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Biomedical subjects

L Ballerini

Publications and source records attributed to L Ballerini.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Monitoring cardiac rhythm after the Mustard intervention for transposition of the great arteries].

Before Mustard's operation 27 children, from 2 days to 11 months old, with simple or complex transposition of the great vessels, underwent an electrocardiogram at rest. After operation, all the children underwent a standard electrocardiogram and 24 hours continuous Holter monitoring. Successive electrocardiograms at rest were recorded in all patients, and eleven children were successfully examined by dynamic electrocardiogram. The electrocardiogram at rest showed a sinusal rhythm in 66.7 of the patients; during the follow-up, in 33.3% non sinusal rhythm was recorded. The continuous 24 hours dynamic electrocardiogram, immediately after surgery, revealed 25.9% of the patients with non-sinusal rhythm. After 7 months, the Holter monitoring showed, in one case, a severe sinus node disfunction. Our data and those of the literature confirm the importance to follow these patients during a long period of time, because it was found that, even bedately, can develop serious arrhythmias.

Electrocardiography↗
PubMed1985

Complete transposition of the great arteries: visualization of left and right outflow tract obstruction by oblique subcostal two-dimensional echocardiography.

Subcostal oblique 2-dimensional echocardiography was performed in 64 infants younger than 2 years with complete transposition of the great arteries (TGA) (situs solitus, concordant atrioventricular and discordant ventriculoarterial connections). All patients examined before cardiac catheterization had a correct diagnosis by 2-dimensional echocardiography using the subcostal oblique views. Twelve patients had associated left ventricular (LV) outflow tract obstruction and 7 had right ventricular (RV) outflow obstruction. The standard parasternal views failed to diagnose obstruction in 1 patients with LV outflow obstruction and 5 with RV outflow obstruction; the subcostal left oblique cut and long axis of the left ventricle visualized all left-sided obstructions, and right-sided obstructions were correctly displayed in 5 of 7 cases using a combination of left oblique and right oblique cuts. Two-dimensional echocardiographic subcostal oblique views allow an excellent definition of the morphologic characteristics of RV and LV outflow tracts in patients with TGA and improve the diagnosis of the outflow obstruction in these malformations.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1985

Experimental systemic toxicology of 4'-epidoxorubicin, a new, less cardiotoxic anthracycline antitumor agent.

The acute and chronic iv toxicity of 4'-epidoxorubicin, a new antitumor anthracycline antibiotic, was compared with doxorubicin. The LD50 of 4'-epidoxorubicin was 16.07 mg/kg in mice, 14.27 mg/kg in rats, and about 2 mg/kg in dogs; the LD50 of doxorubicin was 11.98 mg/kg in mice, 10.51 mg/kg in rats, and about 2.5 mg/kg in dogs. Rats and dogs were also dosed iv for 91 days (3 injections/week) with 4'-epidoxorubicin or doxorubicin at doses of 0.128, 0.32, and 0.8 mg/kg to rats and 0.064, 0.16, and 0.4 mg/kg to dogs. A comprehensive toxicological evaluation of the animals was carried out before, throughout, and at the end of the study. High-dose 4'-epidoxorubicin induced toxic clinical signs in dogs, and in both species caused loss of body weight, antiproliferative effects on blood-forming organs and testes, and degenerative lesions in kidneys and heart. The cardiac damage was moderate in rats and very mild in dogs; only three male rats died at this dose. The medium dose induced less pronounced changes and no heart lesions and the low dose was practically nontoxic. Doxorubicin showed similar antiproliferative activity, but more evident toxic effects, especially on the heart; many rats given the high dose died and some at the medium dose showed initial cardiac lesions. Thus 4'-epidoxorubicin appeared less toxic than doxorubicin; in particular cardiac damage was much less evident in animals chronically injected with the new drug.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Bronchial compression by dilated pulmonary artery. Surgical treatment.

Bronchial compression by a dilated left pulmonary artery complicated the postoperative course in two infants: one after a Mustard operation for transposition of the great arteries, restrictive ventricular septal defect, and moderate pulmonary stenosis, the second after correction of tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve. In both cases the bronchial compression was successfully treated by division of the left pulmonary artery and its prolongation by interposition of a conduit.

Bronchial Diseases↗
PubMed1984

Right oblique subxiphoid view for two-dimensional echocardiographic visualization of the right ventricle in congenital heart disease.

Two-dimensional echocardiography in the right oblique subxiphoid view (ROSV) was used to visualize all right ventricular components in 351 patients younger than 2 years of age (100 normal and 251 with various types of congenital heart disease). The ROSV, which is anterior and parallel to the ventricular septum, displays all right-sided cardiac components, the left atrium and the aorta. This view provided the correct diagnosis in patients with pulmonary stenosis or atresia with intact ventricular septum, Ebstein's anomaly, tricuspid atresia, infundibular ventricular septal defect, tetralogy of Fallot and truncus arteriosus. In all patients studied with the ROSV, an excellent definition of morphologic characteristics, equivalent to that in the right oblique axial angiocardiographic view, was achieved. The ROSV should be used routinely to delineate the right ventricular anatomy in all infants with congenital heart disease.

Ebstein Anomaly↗
PubMed1983

[Multiple lentiginosis and hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy].

Two patients with Multiple Lentiginosis (ML) had hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with severe obstruction of the right and left ventricular outflow tracts. ML is a rare syndrome in which there is a typical skin pigmentation disorder together with various other abnormalities like slight mental retardation, sensorineural deafness, genital and skeletal anomalies and sometimes a characteristic facies. Obstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract is frequent in such patients. The association of ML and obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has been recently reported. A critical examination of the literature in addition to our clinical observations suggests that the biventricular obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may play a major role in the clinical feature of ML syndrome.

Cardiomegaly↗
PubMed1981

Cardiomyopathy of doxorubicin in experimental animals, Factors affecting the severity, distribution and evolution of myocardial lesions.

Heart lesions induced in mice, rats, rabbits and dogs by Doxorubicin administered i.v. according to various schedules were studied by light and electron microscopy Vacuolization of myocardial cytoplasm due to distention of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, the T-tubule system and the Golgi vesicles was one of the most common findings. Myocytolysis, clumping and loss of fibrils, fragmentation of sarcomeres, swelling of mitochondria and an increase in lysosomes and residual bodies were also observed. The severity of the cardiomyopathy, quantitatively evaluated by a score system, proved to be dose-dependent. Cardiomyopathy was more severe when the treatment was given in a short period by administration of high doses than when the same cumulative dose was administered as low doses repeated for a long period. The left atrium was more severely affected than the ventricles when high doses were given, whereas it was less affected in animals given low doses. The cardiomyopathy was less severe in animals receiving the same dose in a high volume of solvent and during a long perfusion time. Threshold doses were needed both to induce the cardiomyopathy and to establish it as a progressive disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Mammary tumors induced in rats by adriamycin and daunomycin.

The two anthracycline antitumor antibiotics, Adriamycin and daunomycin (DM), induced a high incidence of mammary tumors, both fibroadenomas and adenocarcinomas, in female rats that received a single i.v. dose, thus confirming previous results. The incidence of DM-induced adenocarcinomas increased with the dose of the drug, whereas the incidence of Adriamycin-induced adenocarcinomas showed a plateau at 5 mg/kg and above. Adriamycin- and DM-induced fibroadenomas showed a peak at lower doses (about 5 to 6 mg/kg). With the highest DM dose (12.5 mg/kg) used, there was a slight prevalence of adenocarcinomas over fibroadenomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗