to be on a diet free from salicylates, benzoates, and azo dyes. They were then followed for 6-24 months. At the follow-up, 24% were free from symptoms, 57% considered themselves much better and 19% stated that they were slightly better or unchanged. All patients had followed the diet for at least 1-3 months. Most of those who became totally free of symptoms did not continue with the diet, while most of the patients who considered themselves much better found that it was necessary to continue on the recommended diet. They usually developed symptoms as soon as they ingested something containing azo dyes or benzoates. To be able to maintain such a diet, it is important that the content of additives in food and drugs be properly declared.

Adolescent↗