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Biomedical subjects

L Beck

Publications and source records attributed to L Beck.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[AIDS and females--a multicenter study].

Case studies and epidemic surveys clearly show that HIV can be transmitted from males to females, from females to children in utero, and from females to males, as well as from males to males. Studies of heterosexual transmission prove that the extent of transmission varies: female partners of HIV-infected men have the highest incidence; transmission from infected women to their children is approximately 25%-50%. The unsolved questions in gynecology and obstetrics are presented and examined on the basis of a multicenter study of the experience with AIDS and in consultation with HIV-infected patients, so that a better understanding of AIDS might lead to improved treatment and counselling.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

The IgE and IgG subclass responses of mice to four helminth parasites.

To investigate whether the formation of IgE is linked in vivo to an IgG subclass, mice were infected with four helminth parasites, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (Nbr), Mesocestoides corti, Taenia crassiceps and Trichinella spiralis, and the changes in the serum levels of the different Ig isotypes as well as the antibody response to M. corti and T. crassiceps antigen extracts were determined by radioimmunoassays. All four parasites induced a concomitant increase of the IgE and IgG1 serum levels and usually a decrease of the IgG2a level. They also induced an increase of the IgM level but had little effect on the IgG2b, IgG3, and IgA serum levels. The specific antibodies to an M. corti antigen extract were mainly of the IgG1 subclass, whereas it was of both IgG1 and IgG2a subclasses to T. crassiceps. Injections of dead M. corti induced an increase of all IgG subclasses and similar levels of IgG1 and IgG2a anti-parasite antibodies. Subcutaneous instead of intraperitoneal infection with T. crassiceps induced higher IgG2a than IgG1 levels and 10-fold lower IgE levels than the natural ip infection; however, despite the greater IgG2a polyclonal response, anti-parasite antibodies were predominantly of the IgG1 subclass. The data demonstrate that natural infection with four different helminth parasites induces a concomitant polyclonal IgG1 and IgE response. These in vivo observations corroborate the recent in vitro findings demonstrating that interleukin-4 induces lipopolysaccharide-activated murine B cells to secrete both IgG1 and IgE, suggesting that the regulation of these two isotypes is linked.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Merkel cell tumor.

A case of a rapidly growing Merkel cell tumor occurring on the lower extremity in an 83-year-old woman is reported. A brief review of the clinical characteristics of this tumor as well as its immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features are presented.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

Breast cancer detection: age-related significance of findings on physical exam and mammography.

Data of 909 consecutive patients who underwent physical exam (PE), mammography (MG), and breast biopsy were analyzed in a retrospective study. Preoperative findings of PE and MG were classified as (1) suspicious for malignancy, (2) probably benign lesion, (3) normal and correlated with histology of the biopsy and the patient's age. Sensitivity of PE remained on a 0.9 level approximately up to age 50 and dropped to 0.78 and 0.85 respectively thereafter. Sensitivity of MG was slightly lower and was 0 in the age group 30 years and younger. Specificity of PE rose from 0.52 to 0.84 and dropped to 0.55 in women above 70 years. Specificity of MG decreased from 0.9 to 0.4 over the age groups. The relatively low positive predictive value of both PE and MG--particularly in the lower age groups--leads to an excessive rate of benign biopsies up to the age of 60. Due to suboptimal sensitivity PE and MG have to be used as a combined diagnostic modality if a reduction of breast cancer mortality is to be accomplished. Screening programs are of particular efficacy in women over 45 years of age due to age-dependent incidence figures and diagnostic sensitivity of PE and MG in this age group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Human papilloma virus findings in the perimeter of vulvo-vaginal malignancies.

During recent years demonstration of human papilloma virus (HPV) in cancers of the lower female genital tract has led to the assumption, that these viruses may be associated with the pathogenesis of these tumors. This theory is particularly important for patients with intraepithelial lesions of the cervix, vagina and vulva, vulvar dystrophies and condylomata acuminata of the vulva and vagina, which are seen in the dysplasia clinic of our hospital. Using the in situ hybridization technique HPV 6/11 was detected in 13.7% and HPV 16/18 in 21.9% among the patients with mild or moderate dysplasia of the cervix. 15% of women in an age-matched control group proved to harbour HPV 6/11 and/or 16/18. In 127 female prostitutes, generally regarded as a high risk group for developing cervical cancer we found in approximately 8% positive HPV-results only. Patients with intraepithelial neoplasias of the cervix or the vulva frequently showed positive virus results in the corresponding organ. There was no significant difference in virus findings among patients with VIN and Bowenoid papulosis of the vulva. 59% of the male partner of 45 patients with positive HPV results from the vagina showed penile lesions in "colposcopy" after exposure to 3% acetic acid. Under the current conditions we regard the proven presence of HPV as an indicator of an increased risk of developing neoplasias of the lower female genital tract.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1987

Cardiovascular responses to face immersion (the diving reflex) in human beings after alcohol consumption.

The diving reflex is a complex cardiovascular-respiratory response to immersion. This multireflex response in animals consists of apnea; bradycardia (the experimental parameter most often measured); peripheral vasoconstriction (resulting in preferential perfusion of the brain and heart); decreased cardiac output (with a maintained or increased stroke volume); and an increase in mean arterial blood pressure. These cardiovascular alterations act in a manner that conserves oxygen for the heart and brain. Because alcohol is often involved in water accidents with associated submersions, these initial experiments dealt with human volunteers who consumed alcohol to a blood level of 0.1 g% (legal level of intoxication). The diving reflex was elicited before and after alcohol consumption. Heart rate, blood pressure, and cardiac output were measured before, during, and after face immersion in 4 C water. In the sober state, immersion decreased heart rate, increased stroke volume, increased blood pressure, and increased total peripheral resistance. In comparison to the sober state, alcohol consumption increased pre-immersion heart rate, but did not significantly alter pre-immersion blood pressure or stroke volume. Following alcohol consumption, facial immersion decreased heart rate, but not to the same low rate as in the sober state. Alcohol consumption also evoked a lesser increase in blood pressure and failed to increase stroke volume significantly.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Ophthalmic manifestations of neurofibromatosis.

The eyes of 64 patients known to have neurofibromatosis were examined. Lisch nodules were the commonest manifestation of the disease and were present in 95% of all patients (100% of those aged 16 years or older).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Area health boards.

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Hospital Administration↗