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Biomedical subjects

L Carson

Publications and source records attributed to L Carson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Transvaginal color flow Doppler sonography in the assessment of gestational trophoblastic disease.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the blood flow characteristics of the uterine artery and intratumoral vessels in patients with GTD. Twelve patients with GTD were evaluated with TVS, and 11 also had CFD sonography performed. Spectral analysis of both uterine artery and samples intratumoral and intramyometrial vessels revealed systolic frequencies and PI that were significantly higher in the uterine artery than in sampled intratumoral vessels (P < 0.05). Uterine artery PI correlated significantly with age (P = 0.043), uterine size (P = 0.003), and beta-HCG titer (P = 0.03). Intratumoral PI correlated significantly with uterine size (P = 0.05). Intratumoral PI did not correlate with patient age, the shape or orientation of the uterus, presence or absence of subendometrial halo, endometrial thickness or echogenicity, or impression of myometrial invasion. Regression analysis of beta-HCG titers on uterine artery and intratumoral PI revealed a linear association. TVS and color flow Doppler sonography are useful in the assessment of patients with GTD. The PI is strongly associated with prognosis and correlates with beta-HCG titers.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Borderline and invasive epithelial ovarian tumors in young women.

OBJECTIVE: To review the occurrence, morbidity, and mortality of borderline and invasive epithelial ovarian tumors in young women. METHODS: We conducted a 15-year retrospective review of the case records of the Women's Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, and the JL McKelvey Tumor Registry. RESULTS: We identified 67 patients under age 40 with borderline or invasive epithelial ovarian tumors. Fifty patients (75%) had borderline tumors and 17 (25%) had invasive tumors. The mean age at presentation was 31 years (range 14-39) for the borderline group and 34 years (range 23-39) for the invasive group. Pelvic pain and a palpable mass, present for less than 6 months, were the predominant presenting symptom and sign. There was no difference in the age at menarche between the patients with borderline (mean 12 years) and invasive tumors (mean 13 years). Fifty-seven patients were optimally cytoreduced to less than 2.0 cm after primary surgery. Thirty-five patients underwent second-look laparotomy, 15 of which were positive for tumor. A minority of patients in both groups had stage I tumors (17 in the borderline and one in the invasive group). Among patients with borderline tumors, there was no difference between "very young" and "young" patients in the stage at presentation or outcome. Similar proportions of patients presented with early- and late-stage disease. Three very young women (14%) and five young women (17%) have died. Among patients with invasive tumors, no difference existed between young and very young patients for stage at presentation, whereas grade and outcome differed significantly between the age groups (P < .05). Very young patients were more likely to present with grade 1 lesions, whereas patients aged 30-40 years were more likely to have grade 2 or 3 tumors (P < .05). Three (100%) of the very young patients have died, whereas seven (50%) of the young patients aged 30-40 years have died. The median survival of patients with borderline tumors was 36 months (range 2.0-150.5), significantly different from those with invasive tumors, whose median survival was 21 months (range 2.9-89.7) (P < .001). CONCLUSION: Borderline and invasive epithelial ovarian tumors are encountered in young women. Despite the implication of the term "borderline," such tumors are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Development of two new monoclonal antibodies reactive to a surface antigen present on human ovarian epithelial cancer cells.

Monoclonal antibodies which bind selectively to cancer cells are currently used for tumor localization and for targeting cytotoxic reagents. The success of these approaches depends on the specificity of the antibody and its reactivity to a majority of the tumor samples. Frequently, monoclonal antibodies are generated by immunizing mice with antigenic preparations from a single tumor cell line. Antibodies generated under these conditions often react to a narrow range of tumors. In the present study, mice were immunized with multiple ovarian cancer cell lines in a sequential manner to amplify the immune response against common antigenic determinants expressed in these cell lines. Spleen cells from the immunized mice were then fused with NS-1 myeloma cells to establish hybridomas. Two cell lines were selected on the basis of their selective reactivity to ovarian cancer cells after extensive screening. Monoclonal antibodies OVX1 and OVX2 bound to all 5 ovarian carcinoma cell lines tested and did not bind to normal fibroblast cells. These antibodies recognized a unique antigenic determinant present in ovarian and breast cancer cells. Cross-blocking studies showed that the binding of OVX1 and OVX2 is not displaceable by 10 other previously described anti-ovarian antibodies including OC125. In immunocytochemical studies, OVX1 reacted to a majority of ovarian cancer tissues (17 of 20) and did not bind to normal ovarian tissues. Preliminary results indicate that OVX1 and OVX2 antibodies are directed to a high molecular weight antigen. These antibodies could be used in the preparation of cytotoxic conjugates.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Comparison of microbiologic assay methods for hemodialysis fluids.

To help prevent pyrogenic reactions and bacteremia in hemodialysis patients, the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation and the Centers for Disease Control recommend microbiologic assay of hemodialysis fluids at least monthly. Five commercially available assay systems were evaluated by using the membrane filtration technique with standard methods agar and trypticase soy agar as the standards for comparison. Each assay system was challenged with dialysate and reverse-osmosis water from local dialysis centers, aqueous suspensions of eight laboratory strains of gram-negative bacilli and nontuberculous mycobacteria, and a mixed microbial flora inoculated into reverse-osmosis water and laboratory-prepared dialysate. Mean viable counts from triplicate samples were obtained after incubation at 37 degrees C for up to 72 h. The efficiency of recovery varied with the specific type of microbial challenge. The SPC water sampler (Millipore Corp., Bedford, Mass.) was the most consistent in obtaining the highest viable counts. Other commercial systems were comparable to each other in overall performance. All assay systems tested provided an acceptable balance between microbial recovery and required sampling time, equipment, and expertise.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1990

Mechanism of potentiation of antithrombin III and heparin cofactor II inhibition by sulfated xylans.

Kinetic analyses of antithrombin III (AT-III)-thrombin or heparin cofactor II (HC-II)-thrombin or AT-III-factor Xa interactions were carried out in the absence or in the presence of one of the sulfated xylans or unfractionated heparin or low molecular weight (LMW) heparin utilizing chromogenic substrates. These studies demonstrated that under pseudo first order conditions the inhibitions were proportional to the AT-III or HC-II concentrations used and the apparent second order rate constants determined from the slopes of the pseudo first order plots of log of thrombin or Xa remaining as a function of time were significantly elevated in presence of the sulfated compounds. On a molar basis oat spelts xylan sulfate was the most effective compound in accelerating the rate of thrombin-AT-III interaction followed by commercial heparin while the latter was most effective in accelerating the rate of thrombin-HC-II interaction. Heparin and LMW heparin were more effective in that order in accelerating the rate of Xa-AT-III interaction while oat spelts xylan sulfate, corn cob xylan sulfate, SP-54 were less effective than the heparins in that order. Studies were also conducted on the concentrations of the sulfated compounds required to inhibit by 50% the thrombin activity by AT-III or HC-II or that required to inhibit by 50% the factor Xa activity by AT-III. The results showed an inverse relationship between the increase in the rate of acceleration by the sulfated compound with the decrease in the amount required for 50% inhibition. SDS-polyacrylamide gel study of the reaction mixture containing thrombin, AT-III or HC-II along with heparin or oat spelts xylan sulfate showed that like heparin, oat spelts xylan sulfate potentiated the formation of thrombin-AT-III or thrombin-HC-II complexes which were stable in presence of denaturing or reducing agents. Chemical modification of arginine or lysine of AT-III significantly lowered its potentiation of thrombin or Xa inhibition by oat spelts xylan sulfate.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Association of human immunodeficiency virus-induced immunosuppression with human papillomavirus infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

Human papillomavirus infection plays an important causal role in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma. The rate of infection with human papillomavirus as well as the incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma are increased in immunosuppressed patients. We report a possible association between infection with human immunodeficiency virus and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia with human papillomavirus infection.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗