48-hour ambulatory electrocardiography in dynamite workers and controls.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
L Bodin
Publications and source records attributed to L Bodin.
Anti-PMSG antibody levels in sheep subjected annually to oestrus synchronisation.
Estimation of the long-term consequences on reproduction performance of the oestrus synchronisation treatments that are annually applied to ewes was carried out on nine officially controlled dairy flocks in the Roquefort region of France. A hormonal treatment combining the insertion of a vaginal fluoro-gestone acetate (FGA) sponge for 14 days and the injection of about 500 IU of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) at withdrawal was applied to the ewes in seven of the nine flocks. The ewes in the two other flocks were used as controls. Blood samples were taken from each female just before the treatment (to test for the presence of residual antibodies) and 20 days after the PMSG injection. Anti-PMSG antibody binding rates were calculated for each blood sample. The residual binding rate increased with age and induce negative effects on the following years reproduction performances, i.e., they increased the probability that the ewes would not become pregnant.
Analysis of Variance↗
Four years of induction/synchronization of estrus in dairy goats: effect on the evolution of eCG binding rate in relation with the parameters of reproduction.
Ninety-eight Alpine goats of two herds were followed over 4 years in a program of annual artificial insemination after estrus induction/synchronization, including progestagen administration (vaginal sponge) followed by prostaglandin analog and equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) 48 h before sponge removal. Goats were sampled every 4 hours from the 16th to the 56th following sponge removal, for determination of LH surge and tested for estrus by the presence of a buck. Seven days after AI, endoscopic examination of the ovaries was performed to determine the number of corpus lutea. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed at day 21-22 post AI by determination of plasma progesterone and at day 40-45 by ultrasonography. Parturition, number and sex of kids were recorded. All the goats were sampled before and after each treatment, for anti-eCG antibodies screening. Statistical analysis of the results clearly established a significant effect of the treatments on anti-eCG antibodies. Time of estrus and LH surge were significantly different between herd. The antibodies significantly delayed the time of coming out of estrus as well as the time of LH surge. Two antagonistic effects were evidenced: first, the delayed of time of estrus and time of LH surge in relation with the immune reaction to eCG; secondly, the ahead of time of estrus and time of LH surge during the years of treatment, identical to both herd. The antibodies negatively influenced the percentage of ovulating females as well as kidding rate. Finally, no effect of antibodies on prolificacy was found.
Animals↗
Decreasing incidences of gonorrhea- and chlamydia-associated acute pelvic inflammatory disease. A 25-year study from an urban area of central Sweden.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) affects women in their reproductive years and is often a complication of a sexually transmitted disease (STD), particularly Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis. Infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic lower abdominal pain are common long-term sequelae to acute PID. Through different preventive measures, endemic N. gonorrhoeae is almost eliminated, and C. trachomatis has been reduced almost fourfold in Sweden. GOALS: To investigate variations in STD-associated acute PID and the extent to which this influenced the yearly incidences of patients hospitalized for this complication during a 25-year-period. STUDY DESIGN: Hospital records of 2499 patients admitted and treated for acute PID from January 1, 1970 to December 31, 1994 were analyzed for infection with N. gonorrhoeae. Routine laboratory diagnosis for C. trachomatis infection started June 1, 1980. Detailed statistical analysis for chlamydial-associated PID in this study, therefore, covers the period January 1, 1981 to December 31, 1994 and includes 1030 patients. RESULTS: Gonorrhea occurred in 42% of patients with acute PID in 1970 and decreased continuously to zero in 1988 and beyond. Concomitant urogenital chlamydial infection reduced almost fourfold from 28.4% in 1985 to 7.7% in 1994. Yearly admissions for acute PID fluctuated slightly (< or = 16%) in the early 1970s and early 1980s but increased greatly (> 60%) in the middle and late 1970s; the highest was 180 per year in 1976. This coincided with high incidence rates of gonorrhea in the general population, and probably of genital C. trachomatis infection as well, coupled with an increased use of intrauterine contraceptive device in nulliparous women. The largest increase in admissions for acute PID was in the 15- to 29-year-old group. A steady decrease started in 1987 and reached the low figure of 26 admissions in 1994. The greatest decrease occurred in the 15- to 19-year-old group, from the relative age distribution of 28.9% in the period 1970 to 1974 to 12.9% in 1990 to 1994. Yearly admissions for the > or = 35-year-old group remained almost constant during the study period, but the relative age distribution shifted from second lowest (excluding those 14 years or younger, totaling 15 admissions for the entire study period), 9.1% at the beginning of the study period, to the second largest, 24.9% at the end of it. The study also showed that the total and relative rates of recurrence decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Measures aimed at reducing incidences of gonorrhea and genital chlamydial infection will reduce the incidences of one of the most serious complications of these STDs, acute PID, and, in turn, its long-term sequelae.
Acute Disease↗
Genetic components of litter size variability in sheep.
Classical selection for increasing prolificacy in sheep leads to a concomitant increase in its variability, even though the objective of the breeder is to maximise the frequency of an intermediate litter size rather than the frequency of high litter sizes. For instance, in the Lacaune sheep breed raised in semi-intensive conditions, ewes lambing twins represent the economic optimum. Data for this breed, obtained from the national recording scheme, were analysed. Variance components were estimated in an infinitesimal model involving genes controlling the mean level as well as its environmental variability. Large heritability was found for the mean prolificacy, but a high potential for increasing the percentage of twins at lambing while reducing the environmental variability of prolificacy is also suspected. Quantification of the response to such a canalising selection was achieved.
Animals↗
Nasal hyperreactivity among teachers in a school with a long history of moisture problems.
Upper airway symptoms have frequently been reported in people working or residing in damp buildings. However, little information has been available on objective pathophysiologic findings in relation to these environments. Twenty-eight teachers, who had worked for at least five years in a recently renovated school that had had severe moisture problems for years, were randomly selected for this study. Eighteen teachers, who had worked in another school that had no moisture problems, were randomly selected to serve as the control group. Although remedial measures had been taken, an increase in the prevalence of mucous membrane irritations was still reported by the teachers in the target school. We used a nasal challenge test with three concentrations of histamine (1, 2 and 4 mg/mL). Recordings of swelling of the nasal mucosa were made with rhinostereometry, a very accurate optical non-invasive method. The growth curves of mucosal swelling induced by the three concentrations of histamine differed significantly between the two groups (p < 0.01). The frequencies of atopy, evaluated with the skin-prick test, were almost identical in both groups. The study indicates that long-term exposure to indoor environments with moisture problems may contribute to mucosal hyperreactivity, of the upper airways. Such hyperreactivity also seems to persist for at least one year after remedial measures have been taken.
Air Pollution, Indoor↗
Nasal histamine provocation of tenants in a sick-building residential area.
Health problems associated with the indoor climate have aroused an increasing scientific interest, and the term "sick-building syndrome" (SBS), which describes the most frequent symptoms in this context, has been coined. However, it has been difficult to demonstrate objectively any pathophysiological changes in the subjects affected. Thirty-three healthy and nonatopic persons were randomly selected on the basis of answers in a postal questionnaire dealing with discomfort or health symptoms experienced in their home environment. Twenty-three lived in a residential area with indoor climate problems (SBS area) and 10 lived in an area without climate problems (non-SBS area). Twelve persons from the SBS area reported nasal symptoms, which they ascribed to their home environment. The remaining 11 persons from the same area, as well as the 10 subjects from the non-SBS area, had no nasal distress. They were examined with rhinostereometry during histamine provocation. Hyperreactivity, defined as mucosal swelling exceeding 0.4 mm at 5 and 10 minutes after provocation with 0.14 ml of 2 mg/ml histamine chloride, was frequent in the symptomatic SBS group as well as in the asymptomatic SBS group. The analysis of the increment of mucosal swelling for the whole range of histamine chloride concentrations (0.1 mg/ml to 16 mg/ml) showed significantly different growth curves for the three groups in the residential areas and an external reference group, (p < 0.0001). Subjects living in the SBS area were prone to nasal hyperreactivity, whether they reported symptoms from the upper airways or not. The results support the hypothesis that living in an SBS area increases the risk of developing nonspecific nasal hyperreactivity.
Adult↗
[Percutaneous cholecystostomy in so-called post-stress acute cholecystitis].
During the last 8 years 51 cases of acute post-traumatic or post-operative cholecystitis were observed in our intensive care unit. Twelve patients benefited from ultrasonically guided percutaneous cholecystostomy under television control. Diagnosis was made by ultrasonic examination and was based on the finding of an enlarged and tender gallbladder with an abnormally thick wall, sometimes with a double wall, and on the presence of sludge. Immediate cholangiography revealed spontaneous perforation in 4 patients who were operated upon at once. The other patients were treated by percutaneous cholecystostomy only with apparent success. The frequency, physiopathology, diagnosis and treatment of acute post-aggressive cholecystitis are discussed, with special reference to this new therapeutic approach.
Acute Disease↗