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Biomedical subjects

L Hohenauer

Publications and source records attributed to L Hohenauer.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Oral treatment of acute dehydration in infants by an electrolyte-glucose-solution (author's transl)].

For oral treatment of acute dehydration in infants a solution of electrolytes and glucose in water is indicated. Selfmixing of this solution is not advisable. 30 infants with dehydration caused by acute diarrhoea were treated with a granulat (Normolyt) dissolved in water resulting in a solution of appropriate composition. The solution was well accepted and well tolerated. All babies without clinical signs of shock were successfully rehydrated by the solution. No untoward effects were observed.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

[Intensive care for newborns. Evaluation of questionaires (author's transl)].

This report contains three sections: A general definition of aims and tasks of neonatal intensive care is followed by the description of four regions and four neonatal units of different structure with some relevant statistics. According to this inquiry about 1.5 cots for maximum neonatal care and 4 cots for intermediate care per 1000 live births are needed. Considering efficiency and effectivity the smallest independent intensive care unit should "cover an area" of 4000 deliveries per year; it should be closely connected to a least one obstetrical unit. Where and how this neonatal unit may be integrated into a childrens hospital can be derived from the four examples given. It should be recognized that 1) high quality intensive care depends on the availability of additional pediatric services, 2) comprehensive care of newborn infants necessitates regional organization including a newborn ambulance system. Thus, close contacts with obstetrical, but also with pediatric units offering better facilities should be established. In yearly intervals results are to be self-controlled by statistical means. The following incidences of normal survival of infants referred to childrens hospitals can be gained currently [2]: Birth weights below 1000 g: above 20%; 1000--1499 g: above 85%; above 1500 g: better than 95%. Less favorable figures call for analyses of reasons and measures to abolish them.

Austria↗
PubMed1978

[Changes in mortality of low birth weight infants after the introduction of newborn intensive care (author's transl)].

The Newborn Intensive Care Centre at the Landeskinderkrankenhaus Linz is the referral centre serving an area in which 20% of births in Austria occur. During a 4-year period ending 1976, after the facilities for intensive care had been introduced, the overall mortality of low birth weight infants (LBWI) was reduced by 44% (from 26% to 14%), whilst the mortality of LBWI born at the Landes-Frauenklinik Linz, which works in close collaboration with the Landeskinderkrankenhaus, went down by 60% (from 24% to 9%). The chances of survival decreased with increasing transportation distance and suboptimum standards of obstetrical care, in spite of intensive treatment after referral. It is suggested that the improved methods of perinatal care applied at the obstetrical and neonatal units are the cause of this remarkable improvement in survival rate of LBWI. These improvements in neonatal survival rate contributed considerably to the 40% decline in infant mortality in Upper Austria from 26.7% in 1973 to 16.2% in 1976..

Austria↗
PubMed1978

[Respiratory failure in infants with acute bronchiolitis (author's transl)].

From 1974 until April 1977 232 babies with acut bronchiolitis were hospitalized at the Landeskinder-krankenhaus Linz. They represented 8% of all babies admitted to the ward during this period. 9 (= 3,9%) of these were sucessfully mechanically ventilated because of respiratory failure. A pCO2 level above 60 mm Hg was taken as an sign of respiratory insufficiency. By application of artificial ventilation mortality rate of acut bronchiolitis can further be decreased.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

[Transient diabetes mellitus in a dystrophic newborn infant].

We report a female small for date neonate, who developed transient diabetes mellitus (TDN) five days after birth and required insulin therapy for five weeks. At the onset of the disease, plasma insulin concentration was extremely low. At four weeks of age, after insulin withdrawal, the patient was still hyperglycemic, and basal insulin values assayed over a period of 24 h were mostly inadequate. Glucagon secretion was not suppressed. Growth hormone levels were lower than those of three small for date infants of the same age. At three months of age, the patient was still intolerant to an oral glucose load, insulin secretion remained inadequate while glucagon paradoxically increased 30 min after glucose challenge. The oral glucose tolerance values were in the normal range at six months of age. We conclude that TDN is caused by a transitory defect of insulin secretion, which would also explain the glucagon response as a consequence of insulin deficiency. We found no evidence associating the insulin antagonists observed in our study with the pathogenesis of this illness.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1977

[Severe infections in the newborn after direct kardiototography during delivery (author's transl)].

In a total of 720 CTG-controlled newborns two cases of severe septic general infections were observed; a full-term baby showed an extensive skin of the head phlegmone and meningitis purulenta, both conditions caused by Bacteria coli. A pre-term baby developed suppuration at the site of the CTG-wound and a pulmonary abscess under a general septic condition. The tracheal secretion culture of the patient contained Bacteria pyozyanea. In the case of the full-term child histologic evidence of a chorion infection was established. Both children recovered. Therefore, as we see it, the application of direct cardiotokography makes extensive antiseptic measures and thorough examination of the newborn for infectious complications imperative, a general antibiotic treatment, however, is not considered indicated.

Cellulitis↗
PubMed1977

Optimum temperature requirements for cutaneous oxygen measuremtns (cpO2); a comparative study of 44 and 43 degrees C.

Simultaneous measurements of cutaneous pO2 with oxygen skin sensors heated to 44 and 43 degrees C have been performed in 9 newborns in respiratory distress. 25 simultaneous measurements of paO2, cpO2 (44 degrees C) and cpO2 (43 degrees C) and 150 h of simultaneous recordings at these two different temperatures were compared. The agreement with arterial pO2 values was found to be superior at the higher sensor temperature. At 43 degrees C, the cpO2 is much lower than at 44 degrees C and lower than the arterial values. Although the risk of thermally induced lesions during prolonged use is higher at 44 degrees C, it is advisable to use this temperature for monitoring critically ill infants. Burns can be avoided by frequently changing the measuring site.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1977

[Transcutaneous measurements of pO2 (ptcO2) in sick newborn babies (author's transl)].

PaO2 as well as transcutaneous pO2 (ptcO2) was measured simultaneously for 132 times in 34 sick newborns. PtcO2 data were obtained by the KONTRON 5300 Monitor, its electrode heated to 44 centigrades. The correlation coefficient "r" was rated at 0.98. The introduction of the ptcO2 method into routine clinical usage markedly enhanced efficiency and safety of oxygen treatment of sick newborns. However superficial burning of the skin at the measuring site might occur if the electrode is attached more than 6 hours.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

[Transient hypoaldosteronism. A case report].

We observed a 2-week old boy who developed a typical salt-losing syndrome. Urinary 17-ketosteroid excretion of 2.4 mg per day lead us to the diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia and the usual treatment with hydrocortisone, DOCA and NcCl orally was started. The 6-months old child will tolerate a reduction and subsequent withdrawal of hydrocortisone. Mineralcorticoid and NaCl treatment, however, is to be continued. Further studies clearly showed that in the 8 and 9-month-old child cortisol production could very well be stimulated by synthetic ACTH, but the base line plasma aldosterone was exceedingly low and stimulation by ACTH and salt depletion was impossible. Instant cortisol as well as aldosterone stimulation occurs not until the child is 14 months old. There is valid evidence for a defect in aldosterone biosynthesis, which may be caused by 18-hydroxylation or 18-dehydrogenation deficiency.

Adrenocortical Hyperfunction↗
PubMed1976

[The mother and her sick newborn (author's transl)].

The care of the mother during the pre- and postnatal period is of great importance not only for the act of birth but also for the establishment of the mother child relationship. There are indications that the quality of mothering during later childhood is determined by the way the mother child relations are established during the first days of life. It is important to realise the needs of the mother to see and to touch her child and to enable her to do so as often as possible even if this child is under special care. In cases of neonatal illness the mother especially needs the psychological help of her doctor and the nurses. The professional persons can provide this help better if they are aware of the normal reactions of the mother to neonatal illness or even death of her child.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗