Deuteron as a soliton in the Skyrme model.
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Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
L Carson
Publications and source records attributed to L Carson.
Hemodialyzer reuse: practices in the United States and implication for infection control.
Reuse of hemodialyzers has continued to increase dramatically. In 1983, 52% of the hemodialysis centers were reusing hemodialyzers. Use of hollow fiber hemodialyzers has paralleled this increase in hemodialyzer reuse with 63% of the hemodialysis centers reporting exclusive use of this type of hemodialyzer in 1983. Although reuse of hemodialyzers has not been associated with increased incidence of hepatitis B infection or pyrogenic reactions, an outbreak of nontuberculous mycobacteria in 27 chronic hemodialysis patients was probably associated with water used to reprocess dialyzers. Nontuberculous mycobacteria were isolated from the water in 83% of 115 hemodialysis centers surveyed across the United States and could constitute a potential infection risk because of the organisms' greater germicide resistance than most other naturally occurring water bacteria. Two percent formaldehyde is not an effective germicide for high level disinfection of hemodialyzers. Reprocessed hemodialyzers should be disinfected with 4% formaldehyde or an equivalent disinfectant.
Hepatitis B↗
The transverse cervical neurovascular free flap.
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Adult↗
Saturated phosphatidylcholine in amniotic fluid and prediction of the respiratory-distress syndrome.
The lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio in amniotic fluid is widely used to predict the risk of respiratory-distress syndrome. However, the results are unreliable if the specimen is contaminated or obtained during a complicated pregnancy. We therefore compared the predictive value of the L/S ratio with that of the concentration of saturated phosphatidylcholine (SPC) in 322 amniotic-fluid samples, 75 per cent of which were contaminated or obtained during complicated pregnancies or both. A positive result is one that predicted the development of respiratory-distress syndrome, taken as an L/S ratio equal to or less than 2/1 or an SPC below 500 mug per deciliter. The respiratory-distress syndrome was correctly predicted in 25 of 45 cases (55.5 per cent) with L/S ratios equal to or less than 2/1, and in 35 of 42 cases (82 per cent) with SPC's less than 500 mug per deciliter. When L/S ratios were greater than 2/1, there were 13 of 277 (4.7 per cent) false negatives, and when SPC's were above 500 mug per deciliter, there were three of 280 (1.1 per cent) false negatives. We conclude that determination of SPC is both more specific and more sensitive as a predictor of the respiratory-distress syndrome than the techniques currently in use.
Acetone↗
Percutaneous colostomy for treatment of mechanical bowel obstruction: factors affecting feasibility.
PURPOSE: To assess the feasibility of large-bore tube colostomy in the presence of bowel obstruction in a pig model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Porcine spiral colon was isolated, obstructed, pressurized to 18 mm Hg, punctured with 24-F radial dilators or balloon-sheath combinations in randomized sequences, and assessed for leakage. In another experimental set, T tacks were used. The effects of various drainage configurations and systems (open vs closed) on drainage and leakage were assessed during continued gut perfusion. RESULTS: Pressurized colon leaked 0-19.8 mL during radial dilation, 0-210 mL during balloon-sheath dilation, and 7.4-29.8 mL/min at T-tack sites. Leakage increased with minor motion. Leak-free drainage during perfusion could be obtained only with open systems or with closed systems that were inserted at least 10 cm proximal to the obstruction. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous colostomy should only be attempted in very select cases with extreme attention to detail.
Animals↗
Nursing skills fair: gaining knowledge with fun and games.
The body of nursing knowledge continues to expand and the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) mandates managers and educators to maintain competence in their nursing staff members. Stricter reimbursement criteria for hospital care, however, severely restrict education budgets. Educational programs can be offered at a reasonable cost without putting the adult learner to sleep! The development and implementation of a successful nursing skills fair is discussed.
Clinical Competence↗
Marker rhythmometry with macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF).
In a patient with a debulked müllerian adenocarcinoma involving the ovary, an elevated serum concentration of macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) (5.3 ng/ml) was lowered into the range of the age- and gender-matched controls by a 24-hour infusion of 135 mg/m2 of taxol, as was a Ca125 of 1480 U/ml by three such taxol courses given at 3-week intervals (to 14 U/ml). A downward trend of M-CSF in serum with an about-14-hour ultradian modulation during the first chemotherapy course resembles that of the concomitantly assessed Ca125. A decreasing trend modulated by an about-half-weekly component is found in M-CSF of fractionated urines collected at spontaneous voidings around the clock for 5 days. M-CSF may serve as a chronobiologic marker for optimizing, on an individualized basis, 1) the infradian scheduling of chemotherapy courses and 2) the ultradian-circadian within-course time patterns. Timing based on markers of the anticancer effect aims at teh as-yet unattained transfer from rodent to human of cancer cures that were not previously feasible without chronobiologic considerations. This goal can be pursued with M-CSF as well as Ca125 and UGP as possibly complementary chronobiologic markers in a chronotherapy trial with taxol in humans.
Aged↗
Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Cytologic features.
A case of primary cervical adenoid cystic carcinoma in a 75-year-old woman is reported. Two cervical smears taken at the time of initial presentation for vaginal spotting were negative; a third smear, taken a year later prior to laparotomy, was diagnosed as positive. The cytologic findings in the positive cervical smear are described and illustrated. The differential diagnosis of the cytologic findings is discussed, and the literature on this lesion is briefly reviewed. The results in this case and others suggest that the diagnosis of cervical adenoid cystic carcinoma in an asymptomatic patient may be missed by routine smear examination.
Aged↗