[Harris femur head surgery in the treatment of postdysplastic coxarthrosis].
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
L Costa
Publications and source records attributed to L Costa.
Results of a low-dose combination chemotherapy with vincristine, bleomycin and methotrexate (V-B-M) based on cell kinetics in the palliative treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
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Adult↗
Hemispheric superiority for recognizing faces depends upon how they are learned.
To investigate whether the type of information available influences encoding strategy, and subsequent hemispheric advantage, for face recognition, Experiment I presented photographs of faces for initial viewing centrally, under two conditions: verbal presentation of (a) molar personality or (b) physical feature information about each target face. The recognition task presented targets and distractors tachistoscopically to each visual field. Recognition accuracy scores displayed a highly significant pattern of contrasting hemispheric superiorities under the two informational conditions, but the direction of this contrast was not consistent for all subjects. The first part of Experiment II replicated the procedures of Experiment I, except that all verbal encoding information was omitted. Under these control conditions, the "crossover" pattern of hemispheric superiorities did not emerge, and subjects instead displayed consistent LH or RH superiorities. A second experimental session demonstrated the reliability and generality of the crossover phenomenon: When the same subjects were recalled and the original encoding manipulation applied to a new set of faces, the pattern of contrasting hemispheric superiorities again emerged. No aspect of subjects' performance in the control condition was found to predict the direction of crossover in the subsequent experimental session. We infer that intra-subject contrasts in hemispheric superiority reflect the use of alternative encoding or processing strategies under the two informational conditions, but the relation of such strategies to specific hemispheric advantages remains unclear. A general statement of the relation of cognitive processing, task demand characteristics, and observed hemispheric advantage is proposed.
Adolescent↗
Dichotic perception: evidence for right hemisphere dysfunction in affective psychosis.
The association between lateralized hemispheric dysfunction and psychiatric diagnosis was investigated with a measure of summation of dichotic clicks and with a dichotic competing message task. Ear asymmetries of affective psychotic patients were similar to those of right temporal lesioned controls and differed from those of schizophrenic patients and normal controls. In contrast, schizophrenic patients did not display abnormal auditory perceptual asymmetries.
Adult↗
Dimensions of the subjective marijuana experience.
A Drug History Questionnaire and a Marihuana Effects Questionnaire were completed by 91 male volunteers who were experienced marijuana smokers. A factor analysis was performed on the frequency of occurrence data for the Marihuana Effects Questionnaire. The resultant factors were similar to those reported previously in the literature supporting the existence of a stable, verbally definable marijuana experience. In comparison to the drug history variables of marijuana smokers in the late 1960s, our population showed increased multiple drug use, an earlier age of introduction to cannabis, and heavier use of cannabis. An analysis of the interaction of drug history variables with experienced marijuana effects suggested that the more frequently one uses cannabis, the less pronounced the experienced effects tend to be.
Adolescent↗
[Polycardiographic and echocardiographic findings in athletes with maximum zeal].
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Adolescent↗
Odor and marijuana intoxication.
Assigned 48 volunteer adult males to four groups: a marijuana high dose, a marijuana low dose, a placebo, and a coltsfoot group. Each S participated in two 80-minute sessions; one involved listening to music, socializing, and smoking the drug, and the second was identical to the first with the addition of two extra placebo cigarettes which contained finely cut amounts of human hair. The odor of burning hair was rated previously as quite aversive by non-intoxicated Ss. Contrary to expectation, Ss in the odor condition indicated on self-ratings that they became significantly more intoxicated after the smoking of the hair cigarette. The opposite effect was found with a pulse rate measure. An additional 24 Ss were divided into high and low dose marijuana groups and run in an odor session, in which they were informed prior to smoking of the hair content. Heart rate for these Ss decreased significantly more than for the comparable uninformed Ss, although self-ratings continued to reflect increased intoxication.
Adult↗
The discrimination of marijuana intoxication.
Forty Ss, 20 males and 20 females, observed a videotape that showed four males interacting in a social setting under four different drug conditions; coltsfoot, placebo, marijuana low dose, and marijuana high dose. The observers attempted to discriminate the level of intoxication of the four males in each condition. The observers accurately detected the level of intoxication in the high dose condition. While marijuana experienced users were more successful in detecting levels of intoxication, the sex of the observer was not significant. Behaviors used to discriminate intoxication and the implications of these results to defining intoxication are discussed.
Adolescent↗
Allosteric properties of the isoenzymes of pyruvate kinase from rat kidney cortex.
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Adenosine Triphosphate↗
Action of DCCD on the H+/O stoichiometry of mitoplast cytochrome c oxidase.
The mechanistic H+/O ejection stoichiometry of the cytochrome c oxidase reaction in rat liver mitoplasts is close to 4 at level flow when the reduced oxidase is pulsed with O2. Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD) up to 30 nmol/mg protein fails to influence the rate of electron flow through the mitoplast oxidase, but inhibits H+ ejection. The inhibition of H+ ejection appears to be biphasic; ejection of 2-3 H+ per O is completely inhibited by very low DCCD, whereas inhibition of the remaining H+ ejection requires very much higher concentrations of DCCD. This effect suggests the occurrence of two types of H+ pumps in the native cytochrome oxidase of mitoplasts.
Animals↗
A guide for applying principal-components analysis and confirmatory factor analysis to quantitative electroencephalogram data.
Principal-components analysis (PCA) has been used in quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG) research to statistically reduce the dimensionality of the original qEEG measures to a smaller set of theoretically meaningful component variables. However, PCAs involving qEEG have frequently been performed with small sample sizes, producing solutions that are highly unstable. Moreover, solutions have not been independently confirmed using an independent sample and the more rigorous confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) procedure. This paper was intended to illustrate, by way of example, the process of applying PCA and CFA to qEEG data. Explicit decision rules pertaining to the application of PCA and CFA to qEEG are discussed. In the first of two experiments, PCAs were performed on qEEG measures collected from 102 healthy individuals as they performed an auditory continuous performance task. Component solutions were then validated in an independent sample of 106 healthy individuals using the CFA procedure. The results of this experiment confirmed the validity of an oblique, seven component solution. Measures of internal consistency and test-retest reliability for the seven component solution were high. These results support the use of qEEG data as a stable and valid measure of neurophysiological functioning. As measures of these neurophysiological processes are easily derived, they may prove useful in discriminating between and among clinical (neurological) and control populations. Future research directions are highlighted.
Adolescent↗
Oxidation in orthopaedic UHMWPE sterilized by gamma-radiation and ethylene oxide.
Ten new polyethylene prosthetic components (PEs), ethylene oxide (EtO)- and gamma-sterilized, were studied by means of infrared (IR) analysis in order to evaluate oxidation. Using attenuate total reflection infrared spectroscopy the authors demonstrate that all samples show surface oxidation, formed during processing and shaping, related to mechano-degradation. By means of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy and derivatization techniques, the EtO-sterilized PEs present different behaviour in comparison to the gamma-radiated. The former show low levels of depth oxidation that could be related to the degradation which occurred during preparation of slices for IR analysis. The gamma-sterilized PEs show higher oxidation levels, variable from sample to sample, on the surface and in the bulk. The authors demonstrate that oxidation is described both by carbonyl species distribution and by hydroperoxide concentration. The hydroperoxides could be responsible for oxidative PEs ageing in in vivo service. The different oxidation levels and distribution could depend on the conditions of gamma-sterilization, in particular on the rate of the dose absorbed, not previously reported for ready-to-implant PEs. Chain scission of gamma-radiated UHMWPE, estimated by IR analysis, results in reduction of molecular weight and consequently in less abrasive resistance. The scheme of UHMWPE oxidation due to gamma-sterilization demonstrates the inhomogeneous distribution of reactive species in PEs responsible for the unpredictable performance in vivo.
Biocompatible Materials↗
[In vitro antimicrobial activity of cefpirome compared to other broad-spectrum beta-lactam drugs against 804 clinical isolates from 9 Brazilian hospitals].
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the in vitro activity of the fourth-generation cephalosporin cefpirome in comparison to that of ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime and imipenem in a multicenter study involving nine hospitals from six cities (four States). MATERIAL AND METHOD: A total of 804 isolates from patients hospitalized in either intensive care units or Oncology/Hematology units was evaluated. The isolates were collected between June and November of 1995, i.e. before cefpirome became commercially available in Brazil, and susceptibility tested by broth microdilution following the NCCLS procedures. All isolates resistant to cefpirome were retested by E-test. RESULTS: Against Enterobacteriaceae (n = 344), cefpirome demonstrated an activity 2 to 32-fold higher than that of the third-generation cephalosporins (TGCs) and similar to that of imipenem. The percentages of Enterobacteriaceae susceptible were: 88%, 69% and 96% for cefpirome, TGCs and imipenem, respectively. The cefpirome spectrum was greater or equal than that of imipenem against Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter aerogenes, Morganella morganii and Serratia marcescens. Against Acinetobacter sp. (n = 77), cefpirome was slightly more active than ceftazidime; however, the percentages of isolates resistant to these compounds were high (84% and 88%, respectively). The activities of cefpirome, ceftazidime and imipenem were very similar against P. aeruginosa isolates (n = 128), with MIC50(mg/ml)/percent susceptible of 8/59%, 8/62% and 4/62% respectively. Against aerobic gram-positive bacteria, the cefpirome activity was 4 to 16-fold higher than that of TGCs but 2 to 8-fold lower than that of imipenem. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that, in Brazil, cefpirome has a spectrum of activity which is higher than that of the TGCs against aerobic gram-negative (Enterobacteriaceae and non-Enterobacteriaceae) and gram-positive bacteria and similar to that of imipenem against some Enterobacteriaceae species and P. aeruginosa.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
[Fecal incontinence in pediatric age: diagnostic-therapeutic protocol and possible surgical procedures].
Fecal incontinence or soiling always endangers the personality development of a children. For very severe cases, the patient will be limited on his educational and professional training as well as on his sexal life. The outlook of severe cases, the chances of completing school, the choice of professional training and of sexual life in the future will be limited. A corrective procedure for anorectal incontinence depends on the exact investigation of all factors contributing to continence. The aim of this paper is to analyze the diagnostic aspects concerning continence in order to choose for each patient the most appropriate procedure for the treatment of all disturbance of stool control. A long term review of 312 patient with MAR, Myelomeningocele and severe stipsis with soiling was undertaken to determine the level of continence achieved. The choice between conservative measures and surgical procedures depends on clinical and manometric findings.
Adolescent↗
Treatment of posterior crossbite in mixed dentition with a removable appliance: reports of cases.
A posterior crossbite malocclusion is defined as an abnormal buccolingual relationship. One or more maxillary teeth improperly occludes with one or more mandibular teeth in centric relation. This alteration develops early and is seldom self-correcting. This study is a report of the benefits of treating posterior cross-bite malocclusions in mixed dentitions using removable appliances.
Bicuspid↗
[Wilms' tumor. Diagnosis and treatment].
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Adolescent↗
Surgical treatment of laryngeal carcinoma with subglottis involvement.
Primary cancers arising in the subglottic region are rare and are characterized by a long asymptomatic phase. More frequently the subglottis is reached by tumors arising in the glottis or even the supraglottis through invasion of the paraglottic space. Involvement of the subglottis is associated with a relatively high frequency of stomal recurrences due to a peculiar lymphatic spread to the paratracheal nodes. We analyzed a retrospective series of 68 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx extending to the subglottis region submitted to total simple laryngectomy or total laryngectomy enlarged with hemithyroidectomy and dissection of level VI nodes (HT/SPD). Overall median follow-up is 46 months. Subglottic extension was correctly diagnosed before operation in only 13/68 patients, however the resection margins, systematically determined by the pathologist, were in every case negative. Stomal relapses in laryngectomized patients without HT/SPD have been more frequent (0.55% rate per month) than in those treated with laryngectomy and HT/SPD (0.07% rate per month). It is concluded that CT should be routinely applied in preoperative staging in order to estimate the extension of the neoplasia and surgery should always include hemithyroidectomy and dissection of the homolateral paratracheal nodes when there is even minimal involvement of the subglottis. Moreover, the high incidence of second tumors in our series is noteworthy; such patients might benefit from chemopreventive therapy.
Adult↗