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Biomedical subjects

L G Miller

Publications and source records attributed to L G Miller.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Reversible alterations in immunoregulatory T cells in smoking. Analysis by monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry.

We characterized T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of smokers (N = 60) and nonsmokers (N = 35). Total T-lymphocytes and T cell subsets were similar to nonsmokers in light and moderate smokers. In heavy smokers, total OKT3+ cells were increased, the percentage of OKT4+ cells was decreased, and percentage and total number of OKT8+ cells were increased. The ratio of OKT4+ to OKT8+ lymphocytes was decreased in heavy smokers. The percentage of OKT8+ cells and the OKT4+/OKT8+ ratio returned to normal in heavy smokers six weeks after they stopped smoking. These findings suggest that cigarette smoking causes reversible alterations in immunoregulatory T cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Role of adrenergic mechanisms in the development of cerebrovascular disorders in acute myocardial ischemia].

Acute experiments were made on cats to study the general and local cerebral blood flow, the cerebrovascular tone and systemic hemodynamics during acute myocardial ischemia. Occlusion of the coronary artery resulted in the reduction of the blood flow in the carotid artery and brain cortex, decreased arterial pressure, and the cardiac output. Short-term vasodilatation was replaced by prolonged vasoconstriction which increased during myocardial ischemia. The blockade of beta-adrenoreceptors with propranolol reduced vasoconstriction. The blockade of alpha-adrenoreceptors removed or distorted vasoconstriction of the brain and hind limb vessels. The mechanisms by which brain circulatory disorders occur are discussed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Experimental Brucella suis type 4 infections in domestic and wild Alaskan carnivores.

Beagle dogs were readily infected by 1.3 x 10(8) colony forming units (cfu) of Brucella suis type 4 administered either on canned dog food, or intraperitoneally. Such infections were afebrile and otherwise asymptomatic and without any obvious gross lesions. Inoculation of 10(8) cfu B. suis type 4 intraperitoneally into two gravid wolves (Canis lupus) resulted in infections in both animals. About 24 days later they gave birth, apparently at full-term, to two (both alive) and six (two alive and four dead) pups, respectively. Pups born alive died within 24 hours. A black bear (Ursus americanus) infected with between 10(8) and 10(9) cfu yielded serologic and bacteriologic data similar to that derived from the observations on beagles and wolves. Two grizzly bears (Ursus arctos horribilis) were both infected by exposure to 1.3 x 10(9) csf B. suis type 4 placed on canned dog food. Antibody titres reached very high levels within the first two months of infection.

Alaska↗
PubMed1980

Experimental infections by Brucella suis type 4 in Alaskan rodents.

The susceptibility of nine species of rodents and one species of lagomorph to Brucella suis type 4 was studied experimentally. The rodent species included: guinea pig (Cavia porcellus), Scandinavian lemming (Lemmus lemmus), brown lemming (L. sibiricus), northern red-backed vole (Clethrionomys rutilis), varying lemmings (Dicrostonyx stevensoni and D. rubricatus), yellow-cheeked vole (Microtus xanthognathus), flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus) and ground squirrel (Citellus parryii). The lagomorph, Lepus americanus (varying hare), was also studied. All of these species were readily infected by intraperitoneal inoculations of brucellae. Pathologic responses were not marked in most of these species. However, both species of varying lemmings responded dramatically to infections initiated by about as few as two cfu. All individuals of both species that were not killed eventually died from the infection.

Alaska↗
PubMed1977

[Reactions of intra- and extracrenial vessels to noradrenaline in experimental cardiogenic shock].

Decrease in the constrictive reaction of the intra- and extracranial vessels to noradrenaline was observed in animals with cardiogenic shock; in acute experiments on anesthetized cats by resistography and rehoencephalography. Under these conditions the rise of the systemic arterial pressure under the influence of noradrenaline promoted passive dilatation of the cerebral vessels and an increase of their blood filling.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Observations on the distribution and ecology of Clostridium botulinum type E in Alaska.

Environmental samples collected along the coastline and from the interior of Alaska were examined for the presence of Clostridium botulinum. Clostridium botulinum type E was detected in soils from 5 of 12 beaches; in 7 of 115 non-coastal soil samples; in sediments from six of eight locales; in gills of salmon from two fishing areas; and in the feces of 1 of 44 colonic samples from marine mammals. The basic biochemical characteristics of the isolates were determined. Tube tests for demonstrating gelatin liquefaction proved insensitive with these strains, whereas a plate test detected gelatinase in all isolates. The presence of multiple nidi and the continual discharge of organic materials into the environment may contribute to the perpetuation of botulinum spores by which foods prepared form marine animals become contaminated. An emphasis should be placed upon the need for measures to reduce environmental contamination, to reduce contamination during food preparation, and to alert continually the population of the hazard wherever botulism is endemic.

Alaska↗