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Biomedical subjects

L Eidus

Publications and source records attributed to L Eidus.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Isoniazid overdose.

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Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed1978

Cross-Canada survey of susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates to six antimicrobial agents.

The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC's) of penicillin, ampicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin, spectinomycin and sulfadiazine were determined for 732 isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae collected in 1973-74. Comparison of the results of this survey with data from other Canadian studies showed that the percentage of isolates resistant to tetracycline had not changed since 1966, but that the percentage of erythromycin-resistant isolates had decreased. After an initial increase in 1966 the percentage of penicillin-resistant isolates stabilized. Spectinomycin-resistant isolates were not found. Positive correlations were observed between the MICs of the antibiotics tested; the highest positive correlations were between penicillin and ampicillin and between penicillin and tetracycline. A positive correlation was also noted between penicillin resistance and increasing spectinomycin MICs. Finally, a significant seasonal variation in MICs was found, the trend being towards increasing MICs during the summer.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1978

Antibiotic resistance among predominant Salmonella serovars and phagovars in Canada.

The antibiotic susceptibility of 2609 Salmonella isolates, collected during the period 1975-1976, was tested and the relationships between antibiotic-resistance pattern, source of isolation, and serovar and phagovar were determined. Of 95 serovars examined, 40 were sensitive to all of the antibiotics tested. Salmonella typhimurium was the major contributor to multiple resistance from both human and non-human sources. Multiply resistant strains were not found from animal feed sources and, in addition, S. typhimurium, one of the most predominant serovars, was found in every source but animal feeds. 90% of phagovar 10 was sensitive to all antibiotics tested whereas over 80% of phagovars 3-aerogenic, 92, and 123 were multiply resistant.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Simple amidase test for identification of mycobacteria.

A modified amidase test for differentiation of mycobacteria is described. A total of 224 atypical mycobacteria, 154 Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and 26 M. bovis strains were classified by this procedure. Of the 404 strains of various species studied, 400 exhibited an amidase spectrum identical to the established pattern. The simplicity of this method may promote its application in routine examinations.

Acetamides↗
PubMed1975

A new isoniazid preparation designed for moderately fast and "fast" metabolizers of the drug.

The bioavailability of a new isoniazid preparation consisting of 37% ordinary isoniazid (INH) and 63% matrix component was investigated in 11 slow, 8 moderately fast, and 9 "fast" acetylators of the drug. Initially, a 15 mg/kg dose of normal INH was administered to all the participants. In addition, the two groups of fast metabolizers received 30 and 45 mg INH-matrix/kg, respectively, with a one-week interval between the test doses. These high dosages of the INH-matrix could be given without encountering toxic reactions because of the delayed absorption of the matrix formulation. In moderately fast acetylators, with a triple dose of matrix isoniazid, it was possible to mimic the blood levels produced by 15 mg ordinary INH/kg in slow inactivators. However, in "fast" acetylators the blood concentrations achieved with the 45 mg/kg dose of INH-matrix were somewhat lower. This study also showed that a large input rate is essential to procure the required, high blood levels in fast metabolizers. The therapeutic implications of the results of this bioavailability trial are discussed.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1974

Therapeutic efficacy of rifampin in newly detected pulmonary tuberculosis.

A comparison was made of the therapeutic efficiency and tolerance of rifampin-based regimens and that of the standard triple-drug combination in the treatment of 92 newly diagnosed cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. The three drug regimens investigated were: A, rifampin-INH; B, rifampin-INH-streptomycin; and C, INH-PAS-streptomycin. Therapeutic progress was measured in terms of sputum conversion on culture and microscopy. The rifampin combinations produced a somewhat earlier sputum conversion. With regimens containing this potent antibiotic the phenomenon of microscopically-positive but culture-negative specimens was more frequently observed. The tolerance exhibited to the rifampin regimens was far greater than that to the conventional triple-drug combination. Nevertheless, periodic laboratory examinations are essential during rifampin therapy for safe utilization of the drug. An incidental finding of this study was the increase in primary resistance to streptomycin particularly among recent immigrants to Canada.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1974

Comparison of strip and Ziehl-Neelsen methods for staining acid-fast bacteria.

The efficiency of the Ziehl-Neelsen method for staining acid-fast bacteria was compared with that of the strip-staining procedure in which one kind of impregnated strip is used to stain the bacteria and another kind for simultaneous decolorization and counter-staining of the smear. The methods were evaluated in 1 136 duplicate smears prepared from digested sputum and 307 pairs of direct smears. The efficiency of the strip method was comparable to that of the Ziehl-Neelsen method with digested sputum; with direct smears, however, it generally depended on the quality of the smear. With thick, uneven smears, lower bacterial counts were obtained by strip staining. On the basis of this trial, the authors suggest improvement of the strip method.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1974

Screening of isoniazid inactivators by dilution test.

A modification of the screening test for the phenotyping of isoniazid inactivators is described. As this simple dilution technique does not require expensive equipment or even electricity, it can be used in poorly equipped laboratories.

Acetylation↗