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Biomedical subjects

L Eidus

Publications and source records attributed to L Eidus.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Thymidylate synthase expression in stage II and III colon cancer: a retrospective review.

This study is a retrospective analysis of thymidylate synthase (TS) levels in patients with stage II (T3 or T4) and III colon cancer. Two groups of patients were identified: one undergoing surgery alone (98 patients) and the second receiving adjuvant 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy (112 patients). TS analyses were carried out using the 106 monoclonal antibody and a published grading system dividing staining into high and low intensity. The distribution of patients with low versus high TS levels was similar in the two groups. There was no association between TS staining intensity and grade, stage or location of primary. Seventy-nine patients have relapsed: 46 (48%) in the surgery only group, 33 (30%) in the adjuvant therapy group (median follow-up: 51 and 61 months). Similar proportions relapsed when analyzed according to TS: in the surgery only group, 41% of patients with low TS, 48% with high TS; in the adjuvant group, 31% with low TS, 30% with high TS. In the surgery only group, a trend toward improved disease-free survival (DFS) was seen in the low TS group (84 versus 63% at 2 years, p = 0.08). No difference was seen in overall survival. There were no differences in DFS or overall survival in patients receiving adjuvant therapy according to TS intensity. The trend for worse outcome in patients with high TS is consistent with previous reports. The lack of difference in outcome for patients with low and high TS receiving chemotherapy suggests that high TS levels may predict greater benefit from adjuvant treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Ovarian histoplasmosis in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Histoplasma capsulatum is a pathogenic fungus endemic to North, Central, and South America. Histoplasmosis is primarily acquired by inhalation and in immunocompetent hosts infection is generally limited to the lungs. Histoplasmosis may disseminate systemically in hosts with defective cell-mediated immunity or massive inoculation. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder associated with multiple primary and drug-related immunological defects that predispose patients to infections. Disseminated histoplasmosis has only rarely been described in association with SLE. We describe a 32-year-old woman with SLE who had a 2-year history of irregular menses and a confirmed anovulatory state, secondary to ovarian histoplasmosis. The ovarian histoplasmosis was discovered incidentally at surgery for a persistent colo-cecal fistula, which had developed 6 months earlier and was originally associated with an Actinomyces and Fusobacterium pelvic abscess. The patient had no evidence of active pulmonary histoplasmosis and her disseminated histoplasmosis likely resulted from re-activation of latent disease. This is the first description of disseminated histoplasmosis presenting as ovarian dysfunction in a patient with SLE.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Soft tissue Rosai Dorfman disease mimicking inflammatory pseudotumor: a diagnostic pitfall.

Rosai Dorfman disease, or sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML), may be a difficult diagnosis to make, especially in extranodal sites. With soft tissue involvement the characteristic diagnostic features of large histiocytic cells with emperipolesis may be overshadowed by a fibroinflammatory component. In these cases it is easy to confuse this lesion with reactive nodules and benign and malignant neoplasms. We report a case in which soft tissue SHML was confused with an inflammatory pseudotumor. Only after review, when other extranodal sites became apparent, was the correct diagnosis made. Pitfalls in the diagnosis of soft tissue SHML are discussed.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1990

Perforation of the colon in a 15-year-old girl with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV.

A 15-year-old girl presented with severe fecal peritonitis due to a large spontaneous colonic perforation. The sigmoid colon was the site of a cluster of white serosal lesions with omental adhesions, of an appearance identical to that of the edges of the perforation. Her father had died at 30 years of age of spontaneous rupture of an iliac artery aneurysm, preceded by rupture of a splenic artery aneurysm and a spontaneous carotid-cavernous fistula. The clinical diagnosis of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV was made, and confirmed by demonstrating that the patient's cultured fibroblasts are not producing or secreting type III collagen. Spontaneous perforation of the colon is a well-described complication of this syndrome, with a high incidence of recurrence. We recommend total abdominal colectomy to minimize the latter possibility.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Successful treatment of renal allograft rejection in the presence of cytomegalovirus disease. A report of two cases.

We report 2 patients who developed cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection following renal transplantation. Both patients were treated with 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl) guanine (ganciclovir). In the presence of CMV disease, both patients also had progressive elevations of the serum creatinine, which were attributed to graft rejection. Antirejection therapy was administered, with OKT3 in one case and pulse methylprednisolone in the other. Renal function improved in both patients, and CMV disease abated. These cases unique because antirejection therapy was instituted in the presence of documented CMV disease, without adverse sequelae. We believe that the administration of ganciclovir lessened the severity of CMV infection, while allowing the rejection episodes to be aggressively treated.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Regeneration of vas deferens after vasectomy.

A total of 338 specimens obtained from 182 patients undergoing reversal of previous vasectomies have been studied. The major histologic features are sprouting of tubules and extravasation of sperm. Neo-tubules grow only from the proximal end of the divided vas and were seen in 136 specimens. Sperm were present in the neo-tubules in 61 specimens, but in the lumen of the proximal vas in 88 per cent of all patients. Extravasation of sperm had occurred from the neo-tubules in 64 specimens. In 57/154 patients operated on bilaterally at the same time, regeneration was unilateral. The conclusion from the analysis of factors responsible for this selectively proximal process is that sperm secretion was probably a major factor but was certainly not the only factor responsible.

Granuloma↗
PubMed1987

In vitro dielectric properties of human tissues at radiofrequencies.

In vitro permittivity measurements of excised human liver, spleen, kidney and cardiac muscle at frequencies from 10 kHz to 100 MHz are described. An end-of-the-line capacitive sensor and a computer-controlled network analyser HP 3577 were employed. The results were compared with human data reported by other investigators as well as with the animal (cat) data obtained earlier in this laboratory. It was found that the conductivity of most of the human tissues tested was significantly higher than that of the animal tissues for the test frequencies. The dielectric constants for human kidney and spleen are higher than the corresponding animal (cat) tissues at frequencies from 10 kHz to approximately 1 MHz and at around 100 MHz. However, the values for liver do not differ significantly between the two species in the same frequency range.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Fibrosing alveolitis, bronchiolitis obliterans, and sulfasalazine therapy.

A patient with ulcerative colitis had extensive upper zone pulmonary disease while taking sulfasalazine. Pulmonary function tests showed progressive restrictive and obstructive disease. Lung biopsy showed bronchiolitis obliterans and chronic interstitial pneumonia or fibrosing alveolitis with a mild eosinophilic infiltrate. The patient improved after receiving steroid therapy. A review of the literature of lung disease related to ulcerative colitis and sulfasalazine is presented.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Risk factors for isoniazid (NIH)-induced liver dysfunction.

We examined prospectively risk factors which might contribute to INH-induced liver damage in 113 patients taking preventive INH for at least 8 weeks. Twelve who had abnormal initial liver tests did not get worse with INH, while 19/101 with normal initial tests developed significant liver dysfunction, mostly hepatocellular, three having overt hepatitis. When 12 other patients who drank alcohol were excluded from analysis, there were still 15/89 with significant liver dysfunction, 12 of whom were slow acetylators (p less than 0.05). The only other risk factor was age. By combining acetylator phenotype with age, but excluding alcohol, we calculated the risk of INH-induced liver enzyme elevation as follows: under 35 years--fast acetylators, 3.7%, slow acetylators, 13%; over 35--fast acetylators, 13.2%, slow acetylators, 37% (p less than 0.02). Fast acetylation is thus not a risk factor for developing INH-induced liver dysfunction; indeed, the contrary seems to be the case.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1979

Differentiation of rapidly growing mycobacteria with trimethoprim (Tmp).

Inhibition of Mycobacterium smegmatis, M. vaccae, and M. diernhoferi by Trimethoprim (Tmp) in both liquid and solid media is described. Other mycobacteria were not inhibited by the same concentrations. The selective inhibition of the above strains, particularly M. smegmatis, by Tmp could be used for differentiation of these species from other fast-growing acid-fast bacteria.

Culture Media↗
PubMed1979

Isoniazid phenotyping of black as well as white patients.

The isoniazid phenotyping in black patients from Birmingham (Alabama) as well as from South Africa yielded a higher frequency of fast inactivation than that in the Canadian and U.S. white participants. Following an oral test dose of 10 mg isoniazid per kilogram, the incidence of fast acetylation was 58.7 and 60.3% in South African and Birmingham blacks, respectively. In the Canadian and Birmingham Caucasians the rate was 41.9 and 41.0%, respectively.

Black People↗
PubMed1979

Canadian survey to determine the rate of drug resistance to isoniazid, PAS and streptomycin in newly detected untreated tuberculosis patients and retreatment cases.

In 1975, a survey was carried out in Canada to determine the primary and acquired drug resistance of M. tuberculosis isolates to isoniazid (INH), para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) and streptomycin. The results of this investigation were compared with those of the primary drug resistant study of Armstrong, undertaken in 1963-64. It revealed that primary drug resistance has increased from 4.9% to 6.3%. The increase is mainly due to immigrants having arrived in this country during the last 12 years. In these newcomers the primary resistance rate was 11.5%. Moreover, 57.8% of the immigrants examined in the survey were of Asian origin, with a drug resistance rate of 11.7%, while 15.6% had arrived from South Europe with a resistant ratio of 16.7%. In retreatment cases, the national average of drug resistance was 26.4%. Among the Canadian provinces, the highest drug resistance rate in retreatment patients (40%) was found in Quebec. While in primary resistance Streptomycin exhibited the highest incidence, in retreatment cases isoniazid resistance proved to be more frequent. In natives, the rates and patterns of primary and acquired resistance were very similar to those observed in other Canadian born patients.

Aminosalicylic Acid↗
PubMed1979

Phenotyping of South African black tuberculosis patients for inactivation of isoniazid.

Studies of isoniazid inactivation rates in black tuberculosis patients from South Africa and Birmingham, Alabama, showed a higher frequency of fast inactivation than those of North American Caucasian patients. After an oral test dose of 10 mg/kg isoniazid the percentage of fast inactivators in black patients of South Africa and Alabama was close to 60% while in North American white participants (Canadian and Birmingham Caucasians), the frequency of fast inactivation was approximately 40%.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

Evaluation of various isoniazid slow releasing matrix preparations for intermittent chemotherapy of tuberculosis.

The blood level achieved with 15 mg/kg ordinary isoniazid (INH) was compared with that obtained with INH slow releasing Matrix preparation. Three brands of INH Matrix preparation were compared namely: the product of ICN Canada Ltd, utilized by Laboratory Centre for Disease Control, the preparation of Smith and Nephew, Britain employed by the Tuberculosis unit of the British Medical Research Council and Tebesium, the product of Hefa-Frenon Arzneimittel, Germany studied by the Tuberculosis Unit of South African Medical Research Council. The results of this study showed that pharmacogenetic principle have to be taken into account, it is not possible to produce INH slow releasing Matrix preparate equally applicable for slow and fast acetylators of INH.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of isoniazid phenotyping of black and white patients with emphasis on South African blacks.

Black tuberculosis patients from South Africa (S. A.) as well as from Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.A., showed a higher percentage of fast inactivators of isoniazid (INH) than that found in the North American white population, simultaneously sampled. In S. A. blacks, the frequency of fast inactivation was 57.9--59.6%, while in American blacks of Birmingham it amounted to 60.3%; in comparison to the above groups the rate of fast acetylators in Canadian Caucasians was 41.9% and in the USA white population 41.0%. For phenotyping of isoniazid inactivators a urine test was used. In this method the concentrations of INH (including isoniazidhydrazones) as well as acetylisoniazid were determined in the specimens collected 6--8 hrs following a test dose of 10 mg/kg INH.

Administration, Oral↗