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Biomedical subjects

L Hunt

Publications and source records attributed to L Hunt.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Does catheter immobilization reduce exit-site infections in CAPD patients?

This study was undertaken to ascertain the effectiveness of an immobilization device in reducing exit site infections (ESI) in CAPD patients, and whether immuno-suppressive therapy, diabetes, disconnect system and Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage had any bearing on the incidence of ESI. Sixty-six patients having a Tenckhoff catheter placement were randomly allocated into one of three groups; immobilizer, tape and non-immobilized group. The groups were monitored for the incidence of ESI over a total period of 347 patient months. The results show no significant difference in infection rates between the three groups, nor do the factors mentioned have any bearing on ESI rate. Whilst immobilization is important, the ineffectiveness of this device was probably related to its design problem.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1992

Eyeglasses and common complaints.

About one-half of the population wear eyeglasses. For them, a pair of eyeglasses is a necessary aid and when properly fit, can provide clear and comfortable vision for a variety of daily activities.

Eyeglasses↗
PubMed1992

Ophthalmic nursing assessment.

This article is written to assist the ophthalmic nurse in performing a basic assessment of the eye and provide a system for easy documentation. Many nursing physical assessment forms are developed to collect and organize data. However, there is very little published in gathering pertinent data on the ophthalmic patient in either the outpatient or inpatient setting.

Forms and Records Control↗
PubMed1992

The complex visual task of driving.

Inadequate vision as a cause of traffic accidents hasn't received a lot of publicity. Good vision is required to estimate automobile speeds, see potential danger from the side, and judge distance.

Automobile Driving↗
PubMed1991

Life events and low birthweight--analysis by infants preterm and small for gestational age.

Social stress was assessed in 92 women with low-birthweight babies and 92 controls using the detailed LEDS measure of life events and severe chronic difficulties. The low-birthweight group was divided into preterm delivery (n = 40), small for gestational age (SGA) (n = 40) and mixed groups. Multivariate analysis was performed using a binomial-logit model to examine whether social factors were independently and significantly associated with low birthweight once the effect of demographic factors, obstetric factors and smoking/drinking were taken into account. Comparison of preterm births with controls indicated that three factors were significantly associated: a previous low-birthweight baby, severe life event/difficulty and bleeding during pregnancy. For SGA babies the factors were: previous low-birthweight baby, low social support and smoking. By using a reliable measure of life events and adequate numbers of low-birthweight babies, this study overcame the potential inaccuracies of previous studies and indicates a more specific relation between social stress and low birthweight.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Clinical predictors and radiological reliability in atlantoaxial subluxation in Down's syndrome.

Clinical signs and symptoms that might predict atlantoaxial subluxation were studied prospectively in 135 of 180 children with Down's syndrome aged 6-14 years who form the Hester Adrian Research Centre cohort. Lateral radiographs of the cervical spine were taken in flexed, extended, and neutral positions, and the percentage of abnormalities in each view was 14, 10, and 10%, respectively. Gait was the only significant clinical predictor. The relative risk of having an abnormal neck radiograph with an abnormal gait was 2.91 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1 to 8). The sensitivity was 50% and the specificity 81%. Nineteen children had repeat radiographs to assess the reliability of radiological diagnosis. Six had abnormalities; five of 19 (26%) had an abnormality on the first radiograph, and four of 19 (21%) had an abnormality on a second radiograph, but only three (15%) had an abnormality on both occasions in any view (95% CI 0 to 25). We conclude that radiographs of the cervical spine are unreliable at identifying atlantoaxial subluxation in children with Down's syndrome, and we failed to identify any reliable clinical predictor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Vision and migraine.

Migraine is classified into four basic categories: common, classic, cluster, and complicated. Ocular migraine is a periodic loss of vision in one eye typically lasting 30 minutes or less. Ophthalmoplegia is a severe ipsilateral hemicranial headache that is preceded by aura of lightning flashes and expanding circles of light, accompanied by temporary ocular motor nerve palsies.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Dry eye.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Dry Eye Syndromes↗
PubMed1990

Efficient, low-cost protein factories: expression of human adenosine deaminase in baculovirus-infected insect larvae.

Human adenosine deaminase (EC 3.5.4.4), a key purine salvage enzyme essential for immune competence, has been overproduced in Spodoptera frugiperda cells and in Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper) larvae infected with recombinant baculovirus. The coding sequence of human adenosine deaminase was recombined into a baculovirus immediately downstream from the strong polyhedrin gene promoter. Approximately 60 hr after infection of insect cells with the recombinant virus, maximal levels of intracellular adenosine deaminase mRNA, protein, and enzymatic activity were detected. The recombinant human adenosine deaminase represented 10% of the total cellular protein and exhibited a specific activity of 70 units/mg of protein in crude homogenate. This specific activity is 70-350 times greater than that exhibited by the enzyme in homogenates of the two most abundant natural sources of human adenosine deaminase, thymus and leukemic cells. When the recombinant virus was injected into insect larvae, the maximum recombinant enzyme was produced 4 days postinfection and represented about 2% of the total insect protein with a specific activity of 10-25 units/mg of protein. The recombinant human adenosine deaminase was purified to homogeneity from both insect cells and larvae and demonstrated to be identical to native adenosine deaminase purified from human cells with respect to molecular weight, interaction with polyclonal anti-adenosine deaminase antibody, and enzymatic properties. A pilot purification yielded 8-9 mg of homogeneous enzyme from 22 larvae. The production of large quantities of recombinant human adenosine deaminase in insect larvae is inexpensive and rapid and eliminates the need for specialized facilities for tissue culture. This method should be applicable to large-scale production of many recombinant proteins.

Adenosine Deaminase↗
PubMed1990

Bone marrow transplantation using unrelated donors for patients with advanced leukemia or bone marrow failure.

Thirty-four patients received bone marrow transplants from unrelated donors. Donors and recipients were phenotypically matched for 6 of 6 HLA-A, B, and DR antigens in 27 cases and at 5 of 6 antigens in 7 cases. Twenty-three patients had leukemia, six had myelodysplasia, and five had aplastic anemia. Twenty-four patients had durable engraftment. Five died of sepsis prior to engraftment. Five patients failed to engraft; 2 of these patients had autologous bone marrow recovery. Seventeen patients developed grade greater than or equal to II acute graft-versus-host disease for an actuarial probability of 67 +/- 20%. The severity of acute graft-versus-host disease and its mortality appeared increased for recipients matched for 5 of 6 HLA-A, B, and DR antigens. Of the 34 patients, 13 (38%) are alive; actuarial survival beyond 6 months is 44 +/- 17%. None of the 25 leukemia and myelodysplasia patients achieving engraftment have relapsed. For leukemia and myelodysplasia recipients of 6 of 6 HLA-matched grafts, actuarial survival at 6 months was 55 +/- 21% compared with 14 +/- 26% for recipients matched for 5 of 6 HLA loci (P = 0.19). Infection and acute graft-versus-host disease were the primary causes of death in the engrafted patients. Survival for aplastic anemia patients was 20%. Late deaths due to pneumonia and bronchiolitis obliterans occurred after one year in 2 patients. Closely matched unrelated donor bone marrow transplants are associated with a higher incidence of graft failure and graft-versus-host disease than typically reported for transplants from HLA-identical siblings, but these preliminary data suggest a lower rate of relapse.

Acute Disease↗