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Biomedical subjects

L Durand

Publications and source records attributed to L Durand.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Research note: the S(al)-c mutation in the chicken is not linked to Rous-associated virus-2 related DNA sequences.

A male chicken heterozygous for a gene for sex-linked imperfect albinism (s(al)-c) was used to produce offspring in five dam families. The DNA from 23 offspring (22 females and 1 male) was cut with the restriction enzyme Sac1 and hybridized with a Rous-Associated Virus-2 probe to test for linkage between the gene and endogenous viral (ev) genes. In a second experiment, 15 albino and 15 nonalbino females resulting from 4 males mated to 11 females were studied with the enzymes Sac1 and BamHI. In the first experiment, 10 different ev genes were seen. These, plus seven additional bands were seen in the second experiment. The gene s(al)-c segregated independently of all ev genes, suggesting that it could be used for autosexing of chickens or in layer flocks without causing inherent problems previously associated with K, the gene for slow feathering, caused by essentially complete concordance between K and ev21.

Albinism↗
PubMed1992

[Band keratopathy. Symptomatological value based on 23 cases].

This study attempts to better define band keratopathy. A total of 23 eyes were reviewed, the largest sample ever published. The histopathology of this condition, characterized by lesions situated beneath the corneal epithelium, as well as its various clinical forms, are described. A distinction is drawn between band keratopathy and brown band keratopathy from an etiological and histological standpoint. The various available treatments are reviewed, emphasising lamellar keratoplasty as the safest and most effective technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[A severe epidemic of Streptococcus group G infection in hemodialysis: epidemiologic survey by molecular biology and preventive measures].

An outbreak of group G streptococci infection affected 6 patients of an hemodialysis unit. Group G streptococci were isolated from patients and from numerous atmospheric specimens, different parts of two dialysis machines, and two blankets, but from only one nurse on the hospital staff. Typing of group G streptococci by an improved method of DNA fingerprinting showed that the isolates from one patient, the nurse and the two blankets differed from one another. The group G streptococci were probably transmitted to patients by dialysis machines with defective microporous filters. No further case of group G streptococci infection was reported three years later since microporous guard filters were systematically doubled.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Correction of severe myopia by refractive lamellar keratoplasty without freezing].

The analysis of 56 successive procedures for correction of severe myopia enables us to determine the indications of the two surgical techniques we use: Myopic keratomileusis or Myopic Epikeratophakia. The results are very different. They are reliable and steady throughout one year for certain myopias, but more uncertain for more severe ones. This led us to distinguish two subgroups: the first includes the initial myopia equal to or less than -15 dioptres, the second includes the more severe myopia. Epikeratophakia, always implemented using fresh lenticules corrects more severe myopias than keratomileusis (from -15 to -30 dioptres). So, the indication for epikeratophakia depends on the initial ametropia, as well as on refractive parameters such as keratometry. With the same myopia, an anterior curvature radius over 8.2 mm will render a myopic keratomileusis less efficient then a myopic epikeratophakia. The results with one year follow up are more predictable and stable for the first subgroup. The second group and those cases corrected by epikeratophakia had less predictable results.

Corneal Transplantation↗
PubMed1991

[Radial keratotomy: analysis of undercorrected patients, based on 200 successive operations].

The authors present the results of a series of 200 radial keratotomies. there were two anatomical complications, neither of which caused any clinical damage. 83% of patients obtained 5/10 distant visual acuity or more without correction. The overcorrection rate was 1.5%. The incidence of induced astigmatism was 3.0%. The real failure of the method lay in an undercorrection rate of 13%. These cases are analysed here. Correction proved easier as patients were older: 0.64 diopters per decade. There was a 0.30 diopter gain in men over women. With corneal curvature of more than 43.5 diopters, the benefit was 0.15 diopters per diopter of keratotomy. Limbus to optical zone incisions provided 1.60 diopters as compared with optical zone to limbus incisions, while redeepening incisions provided only 0.27 diopters. Emphasis is placed upon practical matters, such as quality of measurement, instruments and the dexterity of the surgeon. We limit surgical indications to within the range of -1.50 diopters to -4.50 diopters of myopia. The undercorrection rate within this myopia range was 6.3%, increasing to 39.0% over the range.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Cornea farinata. Report of a case: clinical, histologic and ultrastructural study].

A woman-aged 44-had corneal dystrophy anterior to Descemet's membrane. This corneal abnormality resembles Cornea Farinata with tiny, punctate, grey opacities localized in the entire thickness of the corneal stroma. We used light and electron microscopic to study this case. The corneal opacities were due to abnormal stromal keratocyte enlarged by intra-cytoplasmic vacuole containing lipid-like inclusions.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Refractive surgery and the non-freeze BKS set. Reliability of our Lyon methods. Value of our results].

The authors analysed the results of 24 patients who underwent non-freeze refractive surgery with the BKS set. 22 myopic and 6 hypermetropic keratomileusis, and 6 epikeratoplasty are evaluated. The majority of patients had no astigmatism (or some irregular one) on corneoscopy. The final refraction may take up to 6 months to stabilize. The technique is difficult but may have application in the visual rehabilitation of these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Inlay corneo-conjunctival lamellar graft, preliminary step in surgical treatment of the sequelae of corneal burns].

Surgical rehabilitation of the eye following severe burns is difficult and frequently leads to failure. Penetrating keratoplasty gives functional improvement which is often of short duration because of recurrence of the epithelial defect or because of the gravity of the initial injury. A method which includes a first step before corneal transplantation is described: a lamellar corneo-conjunctival autotransplantation, from the uninjured fellow eye is performed in order to improve the epithelial condition of the injured eye prior to later penetrating keratoplasty. This lamellar graft was performed on 25 patients between 1984 and 1988. Analysis of the results demonstrates the efficacy of the method: no complications were noticed on the grafted or the uninjured eye; visual acuity was improved in 76% of cases; the following penetrating keratoplasty led to a good result (clear graft at one year) in 88% of cases; and in 16% of cases, functional improvement gained with this first surgical step was sufficient to avoid having to carry out the penetrating keratoplasty.

Adolescent↗